The document discusses IPv6 and mobility protocols. It introduces IPv6 as an updated version of IPv4 that supports more addresses and improved security. Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) allows devices to change locations while maintaining connectivity using temporary addresses. Hierarchical MIPv6 further improves efficiency for devices that change anchors frequently within the same area. While MIPv6 and HMIPv6 work for many applications, they may not be reliable for real-time applications due to address changes. IPv6 is positioned to support the growing mobile internet.

2. Outline
Introduction
Inconvenients of IPv4
Internet Protocol vesion 6
Hirearchical Mobile Internet
Protocol vesion 6
Conclusion

3. Introduction:
Today the number of devices using IP address has
increased exponentially.
Most of these devices are mobile
(phones, cars, PDAs, sensors…)
Problematic:
•Have an address and Keep contact
•Be reachable
•Maintain communication while moving.
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4. Inconvenients of IPv4
Insuffieciency
Increasing routing information
Increasing the number of Network Address
Translation (NAT)
Security issues
Percentage of IPv4
USA
EUROPE
ASIA
Others
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5. Internet Protocol version 6

6. What isIPv6 ?
What’s IPv6
IPv6 = Internet Protocol Version 6
 IPv6: The next generation IP protocol, is
backward compatible with and is designed to fix the
shortcomings of IPv4, such as data security and
maximum number of user addresses.
 IPv6 increases the address space from 32 to 128 bits
 IPv4= 4 billion addresses.
 IPv6= over 340 trillion addresses.
IPv4 @ = 32 bits
IPv6@ = 128 bits
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8. IPv6 Better!
Larger address
space
Reduce the size of
Security & Qos
routing tables
IPv6
Remove the need for
Overcome the
Network Address
limitations of IPv4
Translation (NAT)
Adapted for:
auto-configuration
and
Mobile devices
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9. IPv6 address components
IPv6 Address Components
Architecture:
IP address space from 32 bits to 128 bits. The
new 128-bit IPv6 addresses are represented in
the form of eight 16 bit components divided in
columns:
IPv6 address :is made ofX : X parts: Prefix &
X X : X : X : two : X : X
Suffix
64 bits Prefix 64 bits suffix
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10. IPv6 Packet
IPv6 Packet
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11. Mobile Internet Protocol Version 6

12. Definition of MIPv6 IPv6:
Definition of Mobile
 : Mobile IPv6 is a protocol developed
as a subset of Internet Protocol version 6 to
support mobile connections.
Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) specifies routing
support which permits an IPv6 host to
continue using its home address as it
moves around the Internet, enabling
continuity of sessions.
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13. MIPv6 Properties
MIPv6 properties:
IPv6 Mobility is based on :
 Experience in MIPv4;
 New features of IPv6;
 The advisability of deploying a new version of IP;
MIPv6 enables support communications
with a mobile device by making a
routing :
 To the point of attachment of the mobile on the Internet;
 To the mobile device’s address in the subnet network.
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14. MIPv6 Packet
MIPV6 Packet
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15. Mobile Terminology
MIPv6 IPv6 Terminology:
 Home Agent (HA): A router or a node
located on the home Network that acts on
behalf of the mobile node while away from
the home Network. HA
 Mobile Node (MN): A node that changes its
location within the Internet topology. A node’s
MN
mobility could be a result of physical
movement or of changes within the topology.
 Correspondent Node (CN): Any node that
communicates with the mobile node.
CN
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16. Exemple MIPv6 communication scenario:
Example of of MIPv6 Communication
Scenario
Visited Network
CN
IPv6
MN HA
Home Network
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17. Exemple MIPv6 communication scenario:
Example of of MIPv6 Communication
Scenario
Visited Network
Care-of-Address MN’s
+
Route Node’s
Mobile
@
authentication
Care-of- Address Optimization
New
Network
Router
Prefix
Solicitation Bindin
g CN
Update IPv6
Binding
MN HA Cache
Home Address Home Network
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18. Limits of MIPv6
Limits of MIPv6
 MIPv6 is inefficient when the mobile
device changes often the anchor point
within the same area.
 =>The solution is the Hierarchical
Mobile IPv6
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19. Hierarchical MIPv6 IPv6
Hierarchical Mobile
 Reduce the exchange messages
between the mobile device and home
agent.
 => new Entity Mobility Anchor Point
 => 2 temporary address
* For the local area(subnet).
* For the region.
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20. Limits of MIPv6
• Mobile IPv6 & HMIPv6:
• Adapted to the long tcp connections
(ftp...) & internet standard
applications(web browsing, http ...)
• Cannot be reliable to real time
applications
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21. Conclusion
CONCLUSION
 Today Mobile devices play major role in
the growth of Internet.
 Internet Doubles Every Year.
 IPv6 starts to be mature enough to be
deployed commercially.
 IPv6 will be the enabling technology for
the mobile Internet.
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