Introduction to Ipv6 , Prepared by Hamzeh Al-Qudah

1. IP next generationIPv6 Presented by: Eng.Hamzeh Al-Qudah,NITC.

2. Agenda What is IPv6 IPv6 motivations IPv6 features & differences from IPv4 IPv6 adoption IPv6 current allocation IPv6 traffic

3. What is IPv6? Internet Protocol version 6 is the next-generation Internet Protocol(IPng) version designated as the successor to IPv4. it is an Internet Layer protocol for packet-switched internetworks. it was defined in December 1998 by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) with RFC 2460

4. IPv6 motivations The main reason that leads to forming IPng working forces that finally generates the IPv6 is the limitations of IPv4 protocol.

5. IPv6 motivations(IPv4 limitations) IPv4 has proven to be robust, easily implemented, and interoperable. However, the initial design of IPv4 did not anticipate the following: IPv4 address exhaustion with the recent exponential growth of the Internet. The requirement of security at internet layer, although it use IPSec but it is optional and not mandatory as in IPv6. The need for simpler configuration The need for better support for prioritized and real-time delivery of data

6. IPv4 address exhaustion Available IPv4 /8s from IANA as of 19 Jan 2010

7. IPv4 address exhaustion cont. Remaining IPv4 /8s from IANA

8. IPv4 address exhaustion and its drawbacks as more devices and appliances is connecting to the internet public IPv4 addresses have become relatively scarce. which leads to using NAT, which : *Breaks globally unique address model *Breaks peer-to-peer model *Breaks some applications *Breaks some security protocols * Breaks some QoS functions *Introduces hidden costs

9. IPv4 address exhaustion cont. IPv6 mitigates IPv4 address exhaustion IPv6 provides 128 bit address which gives an approximately 2^128 addresses, which is sufficient for current and future internet growth.

10. IPv6 features and differences New header format 32 bits 32 bits Ver. 6 Traffic class 8 bits Flow label 20 bits Ver. 4 HL Datagram Length TOS TOS Payload Length 16 bits Next Hdr. 8 bits Hop Limit 8 bits Datagram-ID Flags Flag Offset Source Address 128 bits TTL Protocol Header Checksum Source IP Address Destination IP Address IP Options (with padding if necessary) Destination Address 128 bits IPv4 header IPv6 header

11. IPv6 features and differences cont Large address space:128 bit addresses IPv6 solves the IPv4 public address depletion problem by providing a huge address space. The business benefit of moving to IPv6 is that mobile cell phones, personal data assistants (PDAs), automobiles, appliances, and even people can be assigned multiple globally reachable addresses. The growth of the devices connected to the Internet and the software that these devices run can proceed without restraint and without the complexity and cost of having to operate behind NATs.

12. IPv6 features and differences cont

13. IPv6 features and differences cont Stateless and Stateful Address Configuration Better Support for Prioritized Delivery:flowlabel field. New Protocol for Neighboring Node Interaction: replaced ICMPv4 redirect,ICMPv4 router discovery and ARP. Extensibility: features can be easily added by adding extension headers.

14. IPv6 features and differences cont Mandatory network layer security(IPSec) Simplified processing by routers: simpler header(option less case),no fragmentation at router level and no header checksum. Jumbo grams Multicast routing

15. IPv6 features and differences summary

16. IPv6 features and differences summary

17. IPv6 adoption and allocation IPv6 adoption has been too slow. There are a number of inter-relating factors for this: Cost:hardware,software and technical training Features: all IPv6 new features seen as a not compelling case for investment. Incompatibility:IPv6 not compatible with IPv4 so there must be a translation mechanism. Demand: currently there is a little demand to move to IPv6 from paying customers.

18. IPv6 allocation-Dec 2009

19. IPv6 allocation-Dec 2009 How many total allocations have been made by each RIR? In terms of /32s, how much total space has each RIR allocated?

20. IPv6 allocation per country. Orange: allocated visible Blue: allocated invisible

21. IPv6 allocation by continent Orange: allocated visible Blue: allocated invisible

22. IPv6 Jordan allocation

23. IPv6 traffic Various indirect estimates published % ASNs with IPv6 BGP announcements: 3% IPv6 DNS queries as % IPv4 DNS load :0.2% IPv6 as % of all Internet traffic :0.002%

24. IPv6 traffic cont.

25. summary At some point at the future IPv6 will be the dominant internetwork protocol because of its huge features and benefits, and we all must be IPv6 Ready.

26. Resources Juniper networks Microsoft Wikipedia IANA www.sixxs.net NRO status report 2009 ARINA status report 2010

27. THANKS Eng.HamzehAlqudah Network Engineer , NITC , Jordan Email : Hamza.Al-Qudah@nitc.gov.jo Mobile : +962-777-507979