The ppt consists of types of climatic regions in india, 5 typesof climatic zones in india, their description , cold and cloudy zone, shimla, himachal pradesh, types of design features according to climatic zones, active and passive cooling and heating techniques in cold and cloudy region.
a small presentation on warm and humid climate, and its architectural features... done as a part of my climatology assignment..
NOTE: for better viewing download the font "Caviar Dreams"
http://www.1001freefonts.com/caviar_dreams.font
The ppt consists of types of climatic regions in india, 5 typesof climatic zones in india, their description , cold and cloudy zone, shimla, himachal pradesh, types of design features according to climatic zones, active and passive cooling and heating techniques in cold and cloudy region.
a small presentation on warm and humid climate, and its architectural features... done as a part of my climatology assignment..
NOTE: for better viewing download the font "Caviar Dreams"
http://www.1001freefonts.com/caviar_dreams.font
"warm and humid" climate and their designsAnubhav Arora
in this ppt you will know how and what should we design in the warm and humid climate area like Kerala, it is best example for warm and humid zone.
Hope it will be useful for you.
Natural ventilation and air movement could-be considered under the heading of 'structural controls’ as it does not rely on any form of energy supply or mechanical installation, but due to its importance for human comfort, it deserves a separate section.
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It is a literature case study, which consist of two parts. 1st half covers the introduction of hot and dry climate and design factors that we consider while designing in hot and dry areas. And 2nd part consist of litrature case study of building "SANGATH - An Architect’s Studio, Ahmedabad By B.V. Doshi".
Passive cooling techniques are least expensive means of cooling a home which maximizes the efficiency of the building envelope without mechanical devices.
For more information on energy conversation concepts and green architecture, follow us at - www.archistudent.net
report of dance, drama and music academy and auditoriumShourya Puri
case study of triveni kala sangam and kala kendra, goa.
site analysis of gurugram
literature study of dance, drama and music studio and auditorium
about gurugram
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
10. COMPARISON
• Buildings in city areas have conquered
humidity and suffocation compared to
island climate.
• These same new buildings are often
uncomfortable and overpriced in the
tropics as compared to building on island.
• Often city builidings are not cool as
compared to island because of the
population.
10
11. Also the building on island are much cooler
as compared to city builidings.
11
13. BUILIDING DESIGN
• Passive and low energy.
• Buildings for hot-humid climates should be
comfortable in heat and dampness.
• The humidity is usually above 60% and
often nearly 100% in many regions.
• low-cost buildings can be cool, dry, and
mold-free if they are carefully planned.
13
14. PLANNING
• Buildings in hot-humid climates need to be
different from those in hot-dry climates.
• Breezes in high humidity allow people to
feel cooler because of evaporation from
their skin.
• This is why ceiling fans make people feel
cooler.
• Breezes also replace indoor air with fresh,
keeping humidity levels from building up
as people exhale both moisture and heat. 14
15. • Need to be shaped to avoid directSunlight
and catch breezes.
15
16. VENTLATION
• Catch the breeze: Locate on a hill or raise
above the ground, at a 20- 40 angle to the
prevailing breezes.
• Don't block the breeze: Spaces buildings
out, and add breezeways in them & Build
18 m downwind from a 3 m height building
to allow breezes in.
16
18. • Make rooms breezy: Each room needs 2
exterior walls, with many windows or
vents, including low openings. Verandahs
with outside stairs obstruct breezes much
less than interior halls.
• Make outdoor areas breezy: Keep them
open to warmer season breezes, and if
possible protected from storm and cool
season winds.
18
19. • Use vents as well as windows: If
necessary use mosquito netting curtains
inside walls of openwork or vent blocks.
• Windows or shutters on one ortwo sides
can block breezes on cool evenings.
• Screen porches or verandahs to allow
openings to unscreened windows in the
center of the building.
19
20. • Pull breezes in with wing-walls, and
shutters or casement windows that open
outward.
• The window sill may be able to secure a
building and catch breezes too.
20
21. SHADING
• Keep sunlight off of building walls : to face
the long sides (with most of the windows)
towards the south and north so the roof
overhang shades walls and windows in
the middle of the day.
• Shade in the afternoon : Keep west and
east sides short to let less of the hot, low
angle morning and afternoon sun heat up
walls, especially during the hottest
season. 21
22. • High ceilings let hot air rise above the
people so the room feels cooler to its
occupants.
• Cover openings on west and east ends.
• Use few windows and doors.
• For openings use vertical sunscreens,
climbing vines, or shrubs to reduce heat
gain on western walls.
22
26. • Use white or light colors that stay cooler
on sunny walls, roof, and pavement.
26
27. PLANTATION
• Let plants cool you.
• Tall trees can shade roofs and reduce
temperatures.
• Don't make sun traps of heavy walls
around sunny paved areas.
• Locate plantings between walls and other
paved areas when possible.
27
28. `
• Use greenwalls for breezy west walls.
• Funnel breezes with building walls or
plants
28
29. INSULATION
Keep attic heat out by using a vented roof
and an insulated ceiling.
•Keep coolness out of the walls: Use
insulation at the base of masonry walls to
stop them being cooled by the soil below,
which causes condensation.
•Use light-weight or well-insulated materials
so the building won't feel hot.
29
33. LAKSHADWEEP ISLAND
CLIMATE
• The temperature ranges
from 25o
C to 35o
C.
• Humidity ranging from 70
-76 per cent for most of
the year.
• The average rainfall
received is 1600 mm a
year.
33
34. DESIGN MATERIALS
The construction in these tiny islands is limited to
second floor.
The buildings are constructed using locally
available materials like coral stones, surkhi,
coconut timber etc.
Most of the buildings before 1980s were single
storied load bearing wall constructions roofed
using timber trusses covered with M.P. tiles/AC
Sheets.
The present Port Office building is the first double
34