This document discusses the characteristics and design considerations for buildings in hot, dry climates. It begins by explaining that hot, dry climates are typically found 15-30 degrees from the equator and experience high temperatures, low humidity, and low rainfall. Key characteristics include temperatures over 50 degrees Celsius, low humidity between 10-50%, and precipitation under 150 mm annually. Architects aim to avoid hot sun, capture cool air, and protect from dust storms. Rural architecture embeds buildings deep in the ground with thick walls, small windows, and narrow streets for protection. Design concepts include north-south orientation, compact plans, courtyards, insulated roofs and walls, small openings, and light exteriors. Construction techniques
"warm and humid" climate and their designsAnubhav Arora
in this ppt you will know how and what should we design in the warm and humid climate area like Kerala, it is best example for warm and humid zone.
Hope it will be useful for you.
"warm and humid" climate and their designsAnubhav Arora
in this ppt you will know how and what should we design in the warm and humid climate area like Kerala, it is best example for warm and humid zone.
Hope it will be useful for you.
The ppt consists of types of climatic regions in india, 5 typesof climatic zones in india, their description , cold and cloudy zone, shimla, himachal pradesh, types of design features according to climatic zones, active and passive cooling and heating techniques in cold and cloudy region.
hello! find the details about composite climate and aurabindo ashramam here. If u want best architecture and interior services, click on https://jakkan.com/ and contact them. They give best services.
This presentation gives brief details about hot and dry climate of India. A special focus on city Jaisalmer (case study) is also provided.our main motive was to provide climatological factors of hot and dry climate zone in India , also to give architectural features and vernacular construction materials used in hot and dry climatic zone.
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This paper depicts a vast knowledge on vernacular architecture of India. Vernacular architecture refers to the buildings which are constructed by the knowledge of local technology and craftsmanship, using locally available building materials; simultaneously, ensuring climatic comforts to the users. Thus vernacular architecture is related to the climatic issues, cultural and socio-economic conditions of different regions of any country. Hence, India is a country with diversified climate and socio-cultural conditions. Here, each region has its own unique characteristics of building design in the form of climate-responsive vernacular architecture. The aim of this paper is to assemble all those different types of vernacular practices throughout the different climatic regions of India.
The ppt consists of types of climatic regions in india, 5 typesof climatic zones in india, their description , cold and cloudy zone, shimla, himachal pradesh, types of design features according to climatic zones, active and passive cooling and heating techniques in cold and cloudy region.
hello! find the details about composite climate and aurabindo ashramam here. If u want best architecture and interior services, click on https://jakkan.com/ and contact them. They give best services.
This presentation gives brief details about hot and dry climate of India. A special focus on city Jaisalmer (case study) is also provided.our main motive was to provide climatological factors of hot and dry climate zone in India , also to give architectural features and vernacular construction materials used in hot and dry climatic zone.
Thank You
This paper depicts a vast knowledge on vernacular architecture of India. Vernacular architecture refers to the buildings which are constructed by the knowledge of local technology and craftsmanship, using locally available building materials; simultaneously, ensuring climatic comforts to the users. Thus vernacular architecture is related to the climatic issues, cultural and socio-economic conditions of different regions of any country. Hence, India is a country with diversified climate and socio-cultural conditions. Here, each region has its own unique characteristics of building design in the form of climate-responsive vernacular architecture. The aim of this paper is to assemble all those different types of vernacular practices throughout the different climatic regions of India.
The six climates are normally designated as Hot and Dry, Warm and Humid, Moderate, Cold and Sunny, Cold and Cloudy and Composite. The criteria of allocating any location in India to one of the first five climate zones are that the defined conditions prevail for more than six months.
THIS PPT EXPLAINS HOW TO SHAPE SHELTERS IN WARM HUMID CLIMATE.
a case study of two architectural tropical designs. The case study of Belarocca island resort in Marinduque, Philippines and the house in Maui, Hawaii.
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Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. GENERAL
WE ALL KNOW THAT OUR HABITAT/ BUILDINGS ETC ARE GREATELY
INFLUENCED BY MANY FACTORS AND THE SINGLE MOST
IMPORTANT FACTOR AMON SO IT IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR AN
ARCHITECT TO KNOW ABOUT DIFFERENT REGIONS AND THEIR
CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS SO THAT HE OR SHE CAN PLAN
ACCORDINGLY AND EFFECTIVELY.
2
3. HOT AND DRY CLIMATE
3
THIS TYPE OF CLIMATE PREVAILS AROUND 15 DEGREE FROM
EQUATOR IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AND 30 DEGREES FROM
EQUATOR IN SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE.
4. HOT AND DRY CLIMATE
4
IN INDIA THIS TYPE OF CLIMATE CAN
BE EXPERIANCED IN RAJASTHAN,
GUJRAT , MAHARASHTRA AND SOME
PARTS OF MADHYA PRADESH AND
KARNATKA ALSO .
6. CHARACTERISTICS
OF HOT AND DRY CLIMATE
TEMPERATURE
• IN THIS TYPE OF CLIMATE TEMPERATURE IS USUALLY VERY HOT.
• IT CAN VERY EASILY GO UPTO 50* AND EVEN MORE IN SUMMERS.
• THE DIFFRENCE BETWEEN DAY AND NIGHT TEMPERATURE IS
VERY HIGH (15 TO 20 DEGREE CELSIES).
HUMIDITY
• DUE TO VERY HOT AND HARSH SUN RAYS.
• HUMIDITY IS VERY LOW.
• IT GENERALLY VARIES BETWEEN 10 TO 50 PERCENTAGE.
PRECIPITATION
• AS THE AIR IS TOTALLY HOT & DRY IN THIS TYPE OF CLIMATE.
• PRECIPITATION IS VERY LOW.
• IT MAY VARY BETWEEN 50 TO 150 mm PER YEAR.
6
8. CHARACTERISTICS
OF HOT AND DRY CLIMATE
SKY CONDETIONS
• SKY IS NORMALLY CLEAR AND BLUE IN THIS TYPE OF CLIMATE.
• SOME TIMES DUST STORMS FILL COMPLETE SKY.
• AND THESE DUSTY SKIES CREATE UNBERABLE GLARE.
SOLAR RADIATIONS
• SOLAR RADIATIONS ARE DIRECT AND STRONG DURING DAY
TIMES.
• AND THESE OFTEN ESCAPES INTO OPEN CLEAR SKIES DURING
NIGHTS.
8
9. CHARACTERISTICS
OF HOT AND DRY CLIMATE
WIND
• HIGH SPEED DUSTY WINDS ARE VERY COMMON FOR THIS TYPE
OF CLIMATE.
• WIND SPEED MAY VARY BETWEEN 20 TO 30 KILOMETER PER
HAUR.
• WIND OFTEN CHANGE DIRECTIONS LOCALLY.
SOIL AND VEGITATION
• SOIL IS VERY LOOSE AND SANDY
• LOW HUMIDITY AND LESS RAIN FALL RESULTS IN POOR
VEGETATION.
• ONLY THICK LEAVES AND THORNY PLANTS CAN EASILY
SURVIVE HERE.
9
11. MAIN AIM
• ARCHITECTS MAIN AIM IS TO AVOID HOT SUN AS FAR AS POSSIBLE.
• TO CAPTURE AS MUCH COOL AIR AS POSSIBLE.
• TO PROVIDE PROTECTION FROM DUST STORMS.
11
14. RURAL ARCHITECTURE OF
HOT AND DRY ZONES.
• EXTERNAL LOOK IS ALMOST DEAD TO AVOID SUN,
• EXTERIOR IS LIGHT IN COLOUR AGAIN TO AVOID ABSORPTION OF
HEAT.
• SURFACE AREA EXPOSED TO SUN IS MINIMUM.
• UNITS ARE EMBEDDED DEEP INTO GROUND.
14
15. HOT AND DRY ZONES.
• THICKER MUD WALLS ACT AS GOOD INSULATING MATERIALS.
• SMALLER SIZE OF WINDOWS LIMITS GLARE OF SOLAR
RADIATIONS.
• STREETS ARE NARROW.
• UNITS ARE VERY CLOSELY PLACED.
15
16. DESIGN / PLANNING
CONCEPTS
ORIENTATION
16
1. NORTH –SOUTH ORIENTATION BEST SUITS FOR THIS TYPE
OF CLIMATE AS IT PROTECTS FROM MORNING AND
EVENING SOLAR RADIATIONS.
2. APART FROM THIS LOCAL SITE CONDETIONS AND ITS
SURROUNDINGS ALSO PLAYS MAJOR ROLE IN DECIDING
ORIENTATION .
3. BEDROOMS SHOULD BE ORIENTED TO RECEIVE COOL
NIGHT AIR.
17. DESIGN / PLANNING
CONCEPTS
HOUSE PLANS
1. COMPACT PLANS ARE PREFFRED AS THESE WILL EXPOSE
MINIMUM SURFACE TO HARSH SOLAR RADIATIONS.
2. DEEPER ROOMS ARE BETTER AGAINST HOT OUTSIDE SOLAR
RADIATIONS.
3. INWARD LOOKING PLANS BEST SUITS FOR THIS TYPE OF
CLIMATE AS THESE STRAIGHT AWAY PROTECT US FROM
EXTERNAL SOLAR HEAT AND RADIATIONS.
17
19. DESIGN / PLANNING
CONCEPTS
HOUSE PLANS
4. COURTYARD PLANNING ALONG WITH SOME TREES AND SMALL
WATER BODY CREATES VERY GOOD COOL MICROCLIMATE AS
EVAPORATIVE COOLING EFFECTS OCCURES IN THIS TYPE OF
COURTYARD.
5. THICKER EXTERNAL WALLS WITH MINIMUM WINDOWS SHOULD
BE USED TO AVOID HEAT AND SOLAR RADIATIONS.
6. HEAT PRODUCING AREAS SHOULD BE SEPARATED FROM
OTHER AREAS OF HOUSE.
19
21. DESIGN / PLANNING
CONCEPTSROOFS
1. ROOF SHOULS BE INSULATED FROM HOT SOLAR RADIATIONS.
2. THICKER INSULATING MATERIALS SHOULD BE USED FOR THIS.
3. A LIGHT COLOURED OR TOTALLY WHITE TERRACE SURFACE WILL
REDUCE EFFECT OF HOT SOLAR RADIATIONS.
4. ROOFS SHOULD BE MADE HIGHER SO THAT RADIATIONS FROM
CEILING IS LESS HARSH AND THERE IS ENOUGH SPACE FOR HOT
DICIPATED AIR.
21
22. DESIGN / PLANNING
CONCEPTS
WALLS
1. THE WALLS OF DAY TIME LIVING AREAS SHOULD BE MADE OF
HEAT STORING MATERIALS SO THAT THESE CAN STORE HEAT
IN DAY TIME AND KEEP THE INSIDE COOL AND RADIATE HOT
SOLAR RADIATION BACK IN TO ATMOSPHERE DURING NIGHT.
2. EASTERN AND WESTERN WALLS SHOULD BE SHADED WITH
TREES OR SOME OTHER SCREENS.
3. DOUBLE WALL CONSTRUCTION WITH PROPER VENTILATION
MAY ALSO BE CONSTRUCTED ON WESTERN SIDE.
22
24. DESIGN / PLANNING
CONCEPTS
OPENINGS
1. EXTERNAL OPENINGS SHOULD BE SMALL.
2. EASTERN AND WESTERN SIDE WINDOWS SHOULD BE
PROTECTED BY TREES.
3. LARGE GLASS AREAS SHOULD BE AVOIDED.
4. DEEP SUN SHADES ARE REQUIRED TO SHADE WINDOWS
EFFICTEVELY.
5. IT WOULD BE MORE EFFECTIVE,IF WE SOME HOW ,SEPARATE
OUR SUN SHADES FROM MAIN STRUCTURE .
6. WINDOW SILLSHOULD BE HIGHER TO PROVIDE DUST
PROTECTION
24
25. DESIGN / PLANNING
CONCEPTS
INTERIORS
1. LIGHT COOL COLOURS SHOULD BE USED FOR INTERIORS .
2. SURFACES THAT MAY REFLECT RADIATIONS SHOULD BE
PAINTED DARK TO REDUCE GLARING EFFECT.
EXTERIORS
1. DARK SURFACES SHOULD BE AVOIDED AS THESE WOULD
ABSORB HEAT.
2. LIGHT COLOURED /SHINEY REFLECTIVE SURFACES SHOULD BE
USED TO REFLECT SOLAR HEAT.
3. PROVIDE AS MUCH GREEN SURFACE AS POSSIBLE AS THIS
WILL COOL THE SURROUNDINGS.
4. AVOID HARD PAVED SURFACES AS THESE MAY CREATE GLARE
AND RADIATE HEAT INSIDE THE BUILDING.
25
33. SOME CONSTRUCTION
TECHNIQUES/ MATERIALS USED
FOR HOT DRY ZONES
USE OF ORIAL WINDOWS AND DIFFERENT TYPE OF
LOUVERED SUN SHADES ALSO REDUCE SUN’S
HARSHNESS. 33