This document provides an overview of chilled beam systems and compares them to conventional VAV systems. Some key points:
- Chilled beams were developed in Norway in 1975 and have been widely used in Europe, with US installations now emerging as an alternative to VAV.
- There are passive, active, and multi-service chilled beams that provide radiant cooling via circulated water and can integrate other building services. Active beams also provide ventilation.
- Chilled beam systems have advantages like lower construction costs due to smaller ducts and AHUs, lower energy and maintenance costs, and increased comfort.
- While initial HVAC costs are higher, general construction costs can be lower due to reduced floor-to
Topic 04 chilled beam system note version smallpnnazz
Chilled beam systems are an alternative to conventional HVAC systems like VAV that use beams suspended from ceilings to cool rooms. Water is circulated through pipes in the beams to absorb heat from the air. As the air around the beam cools, it falls to the floor and is replaced by warmer rising air, creating convection currents. There are passive and active beam types. Passive beams rely on natural convection while active beams integrate supply air nozzles. Chilled beams provide cooling through both radiation and convection with benefits like lower energy use and better indoor air quality compared to conventional systems.
Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems allow for individual temperature control of multiple indoor units connected to a single outdoor unit. VRF systems can operate in cooling-only mode, heat pump mode for both heating and cooling, or heat recovery mode which allows simultaneous heating and cooling. VRF systems offer advantages like energy savings, precise temperature control, and zoning capabilities. However, their initial costs are high compared to conventional HVAC systems. VRF technology provides an energy efficient option for heating and cooling buildings with varied internal loads like hotels, schools, and offices.
This document discusses Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) air conditioning systems. It was invented by Daikin in 1982 under the name VRV, though other companies call it VRF. VRF allows one outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. It adjusts cooling and heating by varying the refrigerant flow and compressor speed. VRF systems use less energy and space than traditional split systems. While the upfront cost is higher, operating costs are lower. VRF systems can simultaneously heat and cool with heat recovery models. Major brands selling VRF in India include Daikin, Blue Star, Voltas, Mitsubishi, Carrier, Hitachi, LG and Samsung.
Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Honours)
Building Services 2 Presentation
Tesco Extra at Mutiara Damansara
Members:
Abang Azrin Bin Abang Affandi
Chua Jia Cheng
Goh Jeng Jhieh
Jake Sia Chyi Sern
Kellyann Hiew Yau Mei
Muhammad Aiman Bin Zainul Abidin
Rachel Emma Betty Ernesta
This document provides information on ventilation and air conditioning systems for buildings. It discusses the importance of ventilation to remove stale air and introduce fresh air. Natural ventilation relies on wind and stack effects, while mechanical ventilation uses fans. Central air conditioning systems condition air at a central plant and distribute via ducts, while split systems have indoor and outdoor components. Proper selection of heating, cooling, and ventilation equipment requires balancing multiple factors like energy efficiency and indoor air quality.
All the technical aspects discussed will be limited to the design, application, methods for operating and control, and services of HVAC systems in the Central Utility Complex (CUC). The HVAC systems at Bahrain Airport are limited to Cooling and Air Handling Unit (AHU).
This document discusses energy efficient ventilation systems. It covers various passive ventilation techniques that can reduce energy consumption compared to mechanical ventilation. These include natural ventilation, cross ventilation, earth air tunnels, and passive cooling and heating methods. The document also reviews literature on ventilation and surveys energy usage for ventilation in homes. The conclusion is that passive ventilation techniques are important for natural ventilation and can significantly reduce energy usage while increasing air circulation, making buildings more eco-friendly.
Topic 04 chilled beam system note version smallpnnazz
Chilled beam systems are an alternative to conventional HVAC systems like VAV that use beams suspended from ceilings to cool rooms. Water is circulated through pipes in the beams to absorb heat from the air. As the air around the beam cools, it falls to the floor and is replaced by warmer rising air, creating convection currents. There are passive and active beam types. Passive beams rely on natural convection while active beams integrate supply air nozzles. Chilled beams provide cooling through both radiation and convection with benefits like lower energy use and better indoor air quality compared to conventional systems.
Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems allow for individual temperature control of multiple indoor units connected to a single outdoor unit. VRF systems can operate in cooling-only mode, heat pump mode for both heating and cooling, or heat recovery mode which allows simultaneous heating and cooling. VRF systems offer advantages like energy savings, precise temperature control, and zoning capabilities. However, their initial costs are high compared to conventional HVAC systems. VRF technology provides an energy efficient option for heating and cooling buildings with varied internal loads like hotels, schools, and offices.
This document discusses Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) air conditioning systems. It was invented by Daikin in 1982 under the name VRV, though other companies call it VRF. VRF allows one outdoor unit to serve multiple indoor units. It adjusts cooling and heating by varying the refrigerant flow and compressor speed. VRF systems use less energy and space than traditional split systems. While the upfront cost is higher, operating costs are lower. VRF systems can simultaneously heat and cool with heat recovery models. Major brands selling VRF in India include Daikin, Blue Star, Voltas, Mitsubishi, Carrier, Hitachi, LG and Samsung.
Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Honours)
Building Services 2 Presentation
Tesco Extra at Mutiara Damansara
Members:
Abang Azrin Bin Abang Affandi
Chua Jia Cheng
Goh Jeng Jhieh
Jake Sia Chyi Sern
Kellyann Hiew Yau Mei
Muhammad Aiman Bin Zainul Abidin
Rachel Emma Betty Ernesta
This document provides information on ventilation and air conditioning systems for buildings. It discusses the importance of ventilation to remove stale air and introduce fresh air. Natural ventilation relies on wind and stack effects, while mechanical ventilation uses fans. Central air conditioning systems condition air at a central plant and distribute via ducts, while split systems have indoor and outdoor components. Proper selection of heating, cooling, and ventilation equipment requires balancing multiple factors like energy efficiency and indoor air quality.
All the technical aspects discussed will be limited to the design, application, methods for operating and control, and services of HVAC systems in the Central Utility Complex (CUC). The HVAC systems at Bahrain Airport are limited to Cooling and Air Handling Unit (AHU).
This document discusses energy efficient ventilation systems. It covers various passive ventilation techniques that can reduce energy consumption compared to mechanical ventilation. These include natural ventilation, cross ventilation, earth air tunnels, and passive cooling and heating methods. The document also reviews literature on ventilation and surveys energy usage for ventilation in homes. The conclusion is that passive ventilation techniques are important for natural ventilation and can significantly reduce energy usage while increasing air circulation, making buildings more eco-friendly.
HVAC systems are designed to heat, cool, and ventilate indoor spaces for human comfort. Heating increases temperature while cooling decreases it. Ventilation maintains indoor air quality through exhaust and fresh air. Air conditioning alters temperature, humidity, and air quality. Common HVAC systems include window units for single rooms, split units with indoor and outdoor components, packaged units for medium loads, and central air for large buildings. Vapor compression is the most widely used refrigeration cycle, involving an evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve.
General overview of HVAC Technology
General overview of VRF Technology
Benefits of VRF
General overview of Refrigerant
General overview of Ton
General overview of Compressor
This document discusses different types of air conditioning systems and their components. It introduces window units, split units, central air conditioning, and packaged units. It then covers the cooling cycle/refrigeration cycle involving the compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. District cooling systems and chilled beam systems are also introduced as newer technologies. The coolant used in air conditioning systems must be non-toxic, non-explosive, non-corrosive, and have high electrical resistance while effectively lubricating components. Common coolants mentioned include R-22, R-12, and R-11.
Introduction to hvac system, types of efficient hvac system and how it works. design recommendation for installation of hvac. air handling unit concept. case study.
This is a presentation regarding the introduction to the heating and cooling system technology called variable refrigerant flow systems. (non-commercial)
This document provides an agenda for discussing the practical advantages of VRF/VRV HVAC systems, how to achieve LEED points by installing them, challenges faced, and a comparison to VWV/VWF systems. Key topics include efficiency, flexibility, reliability, and individual thermal comfort control allowing occupants to adjust temperature, air speed and humidity. Achieving high ambient cooling capacity and alternative refrigerants are discussed as ongoing challenges.
Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) is an air-condition system configuration where there is one outdoor condensing unit and multiple indoor units. The term variable refrigerant flow refers to the ability of the system to control the amount of refrigerant flowing to the multiple evaporators (indoor units), enabling the use of many evaporators of differing capacities and configurations connected to a single condensing unit. The arrangement provides an individualized comfort control, and simultaneous heating and cooling in different zones.
Passive Home Training Module for Architects and PlannersLeonardo ENERGY
The document discusses passive house standards and strategies for achieving thermal comfort in buildings. It provides an overview of building energy consumption in Europe and passive systems used in traditional architecture. It then discusses the Passivhaus standard, which aims to limit space heating energy use and ensure indoor comfort. The standard has been successfully applied to over 8,000 buildings in central Europe. The document considers how the Passivhaus principles and quality requirements could be adapted for warmer climates in southern Europe through strategies like passive cooling.
The document provides details about setting up a central heating system for an apartment building. It lists the project leader and members. It then discusses key aspects of central heating including how it works by heating air or water at a central point and distributing it via pipes and radiators. It covers heat sources, distribution methods, and factors affecting comfort. The document also provides guidance on calculating heat loads, selecting boilers and radiators, and insulating components. It includes specifications for the boiler and piping layout for the apartments.
This document provides an overview of the Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) module of the ECBC Training Workshop. It discusses key concepts in HVAC including whole building design approach, non-refrigerative and refrigerative cooling techniques, HVAC system types, components and efficiency metrics, building commissioning, and ECBC requirements. The document is intended to educate professionals on best practices in HVAC system design and operation to improve energy efficiency in buildings.
This document describes four earth air tunnel heat exchanger systems: 1) One coupled with a solar air heating duct to further warm outlet air from the EATHE. 2) A "hybrid" EATHE used to pre-cool condenser coils of an air conditioner. 3) One coupled with an evaporative cooler and solar chimney for passive cooling. 4) An "integrated" EATHE and evaporative cooler system for hot, dry climates. Diagrams and descriptions of the components and operation of each system are provided.
This document discusses duct design considerations for a mechanical engineering project. It covers various duct shapes and sizes, materials, air distribution systems, diffusers and other components. Rectangular ducts are generally more energy efficient than round ducts. Distribution systems discussed include above ceiling, displacement and underfloor. Displacement systems aim to deliver conditioned air directly to the occupied zone without mixing. The document provides information on duct aspects, velocities, pressures and various design tradeoffs to consider for ductwork.
This document provides a market study and overview of air conditioning systems. It discusses key HVAC concepts like air handling units, chillers, cooling towers, and the four main types of air conditioning systems. A case study is presented on the air conditioning system used at a furniture store with details on the split AC units installed, including specifications and performance. The document concludes with an overview of ASHRAE HVAC bylaws regarding ductwork, refrigerants, recirculated air, plenums, and guidelines for noise control in chiller selection and installation.
This document summarizes a study of the performance of a corridor pressurization ventilation system in a 13-story residential building in Vancouver. Measurements found significant variations in ventilation rates between suites, with most under or over-ventilated. The study found that only 8% of intended ventilation air actually reaches the suites, with significant leakage along the ventilation path. Stack effects and wind pressures were also found to influence ventilation rates and overwhelm the mechanical pressures at times. The document recommends direct ventilation of suites and improved compartmentalization of spaces to limit natural pressures and better control ventilation.
H.V.A.C building service in b.arch ciriculamKethees Waran
This document provides an overview of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. It discusses key thermodynamic concepts like sensible and latent heat. It also describes different types of HVAC systems like central forced air, hot water, zoned control, and radiant heat systems. Specific components of HVAC systems are explained, such as air handling units, furnaces, boilers, chillers, ductwork, diffusers, and air curtains. Refrigerants are defined and their numbering system is outlined. HVAC plans and mechanical drawings are also briefly mentioned.
Pressurisation Systems in residential and commercial buildings
Pressurisation Systems CPD
Approved Document B to the Building Regulations requires smoke ventilation to escape stairs and, under some circumstances, common lobbies and/or corridors in residential buildings. Pressurisation is one way of meeting this requirement.
This seminar covers:
An explanation of the basic legislative requirements and how these are achieved
The various design approaches
Specifying the equipment
Passive cooling refers to techniques used to cool buildings without energy consumption, such as those used in passive house designs. Passive cooling aims to slow heat transfer into buildings and remove unwanted heat through principles of physics like shading, natural ventilation strategies like stack ventilation and cross ventilation, evaporative cooling, and using thermal mass materials. Some key passive cooling techniques discussed are shading, natural ventilation methods, night ventilation to pre-cool buildings, evaporative cooling, desiccant cooling, and underground cooling pipes or storage chambers.
This document presents a dissertation submitted by Md. Khurshid Alam to the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Al-Falah University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master of Technology degree in Thermal Engineering. The dissertation analyzes the life cycle of split and multi-split variable refrigerant flow air conditioning systems through a case study. It includes chapters on the introduction, literature review, methodology, life cycle analysis and references. Tables and figures presented include component lists, schematics of VRF systems, load calculations, and economic analyses. The aim is to design an energy efficient and cost effective HVAC system for a building through life cycle analysis of VRF options.
Active chilled beams are ceiling-mounted devices that provide cooling and ventilation to rooms. They work by drawing room air through a water coil to cool it before mixing it with primary air from the central system and distributing it into the room. Compared to conventional HVAC systems, active chilled beams reduce energy usage by transferring more of the cooling load to a more efficient water distribution system and circulating less air. They also improve occupant comfort through uniform temperatures and constant airflow. Active chilled beam systems are a popular "green" solution that lowers operating costs while meeting codes and standards.
The document provides an overview of HVAC systems, including key components and design considerations. It discusses the importance of HVAC for construction professionals due to costs, space requirements, and impact on building performance. The document then outlines the process of designing an HVAC system and various refrigeration, heating, cooling, and distribution options to consider. It provides pros and cons of different centralized and decentralized system types and highlights important coordination and specification details.
HVAC systems are designed to heat, cool, and ventilate indoor spaces for human comfort. Heating increases temperature while cooling decreases it. Ventilation maintains indoor air quality through exhaust and fresh air. Air conditioning alters temperature, humidity, and air quality. Common HVAC systems include window units for single rooms, split units with indoor and outdoor components, packaged units for medium loads, and central air for large buildings. Vapor compression is the most widely used refrigeration cycle, involving an evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve.
General overview of HVAC Technology
General overview of VRF Technology
Benefits of VRF
General overview of Refrigerant
General overview of Ton
General overview of Compressor
This document discusses different types of air conditioning systems and their components. It introduces window units, split units, central air conditioning, and packaged units. It then covers the cooling cycle/refrigeration cycle involving the compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator. District cooling systems and chilled beam systems are also introduced as newer technologies. The coolant used in air conditioning systems must be non-toxic, non-explosive, non-corrosive, and have high electrical resistance while effectively lubricating components. Common coolants mentioned include R-22, R-12, and R-11.
Introduction to hvac system, types of efficient hvac system and how it works. design recommendation for installation of hvac. air handling unit concept. case study.
This is a presentation regarding the introduction to the heating and cooling system technology called variable refrigerant flow systems. (non-commercial)
This document provides an agenda for discussing the practical advantages of VRF/VRV HVAC systems, how to achieve LEED points by installing them, challenges faced, and a comparison to VWV/VWF systems. Key topics include efficiency, flexibility, reliability, and individual thermal comfort control allowing occupants to adjust temperature, air speed and humidity. Achieving high ambient cooling capacity and alternative refrigerants are discussed as ongoing challenges.
Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) is an air-condition system configuration where there is one outdoor condensing unit and multiple indoor units. The term variable refrigerant flow refers to the ability of the system to control the amount of refrigerant flowing to the multiple evaporators (indoor units), enabling the use of many evaporators of differing capacities and configurations connected to a single condensing unit. The arrangement provides an individualized comfort control, and simultaneous heating and cooling in different zones.
Passive Home Training Module for Architects and PlannersLeonardo ENERGY
The document discusses passive house standards and strategies for achieving thermal comfort in buildings. It provides an overview of building energy consumption in Europe and passive systems used in traditional architecture. It then discusses the Passivhaus standard, which aims to limit space heating energy use and ensure indoor comfort. The standard has been successfully applied to over 8,000 buildings in central Europe. The document considers how the Passivhaus principles and quality requirements could be adapted for warmer climates in southern Europe through strategies like passive cooling.
The document provides details about setting up a central heating system for an apartment building. It lists the project leader and members. It then discusses key aspects of central heating including how it works by heating air or water at a central point and distributing it via pipes and radiators. It covers heat sources, distribution methods, and factors affecting comfort. The document also provides guidance on calculating heat loads, selecting boilers and radiators, and insulating components. It includes specifications for the boiler and piping layout for the apartments.
This document provides an overview of the Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) module of the ECBC Training Workshop. It discusses key concepts in HVAC including whole building design approach, non-refrigerative and refrigerative cooling techniques, HVAC system types, components and efficiency metrics, building commissioning, and ECBC requirements. The document is intended to educate professionals on best practices in HVAC system design and operation to improve energy efficiency in buildings.
This document describes four earth air tunnel heat exchanger systems: 1) One coupled with a solar air heating duct to further warm outlet air from the EATHE. 2) A "hybrid" EATHE used to pre-cool condenser coils of an air conditioner. 3) One coupled with an evaporative cooler and solar chimney for passive cooling. 4) An "integrated" EATHE and evaporative cooler system for hot, dry climates. Diagrams and descriptions of the components and operation of each system are provided.
This document discusses duct design considerations for a mechanical engineering project. It covers various duct shapes and sizes, materials, air distribution systems, diffusers and other components. Rectangular ducts are generally more energy efficient than round ducts. Distribution systems discussed include above ceiling, displacement and underfloor. Displacement systems aim to deliver conditioned air directly to the occupied zone without mixing. The document provides information on duct aspects, velocities, pressures and various design tradeoffs to consider for ductwork.
This document provides a market study and overview of air conditioning systems. It discusses key HVAC concepts like air handling units, chillers, cooling towers, and the four main types of air conditioning systems. A case study is presented on the air conditioning system used at a furniture store with details on the split AC units installed, including specifications and performance. The document concludes with an overview of ASHRAE HVAC bylaws regarding ductwork, refrigerants, recirculated air, plenums, and guidelines for noise control in chiller selection and installation.
This document summarizes a study of the performance of a corridor pressurization ventilation system in a 13-story residential building in Vancouver. Measurements found significant variations in ventilation rates between suites, with most under or over-ventilated. The study found that only 8% of intended ventilation air actually reaches the suites, with significant leakage along the ventilation path. Stack effects and wind pressures were also found to influence ventilation rates and overwhelm the mechanical pressures at times. The document recommends direct ventilation of suites and improved compartmentalization of spaces to limit natural pressures and better control ventilation.
H.V.A.C building service in b.arch ciriculamKethees Waran
This document provides an overview of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. It discusses key thermodynamic concepts like sensible and latent heat. It also describes different types of HVAC systems like central forced air, hot water, zoned control, and radiant heat systems. Specific components of HVAC systems are explained, such as air handling units, furnaces, boilers, chillers, ductwork, diffusers, and air curtains. Refrigerants are defined and their numbering system is outlined. HVAC plans and mechanical drawings are also briefly mentioned.
Pressurisation Systems in residential and commercial buildings
Pressurisation Systems CPD
Approved Document B to the Building Regulations requires smoke ventilation to escape stairs and, under some circumstances, common lobbies and/or corridors in residential buildings. Pressurisation is one way of meeting this requirement.
This seminar covers:
An explanation of the basic legislative requirements and how these are achieved
The various design approaches
Specifying the equipment
Passive cooling refers to techniques used to cool buildings without energy consumption, such as those used in passive house designs. Passive cooling aims to slow heat transfer into buildings and remove unwanted heat through principles of physics like shading, natural ventilation strategies like stack ventilation and cross ventilation, evaporative cooling, and using thermal mass materials. Some key passive cooling techniques discussed are shading, natural ventilation methods, night ventilation to pre-cool buildings, evaporative cooling, desiccant cooling, and underground cooling pipes or storage chambers.
This document presents a dissertation submitted by Md. Khurshid Alam to the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Al-Falah University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Master of Technology degree in Thermal Engineering. The dissertation analyzes the life cycle of split and multi-split variable refrigerant flow air conditioning systems through a case study. It includes chapters on the introduction, literature review, methodology, life cycle analysis and references. Tables and figures presented include component lists, schematics of VRF systems, load calculations, and economic analyses. The aim is to design an energy efficient and cost effective HVAC system for a building through life cycle analysis of VRF options.
Active chilled beams are ceiling-mounted devices that provide cooling and ventilation to rooms. They work by drawing room air through a water coil to cool it before mixing it with primary air from the central system and distributing it into the room. Compared to conventional HVAC systems, active chilled beams reduce energy usage by transferring more of the cooling load to a more efficient water distribution system and circulating less air. They also improve occupant comfort through uniform temperatures and constant airflow. Active chilled beam systems are a popular "green" solution that lowers operating costs while meeting codes and standards.
The document provides an overview of HVAC systems, including key components and design considerations. It discusses the importance of HVAC for construction professionals due to costs, space requirements, and impact on building performance. The document then outlines the process of designing an HVAC system and various refrigeration, heating, cooling, and distribution options to consider. It provides pros and cons of different centralized and decentralized system types and highlights important coordination and specification details.
2015 x472 class 04 - central and specialtymichaeljmack
This document provides an overview of central plant and specialty HVAC system design considerations. It outlines the course topics and instructors for a class on the subject. The document then discusses various central plant configurations including chilled water, condenser water, and thermal energy storage systems. It also provides examples of central plants for large campus systems and specialized facilities like the Bancroft Library archives building.
Five Topmost Over-Engineered Building ComponentsRahulJaykar21
This ebook will provide an overview of the building systems that are most commonly over-engineered, pointing out the pitfalls that must be avoided and the negative consequences that can come from excessive capacity
One of our most popular webinar presentations on data center cooling: 2007 Data Center Cooling Study: Comparing Conventional Raised Floors with Close Coupled Cooling Technology.
If you're looking for a solution, it's simple physics: Water is 3,500 times more effective at cooling than air. But, liquid cooling carries a large stigma particularly because of the large price tag. And, if you're like other Data Center Managers, the words of Jerry McGuire may be ringing in your head "Show me the money!"
To view the recorded webinar presentation, please visit http://www.42u.com/data-center-liquid-cooling-webinar.htm
Theory and fundamentals of Active Chilled Beams presented at the Illinois Chapter of ASHRAE, February 8, 2011. Presented by Matt Green of Thermosystems.
The document discusses cooling challenges for data centers and presents various cooling solutions. Specifically, it notes that cooling now accounts for 60-70% of data center energy costs. It then outlines challenges like increasing power densities and need for efficiency, availability, manageability, and serviceability. Various cooling architectures are presented, including room-based cooling, row-based cooling, and close-coupled cooling. Free cooling options using ambient air are also discussed.
This document provides an overview of the Center for Energy and Environment's (CEE) work assessing and retrofitting central ventilation systems in multifamily buildings. CEE has experience evaluating over 2,000 multifamily buildings in Minnesota and has completed several research projects on optimizing multifamily ventilation funded by the Minnesota Department of Commerce. Their proposed process involves assessing existing ventilation system types like central exhaust and corridor supply systems, measuring airflow rates, identifying issues, and retrofitting systems like adjusting dampers or fan speeds to reduce excessive outdoor air intake and save energy. Feedback is sought on improving their proposed assessment and retrofit techniques.
Net Zero heating system. 3700 sq ft two story with full basementGreg Mulder
This document discusses steps to make a building net zero and maximize LEED points through energy efficiency improvements. It outlines analyzing shell efficiency, HVAC systems, appliances, lighting and solar to determine energy needs. Integrating these steps can achieve many LEED points through energy reduction and on-site renewable energy. Specific upgrades discussed include high-efficiency insulation, windows, fans, lighting, heat pumps and a standardized solar system.
When developing data center energy-use estimations, engineers must account for all sources of energy use in the facility. Most energy consumption is obvious: computers, cooling plant and related equipment, lighting, and other miscellaneous electrical loads. Designing efficient and effective data centers is a top priority for consulting engineers. Cooling is a large portion of data center energy use, second only to the IT load. Although there are several options to help maximize HVAC efficiency and minimize energy consumption, data centers come in many shapes, sizes, and configurations. By developing a deep understanding of their client’s data center HVAC requirements, consulting engineers can help maintain the necessary availability level of mission critical applications while reducing energy consumption.
This document introduces perforated transpired solar collectors (SolarWall), which harness solar energy to provide heated fresh air for building ventilation. SolarWall panels are installed on the south-facing wall of a building and absorb solar energy to heat the air drawn through perforations in the panel. Case studies show SolarWall can provide 50% of heating needs and achieve over 10% renewable energy requirements at the lowest cost compared to other technologies like wind turbines or ground source heat pumps, with payback periods as short as 3 years. SolarWall is a proven solar heating system that reduces energy costs while providing clean, renewable energy.
Turbine Inlet Air Cooling (TIAC) - Case Studies - Economics - Performance - C...Salman Haider
Efficiency Enhancement of a Gas Turbine in Hot climate conditions. Design strategies and technology varieties. Detailed Case Studies of TIAC equipped power plants, economic and performance analysis. Study of Climate effect on GT Performance in three different locations.
This workshop aims to educate homeowners in the Kingston region about renewable energy technologies and the process for implementing them. The workshop will provide practical knowledge about different renewable technologies, how they fit into a total home system, and resources to support homeowners' projects. The goals are to demystify the technologies, illustrate the process for projects, support economic activity, and leverage regional knowledge to accelerate renewable energy adoption. This will help reduce the community's carbon footprint and advance Kingston's status as a green community.
The document introduces the AQUAFAN motorless hydro-powered cooling tower technology. It uses the system pump pressure to power the fan through a high-efficiency turbine, requiring no electric motors. This reduces capital and operating expenses by over 25% compared to conventional cooling towers. The AQUAFAN offers reliable and low maintenance operation with low noise, low energy consumption of up to 75% less, and is suitable for high-risk environments due to having no electrical components in the cooling tower. It provides a modular and flexible design that is easy to install and maintain.
The workshop provided information on home heating technologies including solar thermal and geothermal systems. For solar thermal, it discussed the differences between flat plate and evacuated tube collectors and provided case studies showing returns on investment of 16.7-23.7% for domestic hot water and pool heating systems. For geothermal, it outlined the types of systems and discussed installation considerations and costs, noting that while upfront costs are higher, operating costs are reduced by 66% compared to gas systems. A case study compared typical system costs to a geothermal heat pump system.
GSAV.COM.MY - Altra Air Fans with Whalepower TechnologyEdward Boey
This document discusses HVLS (high volume low speed) fans, including their applications, benefits, and energy savings potential. HVLS fans are large, slow-turning fans between 2.4-7.3 meters in diameter that can move large volumes of air using only 0.75-1.5 kW of power. Their unique airfoil blade design, inspired by humpback whale fins, improves air handling efficiency. HVLS fans can provide energy savings through reduced cooling needs, improved ventilation, and compressor optimization. They are well-suited for large open spaces like warehouses and are estimated to pay for themselves through initial installation cost savings and continued operational savings.
HVLS Fan BladeTec is energy efficient solution to keep your space cool and less humid while increasing indoor air comfort and quality. HVLS Fan moves high volume of air at low speed to create uniform and better air dispersion with its big fan blades. HVLS Fan BladeTec is suitable for industrial and commercial retail application. HVLS Fan BladeTec is available in Indonesia via Tawada CleanTech as sole representative for BladeTec in the region.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...Fwdays
Direct losses from downtime in 1 minute = $5-$10 thousand dollars. Reputation is priceless.
As part of the talk, we will consider the architectural strategies necessary for the development of highly loaded fintech solutions. We will focus on using queues and streaming to efficiently work and manage large amounts of data in real-time and to minimize latency.
We will focus special attention on the architectural patterns used in the design of the fintech system, microservices and event-driven architecture, which ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and consistency of the entire system.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Discover top-tier mobile app development services, offering innovative solutions for iOS and Android. Enhance your business with custom, user-friendly mobile applications.
The Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) invited Taylor Paschal, Knowledge & Information Management Consultant at Enterprise Knowledge, to speak at a Knowledge Management Lunch and Learn hosted on June 12, 2024. All Office of Administration staff were invited to attend and received professional development credit for participating in the voluntary event.
The objectives of the Lunch and Learn presentation were to:
- Review what KM ‘is’ and ‘isn’t’
- Understand the value of KM and the benefits of engaging
- Define and reflect on your “what’s in it for me?”
- Share actionable ways you can participate in Knowledge - - Capture & Transfer
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024Vadym Kazulkin
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during MigrationMydbops
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
Date & Time: 8th June | 10 AM - 1 PM IST
Venue: Bangalore International Centre, Bangalore
Abstract: Discover how PostgreSQL extensions can be your secret weapon! This talk explores how key extensions enhance database capabilities and streamline the migration process for users moving from other relational databases like Oracle.
Key Takeaways:
* Learn about crucial extensions like oracle_fdw, pgtt, and pg_audit that ease migration complexities.
* Gain valuable strategies for implementing these extensions in PostgreSQL to achieve license freedom.
* Discover how these key extensions can empower both developers and DBAs during the migration process.
* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
Mydbops Managed Services specializes in taking the pain out of database management while optimizing performance. Since 2015, we have been providing top-notch support and assistance for the top three open-source databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.
Our team offers a wide range of services, including assistance, support, consulting, 24/7 operations, and expertise in all relevant technologies. We help organizations improve their database's performance, scalability, efficiency, and availability.
Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
Follow us on LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/mydbops
For more details and updates, please follow up the below links.
Meetup Page : https://www.meetup.com/mydbops-databa...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/mydbopsofficial
Blogs: https://www.mydbops.com/blog/
Facebook(Meta): https://www.facebook.com/mydbops/
Northern Engraving | Modern Metal Trim, Nameplates and Appliance PanelsNorthern Engraving
What began over 115 years ago as a supplier of precision gauges to the automotive industry has evolved into being an industry leader in the manufacture of product branding, automotive cockpit trim and decorative appliance trim. Value-added services include in-house Design, Engineering, Program Management, Test Lab and Tool Shops.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
Essentials of Automations: Exploring Attributes & Automation ParametersSafe Software
Building automations in FME Flow can save time, money, and help businesses scale by eliminating data silos and providing data to stakeholders in real-time. One essential component to orchestrating complex automations is the use of attributes & automation parameters (both formerly known as “keys”). In fact, it’s unlikely you’ll ever build an Automation without using these components, but what exactly are they?
Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, they’ll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
You’ll leave this webinar with a better understanding of how to maximize the potential of automations by making use of attributes & automation parameters, with the ultimate goal of setting your enterprise integration workflows up on autopilot.
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectorsDianaGray10
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectors
Ashrae CRC presentation doas with chilled beam
1. Chilled Beams
The new system of choice?
Presented By:
Kevin M. Pope P.E.
Jason Leffingwell
Hammel Green And Abrahamson, Inc.
and
Ken Bauer, P.E., LEED AP
Butters-Fetting Co., Inc.
2. History of Chilled Beams
• Chilled beams were developed in Norway in 1975.
• They have been used successfully in Europe for 20 years, where they
have become standard practice.
• Chilled beam technology is emerging in the U.S. as an alternative to
conventional systems such as VAV.
US Installations:
• Astra Zeneca – Boston, MA
• Penn State University – Philedelphia, PA
• Harvard University – Boston, MA
• Portland Center Stage – Portland, OR
• Tahoe Center for Environmental Sciences – Tahoe, NV
• Clemson University – Clemson, SC
• University of Wisconsin – Madison, WI
3. What is a Chilled Beam?
There are two types of Chilled Beams: Passive and Active. Common to each,
is a cooling coil which provides radiant cooling via circulated cool water.
Chilled beams can be either recessed in the ceiling or exposed below the
ceiling. Multi-Service Chilled Beams are also available.
• Passive Chilled Beams consist of a cooling coil in an
enclosure.
Passive Chilled Beam
• Active Chilled Beams provide ventilation air to a
space in addition to cooling.
• Multi-Service Chilled Beams can be either Active or
Passive. They can integrate a wide variety of other
building services such as lighting, speaker systems,
IT systems, Sprinkler heads, photocells, etc.
• Four Pipe Heating and cooling chilled beams are
available.
Active Chilled Beam
Multi-Service Chilled Beam
4. How does an Active Chilled Beam work?
Active Chilled Beam
Primary Air
Induction Nozzle
Cooling Coil
Room Air
Mixed Air
7. Boiler
100% OAI / EXH ER
Air Handling Unit
Chiller
CB
CB
T
CB
CB
T
Roof
T
T
Floor 4
CB
CB
T
CB
CB
T
T
T
Floor 3
CB
CB
T
CB
CB
T
.
T
T
Floor 2
CB
CB
T
CB
CB
T
T
T
Floor 1
CB
CB
T
CB
CB
T
T
T
Basement
Chilled Beam System Diagram
8. Advantage of Chilled Beams: Simple System
Simple to design and control
• Constant volume supply air system
• Easy ASHRAE 62 ventilation calculation
• Less complicated AHU controls
• Less complicated terminal unit controls
• No cooling coil condensate
9. Advantage of Chilled Beams: Less Supply Air
50% - 65% less supply air required
• Smaller ductwork
• Smaller air handling units
11. Chilled Beam vs. VAV AHU Size Comparison
Building Example:
40,000 SF VAV system @ 0.8 CFM/SF = 32,000 CFM
40,000 SF Chilled Beam System @ 40% of VAV = 13,000 CFM
14. Advantage of Chilled Beams: Smaller Ductwork
Reduces ceiling space
• Compared to large VAV systems 50,000 CFM and
greater, a chilled beam system can reduce ceiling space
by as much as 18 inches
• Compared to small VAV systems 20,000 CFM and less, a
chilled beam system can reduce ceiling space by as
much as 12 inches
15. Advantage of Chilled Beams:
Less Mechanical Space
Less building floor area required
• Reduced mechanical room size
• Reduced mechanical shaft size
16. Advantage of Chilled Beams: Lower Construction
Cost
Reduces building construction cost
• Reduced floor to floor height lowers exterior wall cost
• Size of chilled beams installed in ceilings lowers ceiling
system cost
• Reduced mechanical and shaft floor area lowers floor, roof
and wall cost
17. Advantage of Chilled Beams: Less Maintenance
Almost no maintenance required
• No moving parts
• No filters to maintain
• Most manufacturers units are easily serviced through the
removable room air inlet grille
• Requires minimal cleaning. Typically remains dust and dirt
free
20. Advantage of Chilled Beams: Increased Comfort
Overall occupant comfort is improved
• Individual room temperature control is achieved at minimal
additional cost
• System noise is lower due to lower velocity and pressure
drop of the constant volume system and no VAV boxes
• Better control of space humidity levels
• More uniform space temperature is achieved
• Occupants are less likely to feel cold drafts
22. Advantage of Chilled Beams:
Improved Indoor Air Quality
• Better than ASHRAE 62 ventilation rates
• No contaminant mixing
23. Advantage of Chilled Beams: Higher Efficiency
Up to 30% reduction in energy use
• Reduced fan energy
• Ideal application for energy recovery
• Higher design chilled water temperature
24. Advantage of Chilled Beams: LEED Points
An additional 8 – 10 LEED points
can be achieved.
25. Disadvantages of a Chilled Beam System
• Not well known in our industry. Starting to be utilized
more in the States. Proven technology in Europe for last
20 years.
• Higher construction cost compared to VAV.
• Affects traditional ceiling appearance. Chilled beams are
larger than traditional ceiling diffusers. Can present
challenges for lighting coordination.
• Dew point concerns, building must have good control of
humidity to prevent condensation on chilled beam
surface.
26. Case Study: Astra Zeneca – Boston, MA
Astra Zeneca is an international research based pharmaceutical company. They
are a European owned company that had been using Chilled Beam technology
prior to building in the US. They insisted on installing this system when building
here.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Active Chilled Beams installed in five buildings.
Chilled Beam system has been in operation since 2000.
Chilled Beams serve offices, laboratories, cafeteria, and atrium with south facing glass.
No condensation issues.
Buildings do not have operable windows.
100% Outside Air system provides ventilation requirements.
Cleaning of Chilled Beams has not been needed in 7 years of operation.
They are planning a new building that will be using a Chilled Beam system and the latest cost
model is showing a $100,000 savings over a conventional VAV system on a multi-million
dollar project.
According to Bruce McGregor, Facility Manager, the Chilled Beam system is
performing very well, and they are very pleased with it.
27. Case Study: Harvard University – Boston, MA
• Active Chilled Beams are installed in two buildings.
• Chilled Beam system has been in operation since August 2006.
• Chilled Beams serve offices and classrooms.
• One building has operable windows.
• No condensation issues.
• Building is pressurized to reduce infiltration.
• Users were educated on the Chilled Beam system and the
importance of keeping windows closed on humid days.
• They are finding that a Chilled Beam system has a lower
installed cost than a conventional VAV system.
“This technology is the future of the HVAC
industry.” Chuck Stronach, Harvard University
Sustainability
Principles
“Harvard University
is committed to
developing and
maintaining an
environment that
enhances human
health and fosters a
transition toward
sustainability.
Harvard has already
used the LEED
standard in over 16
unique building
projects.”
Harvard Green Campus Initiative
www.greencampus.harvard.edu
30. To test our assumption, we are going to review:
•
Cost Considerations
•
Case Study – Viterbo University, La Crosse, WI
•
Viterbo – Cost Estimate Summary
•
Viterbo – Cost Saving Measures
•
Conclusions
•
Questions
32. HVAC Cost Increase
• Chilled beam terminal unit costs are higher as more units
are generally required
• Chilled water piping costs are higher to distribute chilled
water to the beams
• Insulation costs may be higher to insulate the piping
(Depends on dew point requirements)
33. HVAC Cost Decrease
• Smaller central air handling unit sizing (About 65% less
than an “All Air” system)
• Using 100% outdoor air to the chilled beams reduces the
supply and return air ductwork sizing required
• For the same level of control, chilled beam controls are
less expensive (Only simple zone valves required)
• Lower balancing costs (less and easier adjustments to
make)
34. Electrical Cost Increase
• Connected pump horsepower is typically somewhat
higher related to the lower water temperature rise
(typically 4-6°) used in the secondary water loop serving
the chilled beams
• Lower ∆T = Higher GPM = Higher pump motor
horsepower
35. Electrical Cost Decrease
• Reduced Electrical Infrastructure:
Lower kW/ton required by chiller to produce warmer
average chilled water supply temperatures (In
general, installed refrigeration tonnage remains the
same, but chiller efficiency improves … a lower
connected electrical load)
• Reduced Electrical Infrastructure
Although connected pump motor horsepower is
typically higher, this is more than offset by the
connected fan motor horsepower
• Above changes should result in reduced electrical
infrastructure costs
36. General Construction Costs
Decreased Costs:
(By lower floor-to-floor heights)
•
Structural steel
•
Curtain wall
•
Masonry
•
Stairs
•
Fire-proofing
•
Drywall
•
Steel studs
•
Elevators
•
Air barrier
•
•
Insulation
•
Exterior caulking
Smaller shafts
required, resulting
in more usable
square footage
38. Operating Costs
•
Although total pump energy is generally somewhat
higher, this is more than offset by the reduction in fan
energy
•
A one inch diameter water
pipe can transport the same
cooling energy as an 18 inch
square air duct
39. Operating Costs
•
Depending on system design, kW/ton is improved by
utilizing relatively warmer water temperatures through
the chilled beams.
•
Higher chilled water temperatures used by chilled
beams may allow chiller efficiencies to increase by as
much as 35%
40. Operating Costs
1
0.9
Efficiency (kW/ton)
0.8
1000 Ton Chiller operating at 42 F
CHWS Temp and 70 F CWS Temp
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
1000 Ton Chiller operating at 60 F
CHWS Temp and 70 F CWS Temp
0.2
0.1
0
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Tons
Comparison of low temperature and medium temperature
water-cooled chillers
Note: A medium temperature loop also greatly expands the potential for
free cooling
44. Life Cycle Costs – Of a Building
• 75% Alterations,
Energy & Operations
• 14% Finance
• 11% Design &
Construction
Taken from LEED New Construction Version 2.2 Study Guide
45. Case Study: Viterbo University
Viterbo University – La Crosse, WI
• North end – Basement + 3 levels
• South end – Basement + 5 levels
• 65,000 ft²
46. Case Study: Viterbo University
By lowering floor-to-floor heights on average by 10” – 14”…
…height of building was reduced by 6 feet!
48. Case Study: Viterbo University
• City of La Crosse – For every 5’ in height, setback is
increased by 1’
• Lowering the building 6’ allowed for more square footage
per floor
49. Viterbo – Cost Estimate Summary
Pricing provided by CD Smith Construction
50. Viterbo – Cost Saving Measures
• Total cost add for chilled beams: $300,000
• Through value-engineering changes such as:
• Reduction in control zones
• Removal of insulation of chilled water piping on floors
• Provide 1 energy recovery unit in lieu of 2
• Provide 2 hot water boilers in lieu of 3
• Eliminate balance valves through the use of pressure
independent control valves
• Use PEX tubing
52. Viterbo – Cost Saving Measures
When will condensation on the coil be of concern?
• 75 F db room design temperature at 50% relative
humidity
• 55 dew point temperature
• Theoretically, condensation will form on the coil when the
chilled water temperature is 55 F
• Apparent room dew point is 2-3 F lower due to insulating
effect of air film on coil fins
• In reality, at this room design condensation will not begin
to form until the water temperature is 52-53 F
54. Viterbo – Cost Saving Measure
Focus On Energy – Equipment Incentives
55. Viterbo – Cost Saving Measures
Final construction cost determination to include chilled
beams was valued at NO ADDITIONAL COST
56. Conclusions
•
The HVAC costs associated with chilled beams are
more expensive than other conventional systems
•
Depending on the type of building, the general
construction costs utilizing chilled beams can be LESS
57. Conclusions
•
The operating costs associated with chilled beam
systems is generally less
•
The maintenance costs associated with chilled beam
system is generally less
58. Conclusions
•
Our original assumption may not be correct.
•
The “Total” overall construction costs may not be any
higher for chilled beam systems
•
To determine the “True” financial feasibility of chilled
beams, the total life-cycle costs for each of the
proposed systems should be compared
60. Energy Savings Analysis – Chilled Beams Over VAV
Case Study: WHA Clinic
• $50,483 Total Annual Savings
• Almost $1/SF savings
•$35,109 Savings due to Chilled Beams and Energy Recovery
•41.8% Total annual Savings
•29.1% Savings Due to Chilled Beams and Energy Recovery
• Greater Than 30% Savings Incentive
• $45,385 Overall Incentive
• $31,585 Incentive Due to Chilled Beams and Energy Recovery