The Geiger-Muller counter is a device that detects and measures all types of radiation such as alpha, beta, and gamma radiation. It consists of a pair of electrodes with a high voltage between them. The gas used is usually helium or argon. When radiation particles enter the chamber, they ionize the gas atoms. This produces electrons that accelerate toward the anode and cause further ionization, creating an avalanche effect. To prevent continuous pulses, quenching is used to stop the successive avalanche amplification, such as by connecting an external resistance or using a specific gas. The electric field strength is calculated based on parameters like the anode voltage, wire and cylinder radii.

1.  THANK YOU

2. RAI SAHAB BHANWAR SINGH E,
COLLEG E
RALA- NASRUULLAGANJ
class-B.sc 5th sem.
subject-physic presentation
 Guided by-Mr. Gyanrao dhote
sir
 Student name-Aarti
yaduvanshi

3. GEIGER-MULLER COUNTER

5. DEFINATION-: Geiger Muller Counter is a
device, which used for the detection &
measurement of all types of radiation : alpha
beta & gayma radiation.
Basically it consist of a pair of
electrodes have a high voltage across them. The
gas used in usually helium or argon.
PRINCIPAL-: The ionisation chamber
when the potential

6. difference between the electrode is
increased beyond the saturation
current region ab the electrons
produced due to ionisation of the
atoms of the gas enclosed in the
chamber by the incident particle moved
toward the anode with such a velocity
that they ionise the other atoms of the
gas.

7. As result the ionisation current
begin to increase. As the potential
difference is increased the
ionisation current increase .The
positive sheath developed near
the anode makes the electric field
weak to a value below critical value
required to produce Geiger
discharge .as a result ,the counter
becomes temporarily dead .

8. QUNCHING:-Due to successive
avalanche amplification , it
becomes difficult to count the fast
coming pulses .hence it becomes
essential that the successive are
the stopped .the method adopted
to stop the successive avalanche
amplification ,is called qunching.

9. (1)By the connecting an external
resistance
(2)By filling proper gas inside the
chamber

12. The pair is attracted toward the axial
wire &the positive is attracted toward
the wall of the tube so that a pulse is
produced . If a is the radius of the axial
wire , b is the radius of the cylinder, &
the argon gas is ionised when the
potential on anode relative to cathode
is v volt& r radius
E=V /rlog(b/a)

13. The pair is attracted toward the axial
wire &the positive is attracted toward
the wall of the tube so that a pulse is
produced . If a is the radius of the axial
wire , b is the radius of the cylinder, &
the argon gas is ionised when the
potential on anode relative to cathode
is v volt& r radius
E=V /rlog(b/a)

14. THANK YOU