Genetic engineering
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This document discusses genetic engineering and cloning. It begins by asking why genetic engineering is done and what it is. It then discusses some applications of genetic engineering like using E. coli bacteria to produce biofuels or developing cheap, environmentally friendly batteries. The document also discusses cloning, noting Dolly the sheep as the first cloned mammal. It provides steps involved in cloning like isolation of DNA, insertion into a carrier or vector, transformation of a host cell, selection of transformed cells, amplification of rDNA, and cell multiplication.
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Genetic-engineering
Genetic engineering involves artificially manipulating genes through processes like removing a gene from one organism and inserting it into another. This allows combining DNA from different species. Key tools used are restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific points and DNA ligase to join foreign DNA. Genetic engineering has applications like creating plants resistant to herbicides, producing human proteins in transgenic animals like sheep, and using bacteria to manufacture insulin. However, ethical issues surround releasing genetically modified organisms into the environment, their use as a food source, impact on animal welfare, and genetic engineering of humans.
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This presentation discusses genetic engineering and was presented by a group of 4 students in the Environmental Science department. It defines genetic engineering as manually adding new DNA to an organism. It provides examples of genetically engineered plants and discusses the history and basic concepts of genetic engineering. The presentation explains the process of genetic engineering including extracting DNA from one organism and inserting it into another. It compares genetic engineering to traditional breeding and discusses applications like transgenic organisms and cloning.
B sc biotech i fob unit 3 genetic engineering
Genetic engineering techniques allow for the precise manipulation of genes. Recombinant DNA techniques can create new combinations of genes that do not exist in nature. These techniques involve isolating, cutting, and splicing DNA molecules, and inserting genes into vectors to introduce them into host cells. While challenges remain, genetic engineering holds promise for applications in industry, agriculture, medicine, and more.
Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
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Lecture 13: Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
A. Recombinant DNA/ Genetic Engineering
B. Applications of Genetic Engineering
1. Researches on Human Genes
2. Researches on Animal Genes
3. Researches on Plant Genes
4. Researches on Microbial Genes
C. The Release of Genetically Engineered Organisms
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1.2 Regulatory Policies
DNA Technology 2: Genetic Engineering
This document discusses genetic engineering and DNA technology. It explains that genetic engineering involves manipulating DNA, such as splicing genes from one organism into another. This allows genes to be mass produced using bacteria or inserted into organisms to improve their traits. Examples are given of inserting human genes into bacteria to produce insulin or "glowing" plants created with bioluminescent genes. Concerns discussed include the debate over GMOs in food, ownership of patented life forms, and long term effects on human health and the environment.
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The document discusses genetic engineering and genetically modified organisms (GMOs). It defines genetic engineering as the direct modification of an organism's genome through techniques like inserting, replacing or removing genes. This allows scientists to modify traits. Some key points:
- The first GMOs were bacteria in 1973, mice in 1974, and commercial GMO development began with insulin-producing bacteria in 1982.
- Common GMO crops include 93% of soybeans, 93% of cotton and 86% of corn grown in the US. One example is Bt-corn which produces a toxin harmful to insects.
- GMOs can be engineered for traits like insect or herbicide resistance, increased yield, or improved nutrition. Concer
DNA Technology 2 genetic engineering notes
This document provides an overview of genetic engineering and biotechnology concepts through a series of slides. It discusses how DNA from different organisms can be spliced together, and how genetic engineering involves manipulating genes. Examples are given of inserting select genes into organisms to improve traits or have them mass produce certain proteins. The document also summarizes gene cloning techniques like PCR and discusses applications of genetic engineering in medicine, agriculture, and animal science. Ethical considerations around topics like patenting life forms and conducting safety research are also briefly outlined.
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Genetic-engineering
Genetic engineering involves artificially manipulating genes through processes like removing a gene from one organism and inserting it into another. This allows combining DNA from different species. Key tools used are restriction enzymes to cut DNA at specific points and DNA ligase to join foreign DNA. Genetic engineering has applications like creating plants resistant to herbicides, producing human proteins in transgenic animals like sheep, and using bacteria to manufacture insulin. However, ethical issues surround releasing genetically modified organisms into the environment, their use as a food source, impact on animal welfare, and genetic engineering of humans.
Genetic engineering
genetic engineering
chemical engineering
types of cloning vectors
restriction enzyme
DNA ligase
rDNA technology
applications
Genetic Engineering
This presentation discusses genetic engineering and was presented by a group of 4 students in the Environmental Science department. It defines genetic engineering as manually adding new DNA to an organism. It provides examples of genetically engineered plants and discusses the history and basic concepts of genetic engineering. The presentation explains the process of genetic engineering including extracting DNA from one organism and inserting it into another. It compares genetic engineering to traditional breeding and discusses applications like transgenic organisms and cloning.
B sc biotech i fob unit 3 genetic engineering
Genetic engineering techniques allow for the precise manipulation of genes. Recombinant DNA techniques can create new combinations of genes that do not exist in nature. These techniques involve isolating, cutting, and splicing DNA molecules, and inserting genes into vectors to introduce them into host cells. While challenges remain, genetic engineering holds promise for applications in industry, agriculture, medicine, and more.
Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology
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A. Recombinant DNA/ Genetic Engineering
B. Applications of Genetic Engineering
1. Researches on Human Genes
2. Researches on Animal Genes
3. Researches on Plant Genes
4. Researches on Microbial Genes
C. The Release of Genetically Engineered Organisms
1. Biosafety and Ecological Implications
1.1 Potential Ecological Concerns
1.2 Regulatory Policies
DNA Technology 2: Genetic Engineering
This document discusses genetic engineering and DNA technology. It explains that genetic engineering involves manipulating DNA, such as splicing genes from one organism into another. This allows genes to be mass produced using bacteria or inserted into organisms to improve their traits. Examples are given of inserting human genes into bacteria to produce insulin or "glowing" plants created with bioluminescent genes. Concerns discussed include the debate over GMOs in food, ownership of patented life forms, and long term effects on human health and the environment.
Genetic Engineering Power point
The document discusses genetic engineering and genetically modified organisms (GMOs). It defines genetic engineering as the direct modification of an organism's genome through techniques like inserting, replacing or removing genes. This allows scientists to modify traits. Some key points:
- The first GMOs were bacteria in 1973, mice in 1974, and commercial GMO development began with insulin-producing bacteria in 1982.
- Common GMO crops include 93% of soybeans, 93% of cotton and 86% of corn grown in the US. One example is Bt-corn which produces a toxin harmful to insects.
- GMOs can be engineered for traits like insect or herbicide resistance, increased yield, or improved nutrition. Concer
DNA Technology 2 genetic engineering notes
This document provides an overview of genetic engineering and biotechnology concepts through a series of slides. It discusses how DNA from different organisms can be spliced together, and how genetic engineering involves manipulating genes. Examples are given of inserting select genes into organisms to improve traits or have them mass produce certain proteins. The document also summarizes gene cloning techniques like PCR and discusses applications of genetic engineering in medicine, agriculture, and animal science. Ethical considerations around topics like patenting life forms and conducting safety research are also briefly outlined.
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Chapter 20 Molecular Genetics Lesson 3 - Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering is a technique used to transfer genes between organisms. It involves identifying the desired gene, using restriction enzymes to cut it from donor DNA, and inserting it into a vector like a plasmid. This vector is then inserted into a host cell like E. coli bacteria. For insulin production, the human insulin gene is inserted into bacterial DNA. The engineered bacteria are grown in large fermenters under controlled conditions to produce large quantities of human insulin. While genetic engineering has benefits like producing affordable insulin, it also raises social and ethical concerns regarding environmental impacts, economic issues, and potential health risks.
Genetic engineering
. what is genetic engineering
. how it is done.
.what are its types.
what is GMO.
.applications of genetic engineering.
Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering involves deliberately manipulating an organism's genes to produce a desired trait. It is done by transferring genes between organisms, such as inserting a gene from one species into a plasmid and introducing that plasmid into a host cell. Genetically modified foods have been produced since the 1990s and include soybeans, corn, canola, and tomatoes. While GM foods aim to create crops with advantages like pest resistance and increased yields, some argue they pose environmental and health risks.
Biotechnology
This document discusses biotechnology and genetic engineering. It provides examples of how biotechnology is used in forensics, agriculture, and genetic engineering. Genetic engineering involves transferring genes between organisms, such as placing human genes in bacteria. The document also discusses applications of genetic engineering like creating pest-resistant and herbicide-resistant crops through biotechnology techniques.
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering involves directly manipulating and altering genes. It is commonly used in medicine, such as producing insulin and researching gene therapy. Genetic engineering is controversial due to various ethical issues regarding human and animal testing. A variety of scientific fields, including genetics, medicine, biology, and biochemistry, contribute to studying genetic engineering. Many careers utilize this technology, such as microbiologists, researchers, and genetic engineers.
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This document outlines topics related to genetics and genetic engineering, including:
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2. Techniques for genetic engineering like using plasmids, restriction enzymes, and DNA ligase to transfer genes between organisms.
3. Examples of genetically modified crops and animals, and potential benefits and risks of genetic modification.
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Genetic engineering involves manipulating the DNA of living organisms. It has led to important applications like producing insulin, growth hormones, transgenic crops, and vaccines. However, it also raises ethical concerns like unintended health effects, environmental impacts, and questions around discrimination. Proper regulation is needed to ensure biotechnology is used safely and for beneficial purposes only.
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The implications related to genetic engineering such as cloning and gene editing is briefly described.
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This document discusses the history and process of genetic engineering. It begins by defining genetic engineering as any process that changes genetic material to produce new substances or functions. It then provides background on the discovery of DNA and genes in the 1950s. The document goes on to explain that genetic engineering involves combining DNA from different organisms to create recombinant DNA that can function in a host cell. It describes key techniques and tools used in genetic engineering like vectors, host cells, and enzymes. The document summarizes several important applications of genetic engineering like producing insulin, growth hormones, and treating diseases. It also discusses approaches for gene therapy and the first gene therapy treatment. Finally, the document outlines both potential benefits and ethical concerns of genetic engineering.
Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineers can alter the DNA of living organisms through techniques like selective breeding, recombinant DNA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gel electrophoresis. Selective breeding has been used for thousands of years, while recombinant DNA was first used in the 1970s to combine DNA from different organisms. Genetically modified crops and animals can have benefits like increased disease resistance, higher yields, and the ability to produce human proteins, but they are also controversial. DNA analysis techniques like PCR and gel electrophoresis allow the unique identification of individuals for uses such as criminal investigations.
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This document provides an overview of genetic technology techniques including selective breeding, hybridization, DNA extraction, restriction enzymes, gel electrophoresis, polymerase chain reaction, genetic engineering, and transformation. It discusses applications like genetically modified animals and plants. Transgenic organisms created through recombinant DNA techniques are described. The document also touches on genome sequencing, biotechnology, cloning, and some products enabled by genetic technology.
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Genetics engineering is the technology for modifying the genetics information in a plant, animal or human in order to produce some desired trait or characteristic
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Genetic engineering uses biotechnology to directly manipulate an organism's genes. The CRISPR-Cas9 system allows genes to be added, removed, or altered by using the Cas9 enzyme to cut DNA at a targeted location. CRISPR-Cas9 acts as a bacterial immune system and can now be programmed to edit genes in other organisms like crops, animals, and potentially humans. This technology could help end diseases by editing genes, create genetically modified crops with desired traits, and potentially lead to "designer babies" with selected genes. However, genetic engineering also raises ethical concerns and risks unpredictable consequences.
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Genetic engineering involves manipulating DNA to modify or add traits to organisms. Key techniques include isolating genes and inserting them into other species using tools like plasmids, biolistics, and transformation. This allows transferring traits between widely different species. Early applications included bacteria producing human insulin and chymosin for cheesemaking. Now many crops are engineered for traits like pest resistance and herbicide tolerance. Genetic engineering holds promise but also risks that require ethical guidelines to ensure its safe and responsible use.
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Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is used to add new traits to organisms that do not naturally occur. The document discusses various applications of genetic engineering including in agriculture, medicine, and genetic studies. In agriculture, genetic engineering has been used to develop crops with traits like virus resistance, insect resistance, and herbicide tolerance. In medicine, genetic engineering is being used to produce human insulin, growth hormone, vaccines, and interferons. It is also being explored for gene therapy applications.
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This document discusses genetically modified crops and their potential benefits and risks. It begins by explaining what DNA is and how genetic engineering works to modify genes. Potential benefits of GM crops include improved nutrition, higher yields, pest and drought resistance. Examples given are golden rice with added vitamin A and Bt corn resistant to insects. However, there are also potential environmental risks like increased pesticide resistance in insects and loss of biodiversity. Gene transfer could also allow "superweeds" to develop. There are questions around possible human health impacts and economic issues of corporate control of seeds. The document concludes that whether GM foods are good or bad depends on weighing the case-by-case benefits against the costs and risks.
Genetic engineering
This document discusses genetic engineering techniques such as selective breeding, recombinant DNA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gel electrophoresis, and transgenic organisms. Recombinant DNA allows combining DNA from different organisms and was first used in the 1970s with bacteria. Genetically modified plants and animals are created through insertion of foreign DNA and have applications such as producing human proteins and increasing disease resistance. PCR and gel electrophoresis are techniques used to analyze and identify DNA.
Principal of genetic engineering & its applications
Genetic engineering has many applications in medicine, including producing insulin, human growth hormones, vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies to treat diseases. It is also used to create animal models of human diseases and potentially cure conditions through gene therapy or stem cell therapy. For example, genetically modified bacteria are used to mass produce human insulin for diabetes treatment. Researchers are also working on genetically engineering foods to contain vaccines to more easily deliver them in developing countries.
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Chapter 20 Molecular Genetics Lesson 3 - Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering is a technique used to transfer genes between organisms. It involves identifying the desired gene, using restriction enzymes to cut it from donor DNA, and inserting it into a vector like a plasmid. This vector is then inserted into a host cell like E. coli bacteria. For insulin production, the human insulin gene is inserted into bacterial DNA. The engineered bacteria are grown in large fermenters under controlled conditions to produce large quantities of human insulin. While genetic engineering has benefits like producing affordable insulin, it also raises social and ethical concerns regarding environmental impacts, economic issues, and potential health risks.
Genetic engineering
. what is genetic engineering
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.what are its types.
what is GMO.
.applications of genetic engineering.
Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering involves deliberately manipulating an organism's genes to produce a desired trait. It is done by transferring genes between organisms, such as inserting a gene from one species into a plasmid and introducing that plasmid into a host cell. Genetically modified foods have been produced since the 1990s and include soybeans, corn, canola, and tomatoes. While GM foods aim to create crops with advantages like pest resistance and increased yields, some argue they pose environmental and health risks.
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This document discusses biotechnology and genetic engineering. It provides examples of how biotechnology is used in forensics, agriculture, and genetic engineering. Genetic engineering involves transferring genes between organisms, such as placing human genes in bacteria. The document also discusses applications of genetic engineering like creating pest-resistant and herbicide-resistant crops through biotechnology techniques.
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering involves directly manipulating and altering genes. It is commonly used in medicine, such as producing insulin and researching gene therapy. Genetic engineering is controversial due to various ethical issues regarding human and animal testing. A variety of scientific fields, including genetics, medicine, biology, and biochemistry, contribute to studying genetic engineering. Many careers utilize this technology, such as microbiologists, researchers, and genetic engineers.
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This document outlines topics related to genetics and genetic engineering, including:
1. Using PCR and gel electrophoresis to analyze and separate DNA fragments.
2. Techniques for genetic engineering like using plasmids, restriction enzymes, and DNA ligase to transfer genes between organisms.
3. Examples of genetically modified crops and animals, and potential benefits and risks of genetic modification.
Genetics By Swati & Sheela
Genetic engineering involves manipulating the DNA of living organisms. It has led to important applications like producing insulin, growth hormones, transgenic crops, and vaccines. However, it also raises ethical concerns like unintended health effects, environmental impacts, and questions around discrimination. Proper regulation is needed to ensure biotechnology is used safely and for beneficial purposes only.
Social and ethical issues of genetic engineering
The implications related to genetic engineering such as cloning and gene editing is briefly described.
Genetic engineering
This document discusses the history and process of genetic engineering. It begins by defining genetic engineering as any process that changes genetic material to produce new substances or functions. It then provides background on the discovery of DNA and genes in the 1950s. The document goes on to explain that genetic engineering involves combining DNA from different organisms to create recombinant DNA that can function in a host cell. It describes key techniques and tools used in genetic engineering like vectors, host cells, and enzymes. The document summarizes several important applications of genetic engineering like producing insulin, growth hormones, and treating diseases. It also discusses approaches for gene therapy and the first gene therapy treatment. Finally, the document outlines both potential benefits and ethical concerns of genetic engineering.
Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineers can alter the DNA of living organisms through techniques like selective breeding, recombinant DNA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gel electrophoresis. Selective breeding has been used for thousands of years, while recombinant DNA was first used in the 1970s to combine DNA from different organisms. Genetically modified crops and animals can have benefits like increased disease resistance, higher yields, and the ability to produce human proteins, but they are also controversial. DNA analysis techniques like PCR and gel electrophoresis allow the unique identification of individuals for uses such as criminal investigations.
Genetic technology presentation
This document provides an overview of genetic technology techniques including selective breeding, hybridization, DNA extraction, restriction enzymes, gel electrophoresis, polymerase chain reaction, genetic engineering, and transformation. It discusses applications like genetically modified animals and plants. Transgenic organisms created through recombinant DNA techniques are described. The document also touches on genome sequencing, biotechnology, cloning, and some products enabled by genetic technology.
Genetic Engineering ppt
Genetics engineering is the technology for modifying the genetics information in a plant, animal or human in order to produce some desired trait or characteristic
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering uses biotechnology to directly manipulate an organism's genes. The CRISPR-Cas9 system allows genes to be added, removed, or altered by using the Cas9 enzyme to cut DNA at a targeted location. CRISPR-Cas9 acts as a bacterial immune system and can now be programmed to edit genes in other organisms like crops, animals, and potentially humans. This technology could help end diseases by editing genes, create genetically modified crops with desired traits, and potentially lead to "designer babies" with selected genes. However, genetic engineering also raises ethical concerns and risks unpredictable consequences.
Biotechnoloy principles and processes
This document discusses biotechnology and recombinant DNA technology. It defines biotechnology as using organisms or enzymes to produce useful products. It explains the principles of genetic engineering and maintaining sterile environments. It also describes the basic tools used in recombinant DNA technology, including restriction endonucleases, cloning vectors, competent host cells. Finally, it outlines the processes involved in recombinant DNA technology such as isolating genetic material, inserting DNA into host cells, and using bioreactors to produce products at large scale.
Genetic engineerig
Genetic engineering involves manipulating DNA to modify or add traits to organisms. Key techniques include isolating genes and inserting them into other species using tools like plasmids, biolistics, and transformation. This allows transferring traits between widely different species. Early applications included bacteria producing human insulin and chymosin for cheesemaking. Now many crops are engineered for traits like pest resistance and herbicide tolerance. Genetic engineering holds promise but also risks that require ethical guidelines to ensure its safe and responsible use.
G.E pillai aswathy viswanath
Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is used to add new traits to organisms that do not naturally occur. The document discusses various applications of genetic engineering including in agriculture, medicine, and genetic studies. In agriculture, genetic engineering has been used to develop crops with traits like virus resistance, insect resistance, and herbicide tolerance. In medicine, genetic engineering is being used to produce human insulin, growth hormone, vaccines, and interferons. It is also being explored for gene therapy applications.
Genetically modified food crops and their contribution to human nutrition and...
This document discusses genetically modified crops and their potential benefits and risks. It begins by explaining what DNA is and how genetic engineering works to modify genes. Potential benefits of GM crops include improved nutrition, higher yields, pest and drought resistance. Examples given are golden rice with added vitamin A and Bt corn resistant to insects. However, there are also potential environmental risks like increased pesticide resistance in insects and loss of biodiversity. Gene transfer could also allow "superweeds" to develop. There are questions around possible human health impacts and economic issues of corporate control of seeds. The document concludes that whether GM foods are good or bad depends on weighing the case-by-case benefits against the costs and risks.
Genetic engineering
This document discusses genetic engineering techniques such as selective breeding, recombinant DNA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gel electrophoresis, and transgenic organisms. Recombinant DNA allows combining DNA from different organisms and was first used in the 1970s with bacteria. Genetically modified plants and animals are created through insertion of foreign DNA and have applications such as producing human proteins and increasing disease resistance. PCR and gel electrophoresis are techniques used to analyze and identify DNA.
Principal of genetic engineering & its applications
Genetic engineering has many applications in medicine, including producing insulin, human growth hormones, vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies to treat diseases. It is also used to create animal models of human diseases and potentially cure conditions through gene therapy or stem cell therapy. For example, genetically modified bacteria are used to mass produce human insulin for diabetes treatment. Researchers are also working on genetically engineering foods to contain vaccines to more easily deliver them in developing countries.
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Chapter 20 Molecular Genetics Lesson 3 - Genetic Engineering
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This document discusses biotechnological product development. It explains that biotechnology uses biological systems to develop technologies and products for improving quality of life. Biotech drugs, also called biopharmaceuticals, are manufactured using living expression systems and differ physically from small molecule drugs. The development process involves isolating a gene of interest, transferring it to an expression vector, transforming host cells, growing the cells, and purifying the protein product. Quality control measures like sterility testing and viral/bacterial decontamination are crucial given biotech drugs cannot be sterilized as end products.
Genetic Engineering and Application
Genetic engineering involves directly manipulating an organism's genome using biotechnology. The process involves isolating a gene, cutting it using restriction enzymes, inserting it into a plasmid or other vector, and introducing this recombinant DNA into a host organism where it is expressed. Key applications of genetic engineering include agriculture, where genes are inserted into crops to make them pest-resistant or improve yields, and medicine, where genes or cells are modified to produce vaccines, hormones, or treat genetic diseases through gene therapy or gene pharming.
bacterial genetics.pptx
Bacteria can undergo genetic changes through mutations, transformation, transduction, and conjugation. Transformation involves the uptake of naked DNA from the environment. Transduction involves the transfer of bacterial DNA between cells by bacteriophages. Conjugation involves the direct transfer of DNA via cell-to-cell contact, often mediated by plasmids. These genetic processes allow bacteria to rapidly acquire new traits, including antibiotic resistance.
Recombinant dna technology
in this topic we will discuss the following contents
Introduction.
Cloning.
Discovery.
Molecules need in rDNA technology.
Enzymes.
Vectors.
Procedure or steps involves in rDNA technology.
Application of rDNA technology.
Advantages and disadvantages.
Biotechnology
This document provides an overview of biotechnology. It discusses what biotechnology is, which includes using biological sciences like agriculture, food science, genetics, and medicine to develop new products. It also discusses areas of biotechnology like genetic engineering, protein engineering, bioinformatics, immunology, plant biotechnology, and cancer biology. Key techniques in biotechnology are also summarized like recombinant DNA technology, polymerase chain reaction, DNA microarrays, genetic modification of plants, monoclonal antibodies, and applications of nanobiotechnology.
Genetic engineering principle, tools, techniques, types and application
Basic principles of genetic engineering.
Study of cloning vectors, restriction endonucleases and DNA ligase.
Recombinant DNA technology. Application of genetic engineering in medicine.
Application of r DNA technology and genetic engineering in the products:
a. Interferon
b. Vaccines- hepatitis- B
c. Hormones- Insulin.
Polymerase chain reaction
Brief introduction to PCR
Basic principles of PCR
Vector isolation
The document discusses vectors and their use in biotechnology. There are two main types of vectors discussed - cloning vectors and expression vectors. Cloning vectors are used to replicate DNA and contain origins of replication, marker genes, and sites for enzyme recognition. Expression vectors can replicate DNA and also contain promoters, tags, and sequences to allow for transcription and translation. Common cloning vectors include plasmids, cosmids, phagemids, and bacteriophages. Expression is needed when large amounts of gene products need to be purified. Vectors are isolated using techniques like gel electrophoresis and centrifugation.
Microbiome Identification to Characterization: Pathogen Detection Webinar Ser...
This document discusses the development of rapid detection methods for microbial and microbiome analysis and their applications to human health. It provides an overview of QIAGEN's microbial qPCR products and discusses focused metagenomics applications like screening for antibiotic resistance genes in the food supply and human gut. Limitations of current methods are outlined and the benefits of qPCR for rapid, specific, and sensitive microbial detection are described.
Enzymes and proteins used in DNA replication
This document discusses genetic engineering tools and techniques, including restriction endonucleases, ligase, reverse transcriptase, electrophoresis, hybridization, sequencing, and polymerase chain reaction. It also covers applications of recombinant DNA such as cloning vectors, cloning hosts, and recombinant organisms like transgenic plants and animals. Gene therapy and other therapeutic applications are also summarized.
Splash presentation tra slides
The document discusses synthetic biology and the International Genetically Engineered Machines (iGEM) competition. It summarizes that synthetic biology designs biological components for useful purposes. iGEM is an annual synthetic biology competition where student teams design and build complex biological systems using standard DNA parts called "BioBricks". The document then provides details on Cornell iGEM's 2014 project to engineer E. coli bacteria to uptake heavy metals from water to purify contaminated water sources.
Bioassay development part 4
This document discusses bioassay development for drug discovery. It covers in vitro and cell-based bioassays, as well as the molecular biology techniques used to develop these assays such as cloning DNA into plasmids, propagating plasmids in bacteria, purifying plasmid DNA, sequencing DNA, and expressing proteins in bacteria and mammalian cells through techniques like transfection. Recombinant protein expression and purification using affinity tags is also summarized.
Genomics and bioinformatics
Genomics is the study of genomes and includes determining entire DNA sequences, genetic mapping, and studying intragenomic phenomena. It allows determining an ideal genotype. Genomics and bioinformatics provide benefits like improved crop productivity, stress tolerance, and nutritional quality. Proteomics studies proteins in cells. Bioinformatics handles large genomic and proteomic data using algorithms. Structural genomics constructs sequence data and maps genes. Functional genomics studies gene function. Comparative genomics compares sequences to find relationships.
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Recombination DNA Technology (Gene Manipulation of animal )
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Overcome the challenges of Nucleic acid isolation from PCR inhibitor-rich mic...
Overcome the challenges of Nucleic acid isolation from PCR inhibitor-rich mic...
Genetic engineering principle, tools, techniques, types and application
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ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Insectsplayamajorroleinthedeteriorationoffoodgrainscausingbothquantitativeandqualitativelosses
Wellprovedthatnogranariescanbefilledwithgrainswithoutinsectsastheharvestedproducecontainegg(or)larvae(or)pupae(or)adultinsectinthembecauseoffieldcarryoverinfestationwhichcannotbeavoidedindevelopingcountrieslikeIndia
Simpletechnologiesfortimelydetectionofinsectsinthestoredproduceandtherebyplantimelycontrolmeasures
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
在线办理(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证毕业完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(salfor毕业证书)索尔福德大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart Agriculture
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
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Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.MICROBIAL INTERACTION PPT/ MICROBIAL INTERACTION AND THEIR TYPES // PLANT MIC...
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Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDS
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
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Genetic engineering
- 1. Biology: Test-1Genetic Engineering Why Genetic Engineering? What is Genetic Engineering? How does it concern us? How it is different form traditional breeding? What are its applications?
- 2. Biology: Test-1Applications in Engineering E coli bacteria: Biofuel
- 3. Biology: Test-1 Applications in Engineering Cheap and environmental friendly batteries
- 4. Biology: Test-1 What is cloning? the first mammal to be cloned What are the steps involved in cloning? Cloning
- 5. Biology: Test-1 1. Isolation • Only segment of DNA • Identification of gene based on former knowledge • Locating site using enzymes • Types of Restriction Enzyme • Significance of type 2 enzyme • Insert formation in the diagram • End- Cleavage relation
- 6. Biology: Test-1 2. Insertion • Carrier- vector • How to obtain carrier? • Enzyme used • Process shown in diagram • Insert into host cell • Production of rDNA • Selection of vector Based on requirement Artificial vector • Plasmids
- 7. Biology: Test-1Further steps 3. Transformation of a host cell 4. Identification of transformed cells and their selection 5. Amplification of rDNA in a cell 6. Cell multiplication and Colony growth