FTP
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FTP uses two TCP connections - a control connection on port 21 for sending commands and a data connection on port 20 for transferring files. The control connection maintains state about the user and session and is used to open and close the data connection for individual file transfers. Common FTP commands are used to login with username and password, list directory contents, and get/put files between hosts.
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File Transfer Protocol
FTP is a standard protocol for transferring files over the Internet. It establishes two connections between hosts - one for data transfer and the other for control information like commands. FTP uses ports 21 for control and 20 for data. It supports different transmission modes like stream, block, and compressed. It allows clients to authenticate, specify file formats, and access files anonymously in some cases.
File Transfer Protocol
The document discusses the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP uses two channels - a control channel over port 21 to send commands and a data channel over port 20 to transfer files. It describes common FTP commands to connect, navigate directories, set transfer properties, transfer files, and end sessions. The document also covers FTP status codes, transport bindings using active/passive modes, proxy transfers, and security issues like cleartext data transfers that FTP has addressed with TLS encryption.
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SMTP is the standard protocol for sending email over the Internet. It defines the message format and how messages are transferred between mail servers. When a client wants to send a message, it establishes a connection to an SMTP server and issues commands like MAIL, RCPT, and DATA to specify the sender, recipients, and transmit the message content. While simple to implement, basic SMTP has limitations like lacking authentication that allow issues like spam. Extensions to SMTP like ESMTP aim to address such problems.
Ftp
FTP is a protocol for transferring files between a client and server on a network. It defines a client (user) and server model with separate control and data connections to transfer files reliably and efficiently while shielding users from variations in file storage. The control connection uses commands to manage the session and transfer parameters while the data connection handles the actual transfer of files in one of several modes.
File Transfer Protocol(FTP)
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used for transferring computer files between a client and server. It uses separate connections for control commands and data transfer, with port 21 for control and port 20 for data by default. Some key FTP commands include RETR (retrieve a file) and STOR (store a file). While convenient, FTP has security issues as it transmits passwords and file contents in plaintext.
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
HTTP is the application-layer protocol for transmitting hypertext documents across the internet. It works by establishing a TCP connection between an HTTP client, like a web browser, and an HTTP server. The client sends a request to the server using methods like GET or POST. The server responds with a status code and the requested resource. HTTP is stateless, meaning each request is independent and servers do not remember past client interactions. Cookies and caching are techniques used to maintain some state and improve performance.
Transport Layer In Computer Network
The transport layer provides end-to-end communication over a network by providing services such as connection-oriented communication, reliability, flow control, and multiplexing. It links the application layer to the network layer and performs functions like segmenting messages and establishing connections between endpoints. Common transport protocols are TCP, which provides connection-oriented and reliable data transfer, and UDP, which provides connectionless datagram delivery.
Lec 8(FTP Protocol)
This document discusses the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) which allows users to transfer files between a client and server using separate connections for commands and data transfer. The FTP client initiates connections to the FTP server on ports 21 for commands and 20 or a dynamically assigned port for transferring data. It describes the various FTP commands for logging in, navigating directories, setting transfer options, and transferring files in both ASCII and binary modes. Security issues with plain text passwords are also noted, along with the simpler Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP).
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File Transfer Protocol
FTP is a standard protocol for transferring files over the Internet. It establishes two connections between hosts - one for data transfer and the other for control information like commands. FTP uses ports 21 for control and 20 for data. It supports different transmission modes like stream, block, and compressed. It allows clients to authenticate, specify file formats, and access files anonymously in some cases.
File Transfer Protocol
The document discusses the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP uses two channels - a control channel over port 21 to send commands and a data channel over port 20 to transfer files. It describes common FTP commands to connect, navigate directories, set transfer properties, transfer files, and end sessions. The document also covers FTP status codes, transport bindings using active/passive modes, proxy transfers, and security issues like cleartext data transfers that FTP has addressed with TLS encryption.
Smtp
SMTP is the standard protocol for sending email over the Internet. It defines the message format and how messages are transferred between mail servers. When a client wants to send a message, it establishes a connection to an SMTP server and issues commands like MAIL, RCPT, and DATA to specify the sender, recipients, and transmit the message content. While simple to implement, basic SMTP has limitations like lacking authentication that allow issues like spam. Extensions to SMTP like ESMTP aim to address such problems.
Ftp
FTP is a protocol for transferring files between a client and server on a network. It defines a client (user) and server model with separate control and data connections to transfer files reliably and efficiently while shielding users from variations in file storage. The control connection uses commands to manage the session and transfer parameters while the data connection handles the actual transfer of files in one of several modes.
File Transfer Protocol(FTP)
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used for transferring computer files between a client and server. It uses separate connections for control commands and data transfer, with port 21 for control and port 20 for data by default. Some key FTP commands include RETR (retrieve a file) and STOR (store a file). While convenient, FTP has security issues as it transmits passwords and file contents in plaintext.
HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
HTTP is the application-layer protocol for transmitting hypertext documents across the internet. It works by establishing a TCP connection between an HTTP client, like a web browser, and an HTTP server. The client sends a request to the server using methods like GET or POST. The server responds with a status code and the requested resource. HTTP is stateless, meaning each request is independent and servers do not remember past client interactions. Cookies and caching are techniques used to maintain some state and improve performance.
Transport Layer In Computer Network
The transport layer provides end-to-end communication over a network by providing services such as connection-oriented communication, reliability, flow control, and multiplexing. It links the application layer to the network layer and performs functions like segmenting messages and establishing connections between endpoints. Common transport protocols are TCP, which provides connection-oriented and reliable data transfer, and UDP, which provides connectionless datagram delivery.
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This document discusses the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) which allows users to transfer files between a client and server using separate connections for commands and data transfer. The FTP client initiates connections to the FTP server on ports 21 for commands and 20 or a dynamically assigned port for transferring data. It describes the various FTP commands for logging in, navigating directories, setting transfer options, and transferring files in both ASCII and binary modes. Security issues with plain text passwords are also noted, along with the simpler Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP).
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Ftp
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files between a client and server. FTP is built on a client-server model and allows users to access files on remote systems. Key components of FTP include the client, which initiates file transfers, the server, which stores and transmits files, and the FTP site, which houses files and determines user access levels through usernames and passwords. FTP supports both anonymous access for public files as well as authenticated access through usernames and passwords for private files.
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FTP is a protocol that allows files to be transferred between computers connected to the Internet or with different operating systems. It uses two TCP ports, with port 21 for sending commands to the FTP server and port 20 for transferring data. The FTP server listens on port 21 for connections and commands from clients, then uses a separate data port to send and receive files and data.
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- TCP and IP are core protocols of the Internet Protocol Suite, with TCP operating at the transport layer and providing reliable data transmission, and IP operating at the internet layer and routing packets between hosts.
- TCP establishes a virtual connection between hosts and provides services like flow control, error checking, and reliable ordered delivery. It uses port numbers to identify applications.
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Ftp
FTP is a standard protocol for transferring files between computers on the Internet. An FTP server runs FTP server software and listens on ports 20 and 21 to allow clients to connect and transfer files. FTP clients connect to FTP servers to upload and download files. There are two modes - active mode where the client initiates the data connection, and passive mode where the server initiates it to work better with firewalls. An FTP server is configured by installing vsftpd, enabling the service, editing configuration files, and adding users. FTP clients use commands like get, put, and mget/mput to download and upload files from/to the FTP server.
TCP-IP Reference Model
The document discusses the TCP/IP protocol suite and compares it to the OSI model. It describes the layers of the TCP/IP model including the physical, data link, internet, and transport layers. The transport layer uses TCP and UDP, with TCP being connection-oriented and reliable, while UDP is connectionless. The internet layer uses IP to transport datagrams independently. The OSI model has 7 layers while TCP/IP has 5 layers that do not directly correspond to the OSI layers.
Hypertext transfer protocol (http)
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FTP - File Transfer Protocol
Overview of the FTP protocol.
In the early days of the Internet, applications were mostly restricted to mail transfer (email) and file transfer. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is one of the first standardized protocols for exchanging binary and text files between hosts.
FTP is rather simple in that it uses a TCP connection for exchanging commands and a data transfer TCP connection for the actual file transfer.
In normal FTP operation, the client opens the control connection to the FTP server while it is up to the server to open data connections for each file transfer. With the upcoming firewalls, this scheme proved to pose a problem since firewalls tend to block incoming TCP connections. Thus a passive mode was defined where the client is responsible to open the data connection to the server.
File transfer protocol (ftp)
FTP allows two computers to connect over the Internet so that files can be transferred between a client and server. It was created in 1971 at MIT by Abhay Bhushan to transfer data over the new ARPANET. FTP works through a request, response, transfer, terminate cycle. It converts files to binary for transmission and allows downloading and uploading of files. While over 30 years old, FTP continues to be used and modified to meet user demands.
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Tcp/ip model
The document describes the TCP/IP model and its layers:
1. The application layer contains common protocols like FTP, SMTP, HTTP, and DNS.
2. The transport layer contains TCP and UDP which manage end-to-end message transmission and error handling.
3. The network layer is IP which handles routing and congestion of data packets.
4. The lower layers include the data link layer which manages reliable data delivery to physical networks, and the physical layer which defines the physical media.
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SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard protocol for electronic mail transmission. It was first defined in 1982 and became widely used in the early 1980s as a complement to UUCP mail. SMTP uses a client-server model where the client initiates a connection and sends messages to the server, which then acknowledges receipt. It allows messages to be transferred between machines that are intermittently connected. Common SMTP commands include HELO, MAIL FROM, RCPT TO, DATA, QUIT, and RSET. SMTP can be secured using SSL/TLS to encrypt the communication channel. The latest developments include supporting real-time dynamic content in emails and internationalized email addresses encoded in UTF-8.
Ftp
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files between a client and server. FTP is built on a client-server model and allows users to access files on remote systems. Key components of FTP include the client, which initiates file transfers, the server, which stores and transmits files, and the FTP site, which houses files and determines user access levels through usernames and passwords. FTP supports both anonymous access for public files as well as authenticated access through usernames and passwords for private files.
File transfer protocol
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used to transfer computer files between a client and server over a TCP/IP network. FTP uses TCP/IP to transfer files and allows users to exchange files between accounts, transfer files between accounts and desktop computers, or access online software archives. When transferring files, FTP facilitates either uploading files from a personal computer to a server or downloading files from a server to a personal computer.
Application layer protocols
This slides will be very useful for engineering college students ,Based on syllabus from Anna university chennai.
File Transfer protocols
This is a basic PPT about File Transfer Protocols. This explains why FTPs are importat and their basic functionality .
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTP is the protocol used to retrieve web pages over the Internet. It uses a request/response model where browsers make requests to web servers using HTTP and receive responses. HTTP 1.1 introduced persistent connections allowing multiple requests to be sent over a single TCP connection, improving efficiency over HTTP 1.0 which required a separate connection for each request. Caching of responses in browsers and proxies improves page load times and reduces server load.
Ch 19 Network-layer protocols Section 1
The document describes the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4). It discusses the IPv4 datagram format including the header fields, fragmentation, and options. It also covers how IPv4 provides an unreliable datagram delivery service and must be paired with TCP for reliability. The document discusses security issues with IPv4 like packet sniffing, modification, and spoofing, and how IPSec can provide protection against these attacks.
Ftp server
FTP is a protocol that allows files to be transferred between computers connected to the Internet or with different operating systems. It uses two TCP ports, with port 21 for sending commands to the FTP server and port 20 for transferring data. The FTP server listens on port 21 for connections and commands from clients, then uses a separate data port to send and receive files and data.
TCP - IP Presentation
- TCP and IP are core protocols of the Internet Protocol Suite, with TCP operating at the transport layer and providing reliable data transmission, and IP operating at the internet layer and routing packets between hosts.
- TCP establishes a virtual connection between hosts and provides services like flow control, error checking, and reliable ordered delivery. It uses port numbers to identify applications.
- Common applications that use TCP include Telnet, FTP, and TFTP, with Telnet using port 23, FTP using ports 20 and 21, and TFTP using port 69.
File Transfer Protocol
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) allows users to transfer files between computers over the Internet. It uses separate channels for control commands and data transfer. Common FTP clients include FileZilla and programs built into web browsers. FTP operates using a client-server model with different processes for control and data transfer between client and server computers.
Ftp
FTP is a standard protocol for transferring files between computers on the Internet. An FTP server runs FTP server software and listens on ports 20 and 21 to allow clients to connect and transfer files. FTP clients connect to FTP servers to upload and download files. There are two modes - active mode where the client initiates the data connection, and passive mode where the server initiates it to work better with firewalls. An FTP server is configured by installing vsftpd, enabling the service, editing configuration files, and adding users. FTP clients use commands like get, put, and mget/mput to download and upload files from/to the FTP server.
TCP-IP Reference Model
The document discusses the TCP/IP protocol suite and compares it to the OSI model. It describes the layers of the TCP/IP model including the physical, data link, internet, and transport layers. The transport layer uses TCP and UDP, with TCP being connection-oriented and reliable, while UDP is connectionless. The internet layer uses IP to transport datagrams independently. The OSI model has 7 layers while TCP/IP has 5 layers that do not directly correspond to the OSI layers.
Hypertext transfer protocol (http)
HTTP is a request-response protocol for transferring data over the internet. It was introduced by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN. The client submits an HTTP request to the server, which responds with status information and requested content. HTTP uses TCP for network connectivity and relies on DNS to connect clients to servers. HTTP 1.0 defined GET, POST, and HEAD methods, while HTTP 1.1 added PUT, DELETE, TRACE, OPTIONS, and CONNECT. Persistent connections allow multiple requests/responses over a single TCP connection, improving efficiency versus non-persistent connections requiring separate TCP for each transaction.
Internet control message protocol
The document discusses the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP). ICMP provides error reporting, congestion reporting, and first-hop router redirection. It uses IP to carry its data end-to-end and is considered an integral part of IP. ICMP messages are encapsulated in IP datagrams and are used to report errors in IP datagrams, though some errors may still result in datagrams being dropped without a report. ICMP defines various message types including error messages like destination unreachable and informational messages like echo request and reply.
Server Side Programming
Server-side programming involves writing code that runs on a web server using languages like Java, PHP, and C#. It processes user input, displays pages, structures applications, and interacts with storage. Client-side programming writes code that runs in the user's browser using JavaScript. In a typical interaction, a user's browser requests a page from a server, which processes the request and returns the page which is then rendered in the browser. Common server-side programming languages and frameworks include PHP, Python, and ASP.Net. Web pages can be static with fixed HTML content or dynamic where the content changes based on server-side processing.
Transport layer
The transport layer provides efficient, reliable, and cost-effective process-to-process delivery by making use of network layer services. The transport layer works through transport entities to achieve its goal of reliable delivery between application processes. It provides an interface for applications to access its services.
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
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FTP - File Transfer Protocol
Overview of the FTP protocol.
In the early days of the Internet, applications were mostly restricted to mail transfer (email) and file transfer. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is one of the first standardized protocols for exchanging binary and text files between hosts.
FTP is rather simple in that it uses a TCP connection for exchanging commands and a data transfer TCP connection for the actual file transfer.
In normal FTP operation, the client opens the control connection to the FTP server while it is up to the server to open data connections for each file transfer. With the upcoming firewalls, this scheme proved to pose a problem since firewalls tend to block incoming TCP connections. Thus a passive mode was defined where the client is responsible to open the data connection to the server.
File transfer protocol (ftp)
FTP allows two computers to connect over the Internet so that files can be transferred between a client and server. It was created in 1971 at MIT by Abhay Bhushan to transfer data over the new ARPANET. FTP works through a request, response, transfer, terminate cycle. It converts files to binary for transmission and allows downloading and uploading of files. While over 30 years old, FTP continues to be used and modified to meet user demands.
File Transfer Protocol
This document provides an overview of the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) including how it works, the types of connections it uses, common FTP commands, and an example of downloading a file from an FTP server. FTP uses TCP connections on ports 20 and 21, with port 21 for control commands and port 20 for transferring files. Common commands include get to download files, put to upload, cd to change directories, and bye to log off. The example demonstrates connecting to an FTP server and navigating directories to download a specific file.
Ftp (file transfer protocol)
FTP is a utility used to transfer files between local and remote machines using the File Transfer Protocol. The FTP command allows users to connect to remote servers, upload and download files, execute commands on the local or remote machine, change directories and modes, and disconnect. Key functions include getting/putting files to transfer one or more files between machines, listing directory contents, deleting files, and changing transfer modes between ASCII and binary. Help provides information on all FTP commands.
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Ftp
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) allows copying files between two hosts over TCP/IP. It establishes two connections - one for control information like commands and responses, and one for transferring files. FTP solves problems like different file naming conventions or data representations between systems. It uses ports 21 for control and 20 for data, and defines attributes like file type, data structure, and transmission mode to handle heterogeneous systems.
File transfer protocol
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) allows users to transfer files between hosts over a TCP network like the Internet. It works by downloading files from remote computers to a local computer, or uploading files from a local computer to a remote computer. Anonymous FTP sites allow public access without logging in, using a username of "anonymous". FTP has security weaknesses that more secure variants like FTPS address through additions like TLS/SSL encryption. To use FTP for a website, one would get server space from a provider, buy storage, register a domain, and access the FTP settings in the administrator control panel to manage files.
Simple mail transfer protocol
This document provides an overview of SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) including its history, general features, how it works, and limitations. SMTP is an Internet standard used to transfer email between Mail Transfer Agents (MTAs). It originated in 1980 and was standardized in 1981. Key points are that SMTP operates over TCP port 25 in a request-response format, uses status codes to indicate success or failure, and relies on MTAs like Sendmail to route and deliver messages between servers. However, it only supports basic 7-bit ASCII encoding and is susceptible to misuse like spamming.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
This document provides an overview of the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). It discusses how SMTP clients and servers work, how messages are sent to SMTP servers using either relaying or DNS, the SMTP communication model involving connection establishment, message transfer, and connection termination. It also describes mail processing involving envelopes and headers, status codes, and special features like mail forwarding, gatewaying, and relaying. Limitations of SMTP are also noted.
HTTP Basics
HTTP is the protocol that powers the web. It uses a request-response model where clients make requests that servers respond to. Common request methods include GET, POST, HEAD, PUT, DELETE, and OPTIONS. Responses include status codes like 200 for OK and content types. HTTP 1.1 added features like persistent connections and chunked encoding. Cookies are used to maintain statelessness. HTTPS uses SSL/TLS to secure HTTP connections with encryption, server authentication, and integrity.
Email - Electronic Mail
Overview of Email protocols.
Electronic mail was one of the first applications of the fledgling Internet back in the 70ies of the last century. Mail represents basically an electronic equivalent of telegrams that can be sent without having a direct and simultaneous network connection with the recipient.
In email systems, a mail transfer agent (MTA) takes care of the message to be sent and repeatedly tries to deliver the message to the ultimate receiver until successful.
One of the first and still prevalent email protocols is SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol). It is a very simple protocol for sending electronic messages consisting of a header and a body between a sender and a recipient (relay agent or final mail transfer agent).
SMPT is not suited for receiving mail. Additional protocols like POP (Post Office Protocol) or the newer IMAP (Internet Mail Access Protocol) are needed to retrieve mail messages from a mail box.
SMPT was originally restricted to the ASCII character set so binary content or non-ASCII characters could not be used in mail messages. To overcome this limitation, MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) was devised to allow mail senders to encode non-ASCII content with special character encodings.
Internet protocol (ip) ppt
IP specifies the format of packets, also called #datagrams, and the addressing scheme. Most networks combine IP with a higher-level protocol called Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which establishes a virtual connection between a destination and a source.
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FTP uses two TCP ports, one for control commands and one for data transfers. It supports both active and passive modes for negotiating the data connection. TFTP is a simpler file transfer protocol that uses UDP and does not support features like directories or error recovery. Both protocols support different data types, file structures, and transmission modes for transferring files between heterogeneous systems.
FTP-PPT.pptx
FTP is a protocol for transferring files between a client and server over a network. It allows files to be uploaded from a client to a server or downloaded from a server to a client. FTP operates using both a control connection on port 21 for sending commands, and a data connection for transferring files. Connections can be either active, where the server opens the data connection, or passive, where the client opens the data connection. Common FTP commands include USER, PASS, RETR, and STOR.
11 - ftp & web.ppt
FTP uses ports 20 and 21 to transfer files between a client and server over TCP/IP networks like the internet. There are two transfer modes - active mode where the server connects to the client's data port, and passive mode where the client initiates both connections to the server's ports. HTTP is a request/response protocol used to transfer web pages over the internet, with clients like browsers making requests on port 80 to web servers, which respond with files, data, or error messages. Web servers translate URL paths to local file system paths and serve index files like index.html when directories are requested. HTTPS adds encryption and authentication to standard HTTP using port 443.
Ft pv2(1)
FTP is a protocol used to transfer files between systems over a network. It uses a client/server model with two TCP ports - port 21 for control connections and port 20 for data transfers. An FTP server runs FTP daemon software and allows users to log in and transfer files between their account on the server and local system. While FTP remains useful, newer secure variants like SFTP have been developed to encrypt authentication and file transfers over FTP.
BITM3730Week10.pptx
The document provides information about FTP (File Transfer Protocol), including:
- FTP allows transferring files between a client and server, with the client connecting to access and transfer files from directories on the server.
- FTP uses two channels - a command channel to communicate tasks, and a data channel to transfer file data.
- It describes FTP security issues, transfer modes, login processes, error codes, and tools like FileZilla that can be used for FTP.
- Instructions are given for students to upload their Assignment 10 files to the course server using FTP via the Windows Explorer folder view.
Computer network
This document provides an overview of the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). It describes FTP as a client/server protocol for transferring files over the internet that runs over TCP. It discusses the control and data connections used in FTP, some basic FTP commands, and common FTP clients like FileZilla. Pros of FTP include its simple implementation and ability to resume partial transfers, while cons are its lack of security and difficulties filtering active connections.
File transfer protocol
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard internet protocol for transferring files between computers over TCP/IP connections. FTP uses two connections - a control connection on port 21 for sending commands and a data connection on port 20 for transferring files. FTP supports different data structures like file, record, and page structures and transmission modes like stream, block, and compressed for transferring files. Common FTP commands include GET, PUT, SEND for transferring files and USER, PASS, QUIT for connecting to and terminating sessions from remote servers.
File transfer protocol (ftp) in application
FTP uses two TCP connections - a control connection on port 21 to send control information like login credentials and commands, and a data connection on port 20 to transfer files. The control connection remains open for the duration of the session while only one file can be transferred per data connection. It supports three data structures - file, record, and page. Common FTP commands include USER, PASS, LIST, and RETR. Replies include success and error codes like 200, 530, and 221.
Group20 Dynamic Networks
Proxy servers act as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers. There are different types of proxy servers including cache proxies that speed up access and web proxies that allow users to connect to servers and access the internet. Proxy servers aim to provide privacy by hiding clients' IP addresses and allow access around content blocks. FTP and HTTP are protocols for transferring files and web pages respectively using the client-server model, with FTP using separate control and data connections and HTTP using request and response messages. Proxy servers can also be used with FTP and HTTP to add capabilities like caching, authentication, and traffic monitoring.
File tranfer protocol
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an application layer protocol for transferring files between a client and server over TCP. It uses separate connections for control information (on port 21 by default) and data transfer (on port 20 by default). Common FTP commands allow users to navigate directories, retrieve and store files. FTP supports different data representations like ASCII, EBCDIC and binary. It provides features like error control, access control and transmission modes like stream, block and compressed. Variants include FTPS (FTP over SSL/TLS), FTPES (FTP over explicit SSL/TLS) and TFTP (trivial file transfer without authentication over UDP).
protocols (1).pptx
Protocols define rules for formatting and transmitting data across networks. Common protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, and SMTP. IP is the core Internet protocol that handles packet routing. TCP provides reliable data transmission and reassembles packets. HTTP is used for web pages, FTP for file transfer, and SMTP for email.
Ftp tftp
FTP and TFTP are protocols for transferring files between computers. FTP uses TCP for reliable connections and transfers, while TFTP uses UDP. FTP has commands for directories, multiple files, and authentication. It uses separate control and data connections. TFTP only supports reading and writing single files, making it simpler but less secure without authentication. Both protocols address issues from varying operating systems, but FTP provides more robust file sharing capabilities.
Module 5 Application and presentation Layer .pptx
The document discusses the application and presentation layers of the OSI model. It provides details on:
- The application layer protocols like HTTP, FTP, email and how they use the transport layer protocols TCP and UDP.
- The traditional client-server and new peer-to-peer paradigms used at the application layer.
- How the HTTP protocol works for the world wide web including URL structure, static/dynamic web documents, browser and server functions.
- The key components and functioning of specific application layer protocols - FTP for file transfer and email for electronic mail exchange.
File Transport Protocol
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) allows users to transfer files between a client and server computer. FTP uses two TCP connections - port 21 for control commands and a separate high-numbered port for data transfer. To connect, an FTP client enters the server address, username, password, and port 21. FTP has security issues as it transmits passwords and files in plain text, allowing interception, and does not strongly authenticate users.
Ftp: a slideshow on File transfer protocol
File transfer protocol
Project on graphics based on syllabus of MAKAUT ANYTHING revised syllabus for 2nd year and 3rd semester students
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Unit 5 Email FTP Rks.pps.ppt_20240425_112130_0000.pptx
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SNMP allows a manager to monitor and control agents. SMI defines object naming, types and encoding. MIB defines a collection of objects for an entity. SNMP uses SMI and MIB to read/write variable values in agents using PDUs. A manager uses GetRequest to retrieve an agent's udpInDatagrams value, encoded in the message using SMI object identifiers and types. SNMP uses UDP ports 161 and 162 for communication between managers and agents. SNMPv3 adds authentication, privacy and authorization for enhanced security.
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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FTP
- 2. • FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a protocol for transferring a file from one host to another host.
- 3. Compare & Contrast FTP with HTTP • They both: –run on top of TCP, –the Internet's connection-oriented, –transport-layer, –reliable data transfer protocol.
- 4. FTP • uses two parallel TCP connections to transfer a file, a control connection and a data connection.
- 5. • The control connection is used for sending control information between the two hosts -- information such as user identification, password, commands to change remote directory, and commands to "put" and "get" files. • The data connection is used to actually send a file. • Because FTP uses a separate control connection, FTP is said to send its control information out-of-band. FTP
- 6. FTP •two parallel TCP connections •FTP is said to send its control information out-of-band. •Maintain State HTTP •One TCP connection •HTTP is said to send its control information in- band. •Stateless
- 7. FTP… • FTP first sets up a control TCP connection on server port number 21. • The client side of FTP sends the user identification and password over this control connection. • The client side of FTP also sends, over the control connection, commands to change the remote directory. • When the user requests a file transfer (either to, or from, the remote host), FTP opens a TCP data connection on server port number 20.
- 8. FTP… • FTP sends exactly one file over the data connection and then closes the data connection. • If, during the same session, the user wants to transfer another file, FTP opens another data TCP connection. • Throughout a session, the FTP server must maintain state about the user.
- 9. FTP Commands and Replies • The commands, from client to server, and replies, from server to client, are sent across the control TCP connection in 7-bit ASCII format. • In order to delineate successive commands, a carriage return and line feed end each command (and reply). • Each command consists of four uppercase ASCII characters, some with optional arguments.
- 10. FTP Commands and Replies… • Some of the more common commands are: – USER username : Used to send the user identification to server. – PASS password : Used to send the user password to the server. – LIST : Used to ask the server to send back a list of all the files in the current remote directory. The list of files is sent over a (new and non-persistent) data TCP connection and not over the control TCP connection. – RETR filename : Used to retrieve (i.e., get) a file from the current directory of the remote host. – STOR filename : Used to store (i.e., put) a file into the current directory of the remote host.
- 11. FTP Commands and Replies… • Some typical replies: – 331 Username OK, password required – 125 Data connection already open; transfer starting – 425 Can't open data connection – 452 Error writing file