FPGA stands for field programmable gate array. It consists of configurable logic blocks, programmable interconnects, and I/O blocks. The configurable logic blocks contain look up tables, flip flops, and multiplexers that can be programmed to implement different logic functions. The programmable interconnects allow connections between logic blocks using switch matrices. I/O blocks interface signals with the external world. FPGAs can be programmed by defining behavior in HDL, generating a netlist, performing validation, and configuring the FPGA with a binary file via JTAG. They are used in applications like DSPs, medical imaging, and ASIC prototyping. Advantages include shorter time to market and re

1. FPGA
Sreejith. R. Warrier
P2VLD16020

2. Topics covered:-
• What it is
• What is inside it
• How to use them
• Applications
• Advantages & Disadvantages
• Who makes them
2Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetam

3. What it is…
Ø FPGA
• Field Programmable Gate Arrays
• Sprouted from PROMs and PLDs
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5. What is inside it…
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• Configurable Logic Blocks
• Programmable Interconnects
• I/O blocks

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7. Configurable Logic Blocks
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• CLB – consists of LUTs, Flip flops, Mux.
• LUT – Look Up Table
programmed to act like any logic function.
• Flip flops - clocked storage elements.
• Multiplexers – used route the signals within the CLB.

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9. Programmable Interconnects
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• Lines/Buses used to connect different CLBs.
• Transistors are used to turn on or off connections between
different lines.
• Contains switch matrices that can be programmed to connect
lines together in flexible combinations.

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11. I/O Blocks
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• Used to bring signals onto the chip & send them back.
• Contains buffers, pull-up and pull-down resistors, flip flops.
• Output can be programmed for active high and active low
output.

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13. How to use them…
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Define
behavior
using HDL
Generate a
netlist using
an EDA tool
Perform
timing
analysis,
simulation &
verification
After design
& validation,
generate
binary file
Transfer this
binary file to
FPGA via
JTAG

14. Applications
• DSPs, Medical imaging, Computer vision, hardware
acceleration etc.
• ASIC prototyping.
• Low – volume applications.
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15. Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages
• Shorter time to market
• Can be re-programmed
• Easier prototyping
Disadvantages
• Speed
• Power
• Cost
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16. Who makes them…
• Xilinx – Virtex, Spartan
• Altera – Cyclone, Stratix, Arria
• Microsemi
• And many more
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17. Any Questions/ Suggestions ??
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18. Thank You
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