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                     Nuclear pores
RNA Polymerase

                            C
                            y
                            t
 Nucleus                    o
                            p
                            l
                       Ribosome
                            a
                            s
                            m
   Promoter Region
                          tRNA



                         Amino acids
Transcription



                          Cell


                Nucleus
DNA code for 10 amino acids



ATGTTACAGA     GA ATTT GAG G               TC AC GATG T A




TACAATGTCT     CT TAA A      CT    C C     A GTGC TA C A T
Promoter region
RNA Polymerase




          RNA Polymerase is unwinding the DNA strand
Coding region




  TAC



Starting codon




                 RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA
Coding region




  G
  U
  A




RNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand
Coding region
Coding region
codon
        Termination sequence
codon
        Termination sequence
codon
                       Termination sequence

                      ATT




RNA Polymerase hits the stop codon and releases mRNA
mRNA strand
AUG UUACAGA    G AA U UUGAGG   U C ACGA UG   UA
Cell

                     Nucleus




                   Nuclear Pore




        mRNA through nuclear pore




mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm
Translation

              Cell cytoplasm
mRNA




           mRNA




Ribosome




   rRNA forms the ribosome
mRNA




Start Codon: AUG




           mRNA binds to the ribosome
mRNA




                  UUA
            AUG




           UAC      AAU



tRNA-anti codon   Met              tRNA- amino acid
                          Leu




                          tRNA brings in the anti-codon
mRNA




      UUA
AUG


  AAU
UAC



      Met Leu
mRNA




      U U AC A G
AUG


      A A UG U C



            Gln
          Leu

      Met
            Peptide bond




            Amindo acids attach with a peptide bond
mRNA




        U U AC A G
  AUG


             GUC
                       AGA
                    UCU
AAU
              Gln
          Leu Arg
      Met
mRNA
                                                            Stop codon
                                                             UAA
                    UGCGG           U C ACGA U

      U U AC A G
AUG


                   AGA                                          AUU
                UCU
                                                      Asp
                                                His
        Gln                                                  STOP
              Arg
  Leu                        AUC          Gly
Met
                                    Cys
  Amino acids          lle



      Ribosome hits the stop codon and completes the protein
mRNA

                                                             UAA
                      UGCGG          U C ACGA U

      U U AC A G
AUG


                      AGA

                                                       Asp
                                                 His
        Gln                                                  STOP
              Arg
  Leu                                      Gly
Met
                                     Cys
                        lle
                   Completed Protein
SUMMARY
Transcription:
     First, the RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA molecule. Second, RNA
Polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA. The, RNA Polymerase reads DNA and
create the mRNA strand. Next, RnNA Polymerase this stop the stop codon and releases
the mRNA. Last, mRNA leavs the nucleus and enter the cytoplasm.




   Translation:
        First, rRNA formed the ribosome. Second, mRNA binds to the ribosome.
   Next, tRNA brings in the anti-codon. Then, amino acids attach to tRNA and then
   bind with a peptide bond. Last, the ribosomes hit the stop codon and complete
   the protein.

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Flip book mlck5789375937592739

  • 1. Key: Nuclear pores RNA Polymerase C y t Nucleus o p l Ribosome a s m Promoter Region tRNA Amino acids
  • 2. Transcription Cell Nucleus
  • 3. DNA code for 10 amino acids ATGTTACAGA GA ATTT GAG G TC AC GATG T A TACAATGTCT CT TAA A CT C C A GTGC TA C A T
  • 5. RNA Polymerase RNA Polymerase is unwinding the DNA strand
  • 6. Coding region TAC Starting codon RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA
  • 7. Coding region G U A RNA Polymerase reads DNA and creates the mRNA strand
  • 10. codon Termination sequence
  • 11. codon Termination sequence
  • 12. codon Termination sequence ATT RNA Polymerase hits the stop codon and releases mRNA
  • 13. mRNA strand AUG UUACAGA G AA U UUGAGG U C ACGA UG UA
  • 14. Cell Nucleus Nuclear Pore mRNA through nuclear pore mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm
  • 15. Translation Cell cytoplasm
  • 16. mRNA mRNA Ribosome rRNA forms the ribosome
  • 17. mRNA Start Codon: AUG mRNA binds to the ribosome
  • 18. mRNA UUA AUG UAC AAU tRNA-anti codon Met tRNA- amino acid Leu tRNA brings in the anti-codon
  • 19. mRNA UUA AUG AAU UAC Met Leu
  • 20. mRNA U U AC A G AUG A A UG U C Gln Leu Met Peptide bond Amindo acids attach with a peptide bond
  • 21. mRNA U U AC A G AUG GUC AGA UCU AAU Gln Leu Arg Met
  • 22. mRNA Stop codon UAA UGCGG U C ACGA U U U AC A G AUG AGA AUU UCU Asp His Gln STOP Arg Leu AUC Gly Met Cys Amino acids lle Ribosome hits the stop codon and completes the protein
  • 23. mRNA UAA UGCGG U C ACGA U U U AC A G AUG AGA Asp His Gln STOP Arg Leu Gly Met Cys lle Completed Protein
  • 24. SUMMARY Transcription: First, the RNA Polymerase binds and unwinds the DNA molecule. Second, RNA Polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA. The, RNA Polymerase reads DNA and create the mRNA strand. Next, RnNA Polymerase this stop the stop codon and releases the mRNA. Last, mRNA leavs the nucleus and enter the cytoplasm. Translation: First, rRNA formed the ribosome. Second, mRNA binds to the ribosome. Next, tRNA brings in the anti-codon. Then, amino acids attach to tRNA and then bind with a peptide bond. Last, the ribosomes hit the stop codon and complete the protein.