The document discusses plant growth and development. It describes how meristematic cells allow for growth and differentiation and how germination allows growth from a seed to a seedling. It outlines the main plant tissues - dermal, vascular, and ground tissues - and how they function. It also discusses the main plant systems and structures - roots, stems, leaves - and how they transport water and nutrients. It provides details on leaf structure and the process of photosynthesis.

1. Plants

2. Growth and Development
 Meristem:
Undifferentiated
cells that divide
and differentiate
rapidly.
 Germination:
Growth from a
seed to a seedling

3. Growth
 Growth Types  Growth in response
 Primary to a stimulus
 Secondary  Geotropism
 Phototropism

4. Tissues
 Dermal Tissue: offers protection and prevents
water loss
 Epidermis
 Vascular Tissue: transportation of materials
 Xylem and Phloem
 Ground Tissue: production and storage of sugars
 Parenchyma: versatile with varying functions
 Collenchyma: support structure
 Sclerenchyma: support structure, cells are dead

5. Systems
 Root
 Taproot vs fibrous
 Stem
 Herbaceous vs woody
 Leaves

6. Root Systems

7. Herbaceous vs Woody

8. Transport Tissues
Transports water up through
 Xylem:
the roots to other parts of the plant.
 Turgor Pressure
Transports sap from the
 Phloem:
photosynthetic parts of the plant
(leaves) to the rest of the plant.

9. Transporting Water
 Stomata-tiny openings
on the leaf that allow
gas exchange and
water loss
 Guard cells-open and
close stomata for the
sake of homeostasis
 Transpiration: water
lost through stomata
causes a difference in
pressure. This results in
water being “sucked
up” through the xylem.

10. Leaves
 Apex
 Veins
 Petiole
 Margin
 Sinus

11. Leaves
 Cuticle: Waxy coat on the outside of the
leaf
 Trichomes: Little “hairs” on the leaf

12. Leaves Continued
 Mesophyll-groundtissue in leaf. Where
most photosynthesis in plants takes place.
 Chlorophyll-pigment that causes green
coloration
 Chloroplasts-organelle unique to
photosynthetic organisms which allows
photosynthesis to occur

13. All Images
Courtesy of Wikipedia
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meristem
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germination
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_rings#Growth_rings
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_rings#Growth_rings
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrous_root_system
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrous_root_system
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbaceous_plant
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomata
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corn