Liliaceae
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The family Liliaceae has around 250 genera and 3700 species that are widely distributed. They are mostly perennial herbs with rhizomes or bulbs. Key characteristics include monocotyledon leaves that are thick, fleshy and parallel veins. Flowers are solitary with 6 petals and stamens. Fruits are capsules or berries. Many members contain beneficial alkaloids and oils. Aloe vera is a stemless succulent plant in the Liliaceae family. It has fleshy, thick leaves with serrated edges and small teeth. It is found in warm, dry climates worldwide. The leaves have 3 layers - a clear gel, bitter latex, and protective rind. Flowers are
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Liliaceae
This document provides information on four plants from the Lily family (Liliaceae): Colchicum, Aloe, Garlic. It describes their botanical origins, parts used, constituents, and medical uses. Colchicum contains alkaloids like colchicine used to treat gout and cancer. Aloe gel is used topically for burns and skin issues. Garlic contains volatile oils and is used for various conditions like asthma, cholesterol, infection. The document defines characteristics of Liliaceae plants and provides details on morphology and taxonomy.
Liliaceae
The document discusses the Liliaceae plant family, which includes 250 genera and 4000 species found worldwide, including 169 species in India. It describes key characteristics of the family such as herbaceous or woody habit, underground stems like rhizomes or bulbs, alternately arranged leaves, hypogynous flowers with trimerous perianth and androecium, and syncarpous gynoecium. Members of Liliaceae have economic importance as foods, medicines, fibers, resins, and ornamentals.
family liliaceae
1. The document summarizes the botanical characteristics of the plant family Liliaceae, including its diagnostic features, general characters, and important types such as Asphodelus tenuifolius and Allium cepa.
2. Key economic uses of Liliaceae plants are discussed, including as sources of food (onions, garlic, asparagus), medicine (aloe, smilax, colchicine), fibers (yucca, phormium tenax), resin (dracaena, xanthorrhoea), and ornamental plants (tulips, lilies, aloe).
3. In closing, the economic importance of Liliaceae is restated, with
Zingiberaceae
The document discusses the Zingiberaceae family of plants, which includes ginger and turmeric. It describes their characteristics such as aromatic rhizomes, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Ginger and turmeric are highlighted as examples. They are perennial herbs that grow in tropical regions. Both plants' dried rhizomes are used medicinally as analgesics, anti-inflammatories, and to treat various other conditions. The main active compounds in ginger are volatile oils and those in turmeric include curcuminoids which provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
CYPERACEAE AND POACEAE.pptx
The document summarizes the Cyperaceae and Poaceae families of monocotyledonous flowering plants. It describes their key characteristics such as stem structure, leaf and flower features. Both families are economically important, with Cyperaceae providing edible tubers and uses in medicine, and Poaceae being a major source of food grains as well as materials like paper, oils and sugars. The Poaceae family in particular includes important crops like wheat, rice, maize and sugarcane.
Rubiaceae
This document summarizes key information about the plant family Rubiaceae. It discusses the systematic position of Rubiaceae as a family within the order Rubiales. It then describes the worldwide distribution of Rubiaceae, noting it contains over 13,000 species found in most habitats. The document outlines common morphological features of Rubiaceae, including stipules, inferior ovaries, and animal-pollinated flowers. It provides examples of economic plants from Rubiaceae like coffee, cinchona, and Ixora species. The document concludes with a detailed description of floral characteristics of the ornamental shrub Ixora coccinea.
ppt on the family Rutaceae
Rutaceae
CITRUS OR RUE FAMILY
Climate
Citrus grow well in subtropical climates
They can even grow in deserts (Arizona)
Drought tolerant (similar needs to cactus)
Somewhat cold tolerant (can withstand some freezing)
Source of Medicine
Aegle mameoles is used as laxative & in treatment of Dysentry
Pilocarpus source of drug Pilocarpin usedto treat Glucomma.
Peganum hamala seeds give in treatment of Asthama.
Cusparia febrifuga bark is used in treatment of Malaria.
Murraya koeniigii used in treatment of intestinal disorders.
It contains many ornamental plants & some plants are used as contaminents.
Asteraceae family(Compositae)
ORDER ASTERALES
Family compositae (Asteraceae)
It is the largest family among angiosperms, containing about 1,620 genera and 23,600 species
Distributation
The member belonging to this family are found in everywhere on the surface of the earth (Cosmopolitan) in each possible type of habitat .Most of them are herbaceous but form tropical regions ,In Pakistan it is represented by many genera few are given as follows.
Scientific Name: Helianthus annus
Local Name: Surij Muki
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Helianthus tuberosus
Local Name: Hatichuk
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Carthanus tinctorius
Local Name: Kusum
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Carthamus oxycanthus
Local Name: Kantiari
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Aertmisia absinthium
Local Name: Vilaiti afsantin
Family: Asteraceae
etc .
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Liliaceae
This document provides information on four plants from the Lily family (Liliaceae): Colchicum, Aloe, Garlic. It describes their botanical origins, parts used, constituents, and medical uses. Colchicum contains alkaloids like colchicine used to treat gout and cancer. Aloe gel is used topically for burns and skin issues. Garlic contains volatile oils and is used for various conditions like asthma, cholesterol, infection. The document defines characteristics of Liliaceae plants and provides details on morphology and taxonomy.
Liliaceae
The document discusses the Liliaceae plant family, which includes 250 genera and 4000 species found worldwide, including 169 species in India. It describes key characteristics of the family such as herbaceous or woody habit, underground stems like rhizomes or bulbs, alternately arranged leaves, hypogynous flowers with trimerous perianth and androecium, and syncarpous gynoecium. Members of Liliaceae have economic importance as foods, medicines, fibers, resins, and ornamentals.
family liliaceae
1. The document summarizes the botanical characteristics of the plant family Liliaceae, including its diagnostic features, general characters, and important types such as Asphodelus tenuifolius and Allium cepa.
2. Key economic uses of Liliaceae plants are discussed, including as sources of food (onions, garlic, asparagus), medicine (aloe, smilax, colchicine), fibers (yucca, phormium tenax), resin (dracaena, xanthorrhoea), and ornamental plants (tulips, lilies, aloe).
3. In closing, the economic importance of Liliaceae is restated, with
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The document discusses the Zingiberaceae family of plants, which includes ginger and turmeric. It describes their characteristics such as aromatic rhizomes, leaves, flowers, and fruits. Ginger and turmeric are highlighted as examples. They are perennial herbs that grow in tropical regions. Both plants' dried rhizomes are used medicinally as analgesics, anti-inflammatories, and to treat various other conditions. The main active compounds in ginger are volatile oils and those in turmeric include curcuminoids which provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
CYPERACEAE AND POACEAE.pptx
The document summarizes the Cyperaceae and Poaceae families of monocotyledonous flowering plants. It describes their key characteristics such as stem structure, leaf and flower features. Both families are economically important, with Cyperaceae providing edible tubers and uses in medicine, and Poaceae being a major source of food grains as well as materials like paper, oils and sugars. The Poaceae family in particular includes important crops like wheat, rice, maize and sugarcane.
Rubiaceae
This document summarizes key information about the plant family Rubiaceae. It discusses the systematic position of Rubiaceae as a family within the order Rubiales. It then describes the worldwide distribution of Rubiaceae, noting it contains over 13,000 species found in most habitats. The document outlines common morphological features of Rubiaceae, including stipules, inferior ovaries, and animal-pollinated flowers. It provides examples of economic plants from Rubiaceae like coffee, cinchona, and Ixora species. The document concludes with a detailed description of floral characteristics of the ornamental shrub Ixora coccinea.
ppt on the family Rutaceae
Rutaceae
CITRUS OR RUE FAMILY
Climate
Citrus grow well in subtropical climates
They can even grow in deserts (Arizona)
Drought tolerant (similar needs to cactus)
Somewhat cold tolerant (can withstand some freezing)
Source of Medicine
Aegle mameoles is used as laxative & in treatment of Dysentry
Pilocarpus source of drug Pilocarpin usedto treat Glucomma.
Peganum hamala seeds give in treatment of Asthama.
Cusparia febrifuga bark is used in treatment of Malaria.
Murraya koeniigii used in treatment of intestinal disorders.
It contains many ornamental plants & some plants are used as contaminents.
Asteraceae family(Compositae)
ORDER ASTERALES
Family compositae (Asteraceae)
It is the largest family among angiosperms, containing about 1,620 genera and 23,600 species
Distributation
The member belonging to this family are found in everywhere on the surface of the earth (Cosmopolitan) in each possible type of habitat .Most of them are herbaceous but form tropical regions ,In Pakistan it is represented by many genera few are given as follows.
Scientific Name: Helianthus annus
Local Name: Surij Muki
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Helianthus tuberosus
Local Name: Hatichuk
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Carthanus tinctorius
Local Name: Kusum
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Carthamus oxycanthus
Local Name: Kantiari
Family: AsteraceaeScientific Name: Aertmisia absinthium
Local Name: Vilaiti afsantin
Family: Asteraceae
etc .
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Since the beginning of human civilization, plants have been one of the important sources of medicines. The demand for herbal medicines, health products, cosmetics etc continues to grow. Giloy is commonly known as Guduchi and is known for its immense use in traditional Ayurvedic literature for the treatment of various ailments. It is a popular herbal medicine found in tropical regions, used in the diet of various tribal peoples of India and part of traditional Indian cuisines. The compounds were isolated from Giloy, making the new formulation effective in eradicating the disease. Recently, the discovery of the active constituents of this plant and its biological functions in disease control has generated a great worldwide interest in this plant. This article summarizes the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of the different parts of Tinospora cordifolia. Ragini D. Patil | Swati S. Barve | Dhananjay S. Pachorkar | Jyoti R. Palde | Urmila D. Nikam "Tinospora Cordifolia: A Green Treasure" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd56201.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/medicine/ayurvedic/56201/tinospora-cordifolia-a-green-treasure/ragini-d-patil
Alkaloids containing drugs.pptx
This document provides information about the plant Rauwolfia serpentina. It discusses the synonyms, biological source, geographical source, history, cultivation, collection, macroscopic and microscopic characters, chemical constituents and uses of Rauwolfia serpentina. The key active constituents are indole alkaloids such as reserpine, rescinnamine, and deserpidine which are responsible for its hypotensive and tranquilizing effects used to treat anxiety, neuropsychiatric diseases, and hypertension.
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This document provides information on the neem tree (Azadirachta indica). It discusses the botanical details of the neem tree, describing that it is an evergreen tree that can reach 15-20 meters tall. It belongs to the mahogany family. The document also describes the macroscopic and microscopic features of the neem bark and leaves. It provides details on the main active chemical constituents of neem, including azadirachtin, nimbin, and others. The uses of neem in herbal medicine are outlined, such as for treating acne, fever, and as an anthelmintic, antibacterial, and contraceptive.
Alkaloids vinca,rauwolfia,belladona,opium
Swathi Gariganti is an assistant professor at Sree Dattha Institute of Pharmacy who teaches subjects related to pharmacognosy and phytochemistry. This document provides details about the plant Catharanthus roseus including its synonyms, biological source, geographical source, history of use, cultivation and collection methods, macroscopic and microscopic characters, chemical constituents, uses, and dose. It also summarizes information on the cultivation, collection, and chemical constituents of Rauwolfia serpentina.
Ppt on eng - Herbal Plants
English ppt on herbal plants.
this one z made by
students of Sunshine International School
class 10 - A
group Members
1. Myself (Hima)
2.Merin
3.Jasmine
4.abra
5.arooj
6.christina
thanks...
hope u ll enjoy
let me know wat d u think abt dis ppt....
IJTK 3(3) 257-270(1)
This document provides a review of the plant Tinospora cordifolia, commonly known as Guduchi or Amrita. It is an important medicinal plant in Ayurveda used to treat diseases like jaundice, fever, diabetes, and skin diseases. The review summarizes the plant's botanical description and pharmacognostical characteristics. It also discusses its traditional uses in Ayurveda and other Indian systems of medicine to treat various conditions. Further, it outlines some of the active chemical constituents that have been identified in the plant and its pharmacological activities that have been investigated.
Pharmacognosy Leguminosae family
This document provides information on the Leguminosae family and some of its crude drugs. It begins with an overview of the family, including its scientific classification, geographical distribution, morphological features, and subfamilies. It then discusses five crude drugs from the family: Cassia, Senna, Acacia, Tamarind, and Glycyrrhiza. For each drug, it provides the botanical origin, parts used, chemical constituents, uses, and other relevant details. The document concludes with references used to compile the information presented.
18 bauhinia variegata linn(koiralo)
Medicinal value of plant Bauhinia variegata Linn including its nomenclature, habit and habitat, cultivation and collection, Macro and Microscopic characteristics, phytochemical constituents and its pharmacological action.
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This document provides information about the floral biology of sweet potato. It begins with identifying the botanical name as Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam and notes that it is a hexaploid plant originating in South America that is pollinated via cross-pollination. It then discusses taxonomic classification, morphological features of the plant such as leaves and flowers, nutritional value, uses, and ideal climate and soil conditions for cultivation.
EPHEDRA
Ephedra is an evergreen shrub native to central Asia and parts of North America. It has woody stems that resemble Equisetum and perform photosynthesis. Ephedra contains ephedrine, an alkaloid used to treat asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory illnesses. It has a taproot system and scale-like leaves arranged in opposite pairs. Ephedra is distributed in dry regions and exhibits xerophytic adaptations like thick cuticles and sunken stomata.
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This document provides information about the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family and some crude drugs obtained from plants in this family. It discusses:
- The Fabaceae family is one of the largest plant families, including trees, shrubs, herbs and climbers. It is divided into 3 subfamilies.
- Cassia, senna, and acacia are some crude drugs obtained from plants in the Fabaceae family. Cassia is obtained from Cinnamomum cassia and is used to treat diabetes. Senna is obtained from leaves and used as a laxative. Acacia gum comes from various Acacia species and is used in medicines, baking, and woodwork
Herbs 2019
The document discusses herbs and their classification. It describes herbs as plants whose stems do not become woody and permanent. Herbs are classified based on their life duration as annual, biennial, or perennial. The document then focuses on the macroscopic and microscopic structures of herbaceous stems, including their shape, surface features, types of vascular bundles, and commercial medicinal herbs like Lobelia, Hyoscyamus, Mentha, and Thyme.
Herbarium of Africa
This document provides information on several plants from the herbarium of Africa, including their scientific classification, characteristics, parts used, and medicinal uses. It describes Buchu (Agathosma), Amaranthus dubius, Centella asiatica, Asystasia gangetica, and Chenopodium album. Each entry includes the plant's kingdom, divisions, classes, orders, families, genera, and species. It also lists key physical attributes and biological parts harvested for traditional medicine, along with common ailments treated.
fyqa qamar
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Liliaceae
- 2. Key characteristics of family Liliaceae: Widely distributed family of about 250 genera and 3700 species. Liliaceae are monocotyledon and mostly perennial herbs with rhizomes or bulbs Leaves are thick, fleshy, long & thin parallel, perennial Flowers are racemose solitary with 6 petals, 6 stamens, superior ovary with numerous ovules. Fruit is capsule or berry. Many members of the family contain alkaloids. Some volatile oils of the family have antimicrobial properties
- 4. ALOE Botanical Name: Aloe vera Synonyms: Aloe barabadensis, A. indica, A. flava pers Common Name: Aloe, Ghrita Kumari (Sanskrit), Gheu Kumari (Nepali), Parts used: Leaves
- 5. Key Characteristics of Aloe: Stemless succulent plant growing to 60-100 cm. Margin of leaf are serrated and has small white teeth and leaves are fleshy, thick, green.
- 6. Classification of Aloe Kingdom: Plantae Sub Kingdom: Angiosperm Division: Monocotyledon Order: Liliales Family: Liliaceae Genus: Aloe Species: A. vera
- 7. Habit, Habitat and Distribution: o Aloe vera plants are xerophytic plants relatively grown in warm and dry climates. o Aloe are cosmopolitan in distribution; they grow in many parts of the world. o They can grow to height up to 3-5m. o They grow well in drained, sandy, slightly acidic soil on steepy rock. o Aloe vera is usually found in tropical and sub-tropical zone in an altitude up to 1000m-2000m.
- 8. Morphological Characteristics: 1. Plants of Aloe vera: • Contains very short, hard, visible fibrous stem. • Covered with dense leaves and partially buried in soil.
- 9. Fig: Morphological Parts of Aloe Vera
- 10. 2. Leaf: Leaves are thick, long, parallel, fleshy, grayish green color. Contains waxy coating on the surface, equity succulent, sap or mucus dominate. Yong leaves are sapling spots pale green to white. Patches loss as they grow up (matured) Matured leaves contains tiny teeth like margin.
- 12. 3. Flower: Trumpet shaped flower or small tube 2-3 cm long. Flowers are yellow orange in color composed of little dangling end of shaft encircling the towering up over about 50-100 cm.
- 13. 4. Root: Has very short root system. Contains fibrous root. Can reach up to 30-40 cm in length.
- 14. Anatomy: The plant has triangular leaves with serrated edge, yellow, tubular, flower and fruits contains numerous seed. Each leaf is composed of three layers.... ① Inner clear gel contains 95% water and rest is made up of amino acids, lipids sterols, glucomannans and vitamins. ② Middle layer of latex is bitter yellow sap which contains Anthraquionens and glycosides. ③ Outer layer of 15-20 cells called as rind which has protective functions and synthesize carbohydrate and proteins. Inside rinds are useful for transportation of water (xylem) and starch (phloem)
- 15. Transverse section near the margin of an Aloe leaf. Layers of Aloe Vera Leaf
- 16. Important chemical constituents or active compounds: Aloe vera contains 75 potentially active constituents among them some are discussed as;
- 17. 1. Vitamin: Contains vitamin A (β carotene) C and E which are anti oxidant.
- 18. 2. Enzyme: Contains 8 enzymes i.e. aliizye, alkaline phosphate, amylase bradykinase, carboxypeptidase, catalase, cellulose, lipase and peroxidase. 3. Minerals: Provides calcium, chromium, copper, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc. 4. Sugar: Provides mono saccharides (Glucose & Fructose) & polysaccharides is glucomannans. 5. Anthraquionens: Phenolic in component traditionally known as laxative. 6. Fatty acids: Steroids, cholesterols, campesterol, β- sisosterol & lupeol are used as anti-septic action. 7. Hormone: Auxin & gibberellins are found. Helps in wound healing and anti inflammatory agent.
- 19. Structures:
- 20. Medicinal uses and Pharmaceutical Activities: i. Vitamins like A, C, E are found in aloe and acts as anti-oxidants. ii. Enzymes (carboxypeptidase, catalase cellulose, lipase) helps to reduce excessive inflammation when applied to skin. iii. Minerals helps in proper functioning of various enzyme system in metabolic pathway and few are anti oxidant. iv. Anthraquionens acts as anti bacterial and anti viral. v. Auxins & gibberellins helps in wound healing and have anti inflammatory actions.
- 21. ‘Comparative study of vegetative morphols and existing taxonomic study of Aloe vera L’. Journal of plant science 2. ab “aloe vera, African flowering plant data base” conservatoire et Jardin botanique de la ville de Geneve Retrieved 2000-6-20. “Xerophyte” Dictionary of Botany 2001 onward retrieved 2012-9-23. Wikipedia (updated), Aloe vera, Available: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/aloe vera KOKATE E.K (1996), Text Book of Pharmacognosy, Nirali Prakashan, 39th edition, Delhi. Google (updated), About Aloe Vera, Available: wwwgoogle.com/about aloe vera [25/01/2014]
- 22. Any questions???
- 23. Thank you…