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EXTERN’S CONFERENCE
Ext.ISSAREE PRUKVIWAT
RAMATHIBODI HOSPITAL
HISTORY
ผู้ป่ วยหญิงไทย อายุ 81 ปี ภูมิลาเนา อาเภอเมือง จ.นครราชสีมา
CC: ล ้มสะโพกขวากระแทกพื้น
5 วันก่อนมารพ
PRESENT ILLNESS
 5 วัน ก่อนมารพ. ขณะญาติพยุงเข ้าห ้องน้า ผู้ป่ วยล ้มสะโพกขวา
กระแทกพื้น ไม่มีศีรษะกระแทกพื้น ไม่มีหน้ามืด ไม่สลบ หลังจาก
นั้นผู้ป่ วยมีอาการเจ็บสะโพกด ้านขวา ไม่ร ้าวไปไหน ไม่ยอมเดินลง
น้าหนักอีก ญาติจึงพามารพ.
 1 เดือนก่อน ผู้ป่ วยมีประวัติตกเตียง dx: Rt. radial styloid
fracture on Rt. AP slab
 U/D : old CVA, paroxysmal AF on anticoagulant, HT, gout
 Status เดิม อ่อนแรงซีกขวา เดินได ้ต ้องให ้ญาติช่วยพยุง
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
 V/S: BP 130/74 mmHg, PR 88 bpm, T 36ºc, RR
18/min
 GA: A Thai eldery woman, good consciousness,
well co-cooperative
 HEENT: not pale, no jaundice
 CVS: full, regular pulses, normal S1S2, no murmur
 Lungs: clear, equal breath sound both lungs
 Abdomen: soft, not tender
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
 Extremities
Position - hip: flexion, abduction and external rotation
- knee: flexion
No redness, no ecchymosis, no swelling, no open wound of Rt.hip
Marked Tenderness at Rt. Hip, no tenderness at knee and ankle
Limitation of both active and passive ROM of Rt. Hip due to pain
Motor power: hip and knee joint can’t evaluate due to pain,
ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion grade 5/5
Sensory: intact pinprick sensation
Popliteal a., PTA,DPA 2+ all
INVESTIGATION
 Film pelvis AP
 Film Rt. femur AP, Lateral
FEMORAL NECK
FRACTURE
FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE
 Mechanism: high energy in young patients, low energy falls in older patients
 Associated injury: femoral shaft fracture
 Presentation Symptoms
 impacted fractures
 pain at the groin or pain referred along the medial side of the thigh and
knee, antalgic gait
 displaced fractures
 pain in the entire hip region, can’t walk
 Physical examination
 impacted fractures
 no obvious deformity
 minor discomfort with active or passive hip range of motion, muscle spasms
at extremes of motion
 pain with percussion over greater trochanter
 displaced fractures
 leg in external rotation and abduction, with shortening
FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE
Sign in plain Radiolographs
 Shenton’s line disruption
 lesser trochanter is more prominent due to external rotation of femur
 asymmetry of lateral femoral neck/head
Management
CONSERVATIVE
OR
SURGERY?
MANAGEMENT
 Conservative treatment only in some patients who are non-
ambulators, and who are at high risk for surgical intervention
 Surgery
ORIF:displaced fractures in young patient<65 years old
 cannulated screw fixation:displaced transcervical fx
(midportion of femoral neck) in young patient
 sliding hip screw:basicervical fracture(base of femoral neck) ,
vertical fracture pattern in a young patient
HIP ARTHROPLASTY
 Hemiarthroplasty:debilitated elderly patients
 total hip arthroplasty:older active patients, preexisting hip
osteoarthritis more predictable pain relief and better
functional outcome
COMPLICATIONS
 Osteonecrosis
• 10-45%
• increase risk in initail dislocation, non anatomical
reduction
 Non union
 Dislocation
 Surgical failure
Externs conference Ext อิสสรีย์ พฤกษวิวัฒน์ รามา

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Externs conference Ext อิสสรีย์ พฤกษวิวัฒน์ รามา

  • 2. HISTORY ผู้ป่ วยหญิงไทย อายุ 81 ปี ภูมิลาเนา อาเภอเมือง จ.นครราชสีมา CC: ล ้มสะโพกขวากระแทกพื้น 5 วันก่อนมารพ
  • 3. PRESENT ILLNESS  5 วัน ก่อนมารพ. ขณะญาติพยุงเข ้าห ้องน้า ผู้ป่ วยล ้มสะโพกขวา กระแทกพื้น ไม่มีศีรษะกระแทกพื้น ไม่มีหน้ามืด ไม่สลบ หลังจาก นั้นผู้ป่ วยมีอาการเจ็บสะโพกด ้านขวา ไม่ร ้าวไปไหน ไม่ยอมเดินลง น้าหนักอีก ญาติจึงพามารพ.  1 เดือนก่อน ผู้ป่ วยมีประวัติตกเตียง dx: Rt. radial styloid fracture on Rt. AP slab  U/D : old CVA, paroxysmal AF on anticoagulant, HT, gout  Status เดิม อ่อนแรงซีกขวา เดินได ้ต ้องให ้ญาติช่วยพยุง
  • 4. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION  V/S: BP 130/74 mmHg, PR 88 bpm, T 36ºc, RR 18/min  GA: A Thai eldery woman, good consciousness, well co-cooperative  HEENT: not pale, no jaundice  CVS: full, regular pulses, normal S1S2, no murmur  Lungs: clear, equal breath sound both lungs  Abdomen: soft, not tender
  • 5. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION  Extremities Position - hip: flexion, abduction and external rotation - knee: flexion No redness, no ecchymosis, no swelling, no open wound of Rt.hip Marked Tenderness at Rt. Hip, no tenderness at knee and ankle Limitation of both active and passive ROM of Rt. Hip due to pain Motor power: hip and knee joint can’t evaluate due to pain, ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion grade 5/5 Sensory: intact pinprick sensation Popliteal a., PTA,DPA 2+ all
  • 6. INVESTIGATION  Film pelvis AP  Film Rt. femur AP, Lateral
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 10. FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE  Mechanism: high energy in young patients, low energy falls in older patients  Associated injury: femoral shaft fracture  Presentation Symptoms  impacted fractures  pain at the groin or pain referred along the medial side of the thigh and knee, antalgic gait  displaced fractures  pain in the entire hip region, can’t walk  Physical examination  impacted fractures  no obvious deformity  minor discomfort with active or passive hip range of motion, muscle spasms at extremes of motion  pain with percussion over greater trochanter  displaced fractures  leg in external rotation and abduction, with shortening
  • 12. Sign in plain Radiolographs  Shenton’s line disruption  lesser trochanter is more prominent due to external rotation of femur  asymmetry of lateral femoral neck/head
  • 13.
  • 15. MANAGEMENT  Conservative treatment only in some patients who are non- ambulators, and who are at high risk for surgical intervention  Surgery ORIF:displaced fractures in young patient<65 years old  cannulated screw fixation:displaced transcervical fx (midportion of femoral neck) in young patient  sliding hip screw:basicervical fracture(base of femoral neck) , vertical fracture pattern in a young patient HIP ARTHROPLASTY  Hemiarthroplasty:debilitated elderly patients  total hip arthroplasty:older active patients, preexisting hip osteoarthritis more predictable pain relief and better functional outcome
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19. COMPLICATIONS  Osteonecrosis • 10-45% • increase risk in initail dislocation, non anatomical reduction  Non union  Dislocation  Surgical failure