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Orthopedic Conference
26 May 2017
Extern Jekita Maneekul
Case History
• ผู้ป่วยหญิง อายุ 52 ปี
• CC : ปวดเข่าขวา 3วัน ก่อนมาโรงพยาบาล
• PI : 3 วัน ก่อนมาโรงพยาบาล (วันที่ 12/05/2560 เวลา 14.00 น.) เดินสะดุดล้ม
เอง ขาขวากระแทกพื้น ไม่สลบ มีอาการปวดบริเวณเข่าขวาทันที ร่วมกับมีอาการ
บวม
4 ชั่วโมง ก่อนมา รพ. อาการปวดเข่าไม่ดีขึ้น ญาติจึงนาส่งโรงพยาบาล
• PH : มีโรคประจาตัว คือ เบาหวาน,ความดันโลหิตสูง (รับยาประจาที่ รพสต.)
ไม่มีแพ้ยา/แพ้อาหาร
• SH: ปฏิเสธประวัติดื่มสุราและสูบบุหรี่
Primary Survey
• A: Patient can talk, no c-spine tenderness
• B: equal both lung , no adventitious sound
• C: BP 150/76 mmHg, PR 90 /min, no active
bleeding, pulse 2+ all extremities
• D: E4V5M6, pupil 3 mm RTLBE
• E: Rt.knee tenderness and swelling , limit ROM due
to pain
Secondary survey
• A : no drug/food allergy
• M : Current medication Amlodipine,
metformin
• P : u/d DM, HT , no previous surgical history
• L : 3 hrs PTA
• E : as in present illness
Physical examination
• Rt.knee tenderness (Lateral > medial )
,swelling ,limit ROM due to pain, DPA
2+,PTA2+
Investigation
• Rt. Knee (AP, LAT)
Diagnosis
• Closed fracture Rt. Tibial plateau
Community Hospital Management
• On long leg slab
• Pain control
• Refer to Trauma and Orthopedic center
Film Rt. Knee (AP, LAT) s/p long leg slab
Fracture tibial plateau
Mechanism
• varus/valgus load with or without axial load
• high energy
frequently associated with soft tissue injuries
• low energy
usually insufficiency fractures
Fracture tibial plateau
Fracture tibial plateau
History
• high-energy trauma in young patients
• low-energy falls in elderly
Physical examination
inspection
• look circumferentially to rule-out an open injury
palpation
• consider compartment syndrome when compartments are firm and
not compressible
• varus/valgus stress testing ,any laxity >10 degrees indicates
instability
often difficult to perform given pain
neurovascular exam
• any differences in pulse exam between extremities should be
further investigated with anke-brachial index measurement
Investigation
• Radiographs
– recommended views
• AP, lateral, oblique
– oblique is helpful to determine amount of depression
– optional views
• plateau view
• CT scan
– important to identify articular depression and comminution
– findings
• lipohemarthrosis indicates an occult fracture
• fracture fragment orientation and surgical planning
Fracture tibial plateau
• Treatment
operative
Non-
operative
Indication for operative treatment
Fracture not stable : varus,vagus instability
Displaced fracture of medial condyle
Lateral condyle displace > 5 mm, step off> 3 mm
Open fracture
Ipsilateral leg fracture
Complication of fracture tibial plateau
Associated injury
:meniscus,ligament
Vascular injury : posterior
tibial artery, popliteal artery
Compartment syndrome
In This Patient
• Observe vascular injury 72 hr
– Admit trauma , observe ABI q 12 hr
– ABI index = 1.0
• Pain control
• PT for ambulation (Non weight bearing) and
strenghtening exercise
• Operative treament : ORIF with P&S
Reference
• Rockwood and Green’s fracture in adults. 8th
edition
• http://ortho.md.chula.ac.th/student/tibial-
p.html
• http://www.orthobullets.com/trauma/1044/ti
bial-plateau-fractures
• http://www.bonetalks.com/kneeplateau/

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Orthopedic conference jekita

  • 1. Orthopedic Conference 26 May 2017 Extern Jekita Maneekul
  • 2. Case History • ผู้ป่วยหญิง อายุ 52 ปี • CC : ปวดเข่าขวา 3วัน ก่อนมาโรงพยาบาล • PI : 3 วัน ก่อนมาโรงพยาบาล (วันที่ 12/05/2560 เวลา 14.00 น.) เดินสะดุดล้ม เอง ขาขวากระแทกพื้น ไม่สลบ มีอาการปวดบริเวณเข่าขวาทันที ร่วมกับมีอาการ บวม 4 ชั่วโมง ก่อนมา รพ. อาการปวดเข่าไม่ดีขึ้น ญาติจึงนาส่งโรงพยาบาล • PH : มีโรคประจาตัว คือ เบาหวาน,ความดันโลหิตสูง (รับยาประจาที่ รพสต.) ไม่มีแพ้ยา/แพ้อาหาร • SH: ปฏิเสธประวัติดื่มสุราและสูบบุหรี่
  • 3. Primary Survey • A: Patient can talk, no c-spine tenderness • B: equal both lung , no adventitious sound • C: BP 150/76 mmHg, PR 90 /min, no active bleeding, pulse 2+ all extremities • D: E4V5M6, pupil 3 mm RTLBE • E: Rt.knee tenderness and swelling , limit ROM due to pain
  • 4. Secondary survey • A : no drug/food allergy • M : Current medication Amlodipine, metformin • P : u/d DM, HT , no previous surgical history • L : 3 hrs PTA • E : as in present illness
  • 5. Physical examination • Rt.knee tenderness (Lateral > medial ) ,swelling ,limit ROM due to pain, DPA 2+,PTA2+
  • 7.
  • 8. Diagnosis • Closed fracture Rt. Tibial plateau
  • 9. Community Hospital Management • On long leg slab • Pain control • Refer to Trauma and Orthopedic center
  • 10. Film Rt. Knee (AP, LAT) s/p long leg slab
  • 11. Fracture tibial plateau Mechanism • varus/valgus load with or without axial load • high energy frequently associated with soft tissue injuries • low energy usually insufficiency fractures
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Fracture tibial plateau History • high-energy trauma in young patients • low-energy falls in elderly
  • 16. Physical examination inspection • look circumferentially to rule-out an open injury palpation • consider compartment syndrome when compartments are firm and not compressible • varus/valgus stress testing ,any laxity >10 degrees indicates instability often difficult to perform given pain neurovascular exam • any differences in pulse exam between extremities should be further investigated with anke-brachial index measurement
  • 17. Investigation • Radiographs – recommended views • AP, lateral, oblique – oblique is helpful to determine amount of depression – optional views • plateau view • CT scan – important to identify articular depression and comminution – findings • lipohemarthrosis indicates an occult fracture • fracture fragment orientation and surgical planning
  • 18. Fracture tibial plateau • Treatment operative Non- operative
  • 19. Indication for operative treatment Fracture not stable : varus,vagus instability Displaced fracture of medial condyle Lateral condyle displace > 5 mm, step off> 3 mm Open fracture Ipsilateral leg fracture
  • 20. Complication of fracture tibial plateau Associated injury :meniscus,ligament Vascular injury : posterior tibial artery, popliteal artery Compartment syndrome
  • 21. In This Patient • Observe vascular injury 72 hr – Admit trauma , observe ABI q 12 hr – ABI index = 1.0 • Pain control • PT for ambulation (Non weight bearing) and strenghtening exercise • Operative treament : ORIF with P&S
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24. Reference • Rockwood and Green’s fracture in adults. 8th edition • http://ortho.md.chula.ac.th/student/tibial- p.html • http://www.orthobullets.com/trauma/1044/ti bial-plateau-fractures • http://www.bonetalks.com/kneeplateau/