Lumbar spinal canal stenosis is one of the difficult topic of spine. All the information are taken from Campbell's operative orthopedics Thirteen edition and from internet. I also took help from the lectures of renowned orthopedics professors of Bangladesh.
Patellofemoral Pain
Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is a common musculoskeletal related condition that is characterized by insidious onset of poorly defined pain, localized to the anterior retro patellar and/or peripatellar region of the knee.
An overuse injury in sports medicine.
Commonly known as “runner’s knee.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
3. Primary Survey
• A: able to talk, no cervical tenderness, full ROM of neck
• B: clear, equal breath sound, CCT –ve
• C: PR 120/min, BP110/66mmHg, no external bleeding
• D: E4V5M6, pupil 2mm RTLBE
• E: no back wound, right ankle deformity, marked tenderness and
swelling
4. Secondary Survey
• A: no food/drug allergy
• B: no current medication
• P: no known underlying disease
• L: last meal 10:00 AM
• E: 2 ชม PTA ขณะกาลังหัดขับรถจักรยานยนต์ ขับรถล้มเอง ศรีษะไม่กระแทก ไม่สลบ จาเหตุการณ์ได้
ไม่คลื่นใส้อาเจียน รถทับขา ข้อเท้าขวาปวด บวม ลงน้าหนักไม่ได้ ไม่มีแผล
5. PE
• GA: alert, good consciousness
• HEENT: not pale conjunctivae, anictericsclerae
• Heart: normal s1s2, no murmur
• Lungs: clear, equal breath sound
• Abdomen: soft, not tender, no rebound, no guarding
• Ext: deformity, swelling, tenderness right ankle, limited ROM
due to pain, DPA 2+, cap refill <2 sec, normal sensation,
no external wound
11. Radiologic Finding
• Close transverse fracture right distal tibia with minimal displacement
• Close multifragmentary fracture right distal fibula with displacement
17. T i b i a a n d F i b u l a f r a c t u r e
G E N E R A L K N O W L E D G E
17
Ext Chaiwat Limthongsittikhun
Ext Nunchaya Roongsrisawad
18. Tibia and Fibula shaft fracture
• Low energy
• Common > 50 years old
• Mechanism - Fall from height, sporting injury
• High energy
• Common <30 years old
• Mechanism – vehicular trauma
19. • 70% : isolated pediatric tibial fracture
• <11 years old : torsional force , location - distal 3rd of tibial diaphysis
• Isolated transverse or comminuted fracture : direct trauma
• Intact fibula prevent shortening of tibia
• 60 % develop varus angulation within 1st 2 weeks of injury
Tibia and Fibula shaft fracture
• 30% : associated with fibula fracture
• Valgus malalignment
• Isolated fibula shaft fracture : rare in children
• Resulted from direct blow to lateral aspect of leg
• None displace fracture : supportive care
26. Distal tibia metaphysis fracture
• Often greenstick injury : “Robert Gillespie fracture”
• Mechanism : Increase compressive force along anterior tibial cortex
(axial load on dorsiflex foot)
• Posterior cortex is usually displaced, Periosteum is usually torn
• Common : valgus and recurvatum deformity
27. Sign and Symptoms
• Pain
• Swelling
• Tenderness
• Deformity
• Refuse to ambulate
• Palpable bony prominent
• Rare neurovascular impairment (except in fibula neck fracture)
29. Treatment
• Cast immobilization
• Metaphysis (non displaced)
• Long or short leg cast with moderate plantar flexion
-> return to neutral position after 3-4 weeks with short leg walking cast
• Operative treatment
• Metaphysis (unstable displaced)
• Close reduction with percutaneous pinning
• ORIF if associated with fibula fracture
30. Treatment
• Cast immobilization
• Diaphysis (stable)
• Close reduction
• short leg cast with varus or valgus mold
• Diaphysis (unstable)
• Bent-knee long leg cast
• Plantar flexion (20 degree in middle, distal 3rd ; 10 degree proximal 3rd )
