This document discusses morphology and morphemes in the English language. It defines morphology as the study of forms and morphemes as the smallest units of meaning in a language. There are two types of morphemes: free morphemes, which can stand alone as words, and bound morphemes, which cannot stand alone and include prefixes, suffixes, and infixes. Morphemes are further classified as lexical, carrying the content of language, or functional, including conjunctions and prepositions. Bound morphemes are divided into derivational, which change word categories, and inflectional, which indicate grammatical functions like number, tense, and comparison.

1. ENGLISH VOCABULARY
AND BASIC GRAMMAR
TEACHING
Through
Morphologic
al awareness

2. WHAT IS MORPHOLOGY ?
 Literally means , The study of forms
 it is used to describe that type of investigation which describes all
those basic “ELEMENTS ” which are used in Language.
WHAT IS MORPHEME ?
Just like House is formed of walls in the same way
Language is formed of sentences , which comprises of
Words and if we focus on the words we can further
Divide them in to meaningful distinguishing units
Known as MORPHEMES

3. EXAMPLES
 The NAB Reopened the Hudabia Paper MILL reference.
Re-open-ed
(meaning)
(minimal (grammatical function (indicating past
tense).
Unit of meaning). Similarly, tourists.
tour – ist- s , and
many more

4. MAJOR CATEGORIES AND TYPES
OF MORPHEMES
 Free Morphemes: These are basic words forms , which can stand
alone have a well defined meaning ,For example , open , tour , help,
book , eat , jump etc
 Bound Morphemes : Which can not stand alone and are meaningless
if used alone.
For example:
re- , -ist , -ed , -s , etc

5. ALL AFFIXES(
PREFIXES,INFIXES,SUFIXES) ARE
BOUND MORPHEMES IN ENGLISH.
For example;
Care-less-ness
(Free) (bound)
(bound)

6. CLASSIFICATION OF MORPHEMES
Lexical
Free
Morphemes
Functional
Derivational
Bound
Inflectional

7. LEXICAL MORPHEMES
 These are words which carry the “CONTENT” of the message we convey.
 These are generally , NOUNS, ADJECTIVES, VERBS,
 Like , Boy, man , house, tiger are nouns
 Sad , long , yellow , sincere are adjectives
 open , look , follow, break are verb .

8. FUNCTIONAL MORPHEMES
 These are the functional words in the language such as
 Conjunctions: and , but, when ,
because,
 prepositions : on, near, above, in
 Article: The , that , it , etc.

9. BOUND MORPHEMES(
DERIVATIONAL AND INFLECTIONAL
(A). DERIVATIONAL MORPHEMES: These are used to make new words
in the English language and are often used to make words of a
different grammatical Category from the stem ( Root word)
 FOR EXAMPLE
 Good Goodness
(adjective) (noun)
 Care Careless
(Noun) (adjective),,,, List of derivational
morphemes, -is, -ly, - -
ment, etc.

11. INFLECTIONAL MORPHEMES
 These morphemes are used to indicate aspects of the grammatical
function of a word
 FOR EXAMPEL, to tell if a word is PLURAL/SINGULAR
 PAST TENSE OR NOT
 COMPARITIVE/POSSESIVE
 English language has only eight inflectional morphemes form
example.
Sister-s , Like-s, Laugh-ing, Lik-ed , tak- en , Loud-est, etc.
 ALL INFLECTIONAL MORPHEMES ARE SUFFIXES.
(Noun+ -S , ( Verb+-S , -ing , -ed, -en, ( ADJECTIVE+ -est, -er .

13. THANK YOU SO
MUCH FOR PAYING ATTENTION
AND PARTICIPATING IN THE ACTIVITIES