The document discusses morphology, which is the study of how words are formed from morphemes. It defines a morpheme as the smallest unit of language that carries meaning. There are two basic types of morphemes: free morphemes, which can stand alone as words, and bound morphemes, which must be attached to other morphemes. Free morphemes are further divided into lexical morphemes (content words) and functional morphemes (function words). Bound morphemes are divided into derivational morphemes, which can change a word's syntactic class, and inflectional morphemes, which express different forms of the same word.

1. Morphology in linguistic
Prepared by : Munsif siyyal
Roll no : 2013-M.A-ELT-35
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2. Morphology
I. Introduction of the Morphology
II. Types of Morpheme
III. Summary
IV. The end
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3. Introduction
Morphology:
 The study of the structure of words & how words
are formed (from morphemes)
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4. Morpheme
 Morpheme:
 The smallest unit of language that carries meaning (maybe a word or
not a word)
 A sound-meaning unit
 A minimal unit of meaning or grammatical function
 The level of language at which sound and meaning combine

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5. Types of morpheme
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6. Basic types of morpheme
Free & bound morpheme
 Free morpheme
 lexical & functional morpheme
 can occur by itself, not attached to other morphemes
 Examples: girl, teach, book, class, the, of, etc.
 Two kinds
 1) lexical morpheme (open class)
 N, Verb, Adj, Adv (content words)
 2) functional morpheme (closed class)
 Pro, Prep, Conj, Art. (function words)
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7. continue…….
 Bound morpheme :
 Must be attached to another morpheme
 Two kinds
 1) Derivational morpheme: may change syntactic class
examples: -able, un-, re-, etc.
2) Inflectional morpheme:
Different forms of the same word
Only 8 kinds in English: -’s, -s (plural nouns), -ing, -ed/-en, -est, -er, -s
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8. Summary
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9. The End
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10. The End
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