Eicosanoids are oxygenation products of arachidonic acid (AA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid found in animal and plant cell membranes. AA is released from membranes by phospholipase A2 and metabolized via either the cyclooxygenase pathway to form prostaglandins, prostacyclin, and thromboxanes, or the lipoxygenase pathway to form leukotrienes. These eicosanoids are involved in various physiological functions including inflammation, smooth muscle tone, blood coagulation, reproduction, and GI secretion. Clinical applications of prostaglandins include female and male reproductive health, inflammation and immunity, gastrointestinal, respiratory, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, ocular health, and cancer.

2. ECOSANIODS
Prostaglandins & Leukotrienes
DR MUSTANSAR

3. Introduction
• Eicosanoids (20 carbons) are found in the animal
kingdom and a variety of plants.
• The eicosanoids are oxygenation products of
acid arachidonic (AA) polyunsaturated fatty acid.
• Acid arachidonic is released from membrane by
phospholipase A2 (PLA2).

6. Functions
• Inflammation
• Smooth muscle tone
• Blood coagulation
• Reproduction
• GI secretion

8. Pathways of arachidonic acid (AA) release and
metabolism.

9. .
.
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
ARACHIDONIC
ACID
PG G2
PGH2
PG I2
LT A4
THROMBOXANE
A2
PGE2
PG D2
PG F2
LT C4
LT D4
LT B4
PHOSPHOLIPASE A2
5 LIPOOXYGENASECYCLOOXYGENASE
ISOMERASE
PROSTACYCLINE SYNTHASE
THROMBOXANE SYNTHASE
SYNTHESIS

10. . PHOSPHOLIPI
DS
ARACHIDONIC
ACID
PG G2
PGH2
PG I2
LT A4
THROMBOXA
NE A2
PGE2 ,PG
D2 ,PG
F2
LT C4
LT D4
LT B4
PHOSPHOLIPASE A2
5 LIPOOXYGENASECYCLOOXYGENASE
STEROIDS
ZILEUTONNSAIDS

30. Clinical Application PROSTGLADINS
– Female Reproductive Organ
– Male Reproductive System
– Inflammation & Immunity
– Gastrointestinal Tract
– Respiratory System
– Musculo skeletal
– Cardiovascular
– Glaucoma
– Kidney
– Cancer

32. Summary of uses
Use Preparation
Abortion PgE1
Cervical ripening PgE1 / E2
Peptic ulcer PgE1
Glaucoma PgE1-Latanoprost
PPH PgI2
PDA PgE1

33. ADR
•Vomiting,Diarrhoea,Abdominal
cramps
•Uterine cramps
•Bronchospasm