The document provides an overview of concrete construction, including:
1) The key ingredients of concrete are cement, aggregate, and water. Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension.
2) Reinforcing steel, such as rebar, is often added to concrete to improve its tensile strength. Concrete properties and costs are influenced by factors like cement content, water-cement ratio, and formwork complexity.
3) Concrete placement and finishing methods have advanced with new technologies like pumps, conveyors, and laser screeds, but hand placement is still common. Proper consolidation and construction joints are important to avoid defects.
Joints are easy to maintain and are less detrimental than uncontrolled or uneven cracks. Concrete expands & shrinks with variations in moisture and temp. The overall affinity is to shrink and this can cause cracking at an early age. Uneven cracks are unpleasant and difficult to maintain but usually do not affect the integrity of concrete.
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It is the presentation based on precast concrete construction which includes each and every point and scope which may be useful to civil engineering students
Precast and Prefabricated components and structures and the connection betwee...nishant patyal
Building construction is an ancient human activity. It began with the purely functional need for a controlled environment to moderate the effects of climate. Constructed shelters were one means by which human beings were able to adapt themselves to a wide variety of climates and become a global species
Joints are easy to maintain and are less detrimental than uncontrolled or uneven cracks. Concrete expands & shrinks with variations in moisture and temp. The overall affinity is to shrink and this can cause cracking at an early age. Uneven cracks are unpleasant and difficult to maintain but usually do not affect the integrity of concrete.
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It is the presentation based on precast concrete construction which includes each and every point and scope which may be useful to civil engineering students
Precast and Prefabricated components and structures and the connection betwee...nishant patyal
Building construction is an ancient human activity. It began with the purely functional need for a controlled environment to moderate the effects of climate. Constructed shelters were one means by which human beings were able to adapt themselves to a wide variety of climates and become a global species
There are several types of retaining structures, including gravity, sheet pile, cantilever, and anchored earth/ mechanically stabilized earth (reinforced earth) walls and slopes. Gravity retaining walls use their weight to resist earth pressures.
This presentation includes the types of roofs and roof covering materials. this presentation explained briefly about the pitched roofs, curved roofs and flat roofs.
There are several types of retaining structures, including gravity, sheet pile, cantilever, and anchored earth/ mechanically stabilized earth (reinforced earth) walls and slopes. Gravity retaining walls use their weight to resist earth pressures.
This presentation includes the types of roofs and roof covering materials. this presentation explained briefly about the pitched roofs, curved roofs and flat roofs.
A presentation with exhaustive information about the general idea of formwork, the various types, the newest introductions and a comparative study between the conventional and modern-day formwork.
It also includes the study of causes of failure of formwork and the safety measures to be taken for preventing failure.
Special Concrete - High End Out put Value for MaterialsARIVU SUDAR
High value generally associated with High-Performance
What is High-Performance?
High-Early Strength Concrete
High-Strength Concrete
High-Durability Concrete
Self-Consolidating Concrete
Reactive Powder Concrete
Composite construction by Er. SURESH RAOAjit Sabnis
Presentation is a part of Structural Engg. series by ACCE(I) Institutes. Deals with details of Composite Structures-Design and Construction with case studies
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.
Business Valuation Principles for EntrepreneursBen Wann
This insightful presentation is designed to equip entrepreneurs with the essential knowledge and tools needed to accurately value their businesses. Understanding business valuation is crucial for making informed decisions, whether you're seeking investment, planning to sell, or simply want to gauge your company's worth.
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Looking for professional printing services in Jaipur? Navpack n Print offers high-quality and affordable stationery printing for all your business needs. Stand out with custom stationery designs and fast turnaround times. Contact us today for a quote!
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
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Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
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Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
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Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP TRAINING.ppt for graduating class (1).ppt
Concrete
1. CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION “ Concrete is a plastic material susceptible to the impressions of the imagination.” Frank Lloyd Wright
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6. Meditation Center for UNESCO Paris, France 1995 Tadao Ando, Architect “ a space of prayer for world peace” “ A rchitecture, to me , is an endless search of one’s engagement with oneself and with society From the construction of an abstract concept to its realization.” TADAO ANDO AIA Gold Medal 2003
Course Aggregate approx. 3/4 of volume Structural strength heavily dependent on MUST BE: Strong, clean Resistant to freeze-thaw Chemically stable Properly Graded - Through SIEVES For proper “packing” of materials Largest must fit between Reinforcing Generally < 3/4 of clear distance or 1/3 of slab thickness Fine Aggregate Portland Cement Water Admixtures (optional)
Course Aggregate approx. 3/4 of volume Structural strength heavily dependent on MUST BE: Strong, clean Resistant to freeze-thaw Chemically stable Properly Graded - Through SIEVES For proper “packing” of materials Largest must fit between Reinforcing Generally < 3/4 of clear distance or 1/3 of slab thickness Fine Aggregate Portland Cement Water Admixtures (optional)
Specified by 28 Day Compressive Strength (psi) POUNDS PER SQUARE INCH CONCRETE IN THEORY CONTINUES TO HARDEN - TYPICALL 28 STRENGTH Primarily Determined By: STRENGTH PRIMARILY DETERMINED BY Amount of Cement PROPORTION/ AMOUNT OF CEMENT Water-Cement Ratio WEIGHT OF H2O / WEIGHT OF WATER NEED MORE WATER THAN WHAT IS NEEDED FOR HYDRATION - PLACEMENT AND FINISHING TOO MUCH WATER EXTRA WATER EVAPORATES LEAVES VOIDS - REDUCE STRENGTH CAN REDUCE WATER AND STILL GET WORKABILITY WITH ADMIXTURES (AIR, WATER REDUCING AGENTS) Proper Aggregate & Gradation FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATE Strength Ranges: 2000 - 19,000+ psi COMMON - 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000psi
No Useful Tensile Strength GREAT IN COMPRESSION - LITTLE IN TENSION MOST STRUCTURAL MEMBERS IN BOTH NEED A MATERIAL FOR TENSION Reinforcing Steel - Tensile Strength Similar Coefficient of thermal expansion EXPAND AND CONTRACT SAME AMOUNT IF NOT, BREAK BOND Chemical Compatibility WON’T REACT W/ EACH OTHER & PROTECTS STEEL FROM CORROSION Adhesion Of Concrete To Steel ADHERES WELL Theory of Steel Location “ Place reinforcing steel where the concrete is in tension” SIMPLE BEAM - IN BOTTOM MULTIPLE SPAN OVER SUPPORT @ TOP
Reinforcing Support Chairs or bolsters WIRE OR PLASTIC SOME WITH PROTECTIVE COATINGS ON FEET - SOME MADE OF SS Properly position the steel VARIOUS HEIGHTS POSITION REINFORCING OFF FORMWORK FOR DESIGN LOCATION AND MINIMUM CONCRETE POTECTION FOR FIRE RATINGS Special Coatings Galvanized or Epoxy Coated Exposure to Salts or Sea Water
Type of Reinforcing Grid of “wires” spaced 2-12 inches apart STEEL WIRE Specified by wire gauge and spacing Typical Use - Horizontal Surfaces ELEVATED SLABS SOG USED IN SOME WALLS Comes in Mats or Rolls MATS FOR LARGER GAUGE WIRE Advantage - Labor Savings BUT CAN’T HANDLE LARGE LOADINGS
Location of Tension Forces Changes Midspan - Bottom in Tension At Beam Supports - Top in Tension NOTE; SLAB REINFORCING PRINCIPALS SIMILAR LIKE A LARGE/WIDE BEAM EXCEPT OFTEN ADD TEMPERATURE STEEL
Reinforced Concrete Members AT ANY LOCATION IN THE MEMBER Part of the member in compression Part of the member in tension Over half of the concrete Not carrying any load, it’s: “ Holding” reinforcing in position & Providing protective cover NOT GETTING THE FULL / EFFECTIVE USE OF THE MEMBER
Theory; “Place all the concrete of the member in compression” (take advantage of concrete’s compressive strength of the entire member) Advantages Increase the load carrying capacity or Reduce the member’s size
Stressing high strength steel stands either before or after concrete placement HIGH LOADS - 30,000 POUNDS/ STRAND Pretensioning Prior to concrete placement Generally performed at a “plant” HIGH LOADS - 30,000 POUNDS/ STRAND NEED SOMETHING TO JACK AGAINST Posttensioning After concrete placement (& curing) Generally performed at the jobsite JACK AGAINST THE POURED/CURED CONCRETE
“ Level surface of concrete supported on the ground” Loading; Carries little or no structural stress except: Transmission of superimposed loads LIVE LOADS - TRAFIC, EQUIPMENT, STORAGE Thickness & Reinforcing determined by: Continuity & Capacity of the soil STRENGHT / BEARING CAPACITY CONTINUITY OF SOIL CAPACITY Loads imposed
Materials Custom Built of Lumber & Plywood 2x & PLYWOOD BUILT FOR LOCATION/USE/PROJECT “ STICK” BUILT” Prefabricated steel, fiberglass PARTICULAR PROJECT/USE HIGH REUSE - SHEARWALLS Standardized prefabricated panels ASSEMBLE FOR USE / STANDARD SIZES COMBINATION GANG FROMS MAY INCORPORATE SEVERAL Choice Depends on : Number of uses, Irregularity of wall HIGH USE - STEEL/FIBERGLAS/MDO Wall finish & tie spacing, HIGH FINISH EXPOSED VS STRUCTURAL Availability & Cost
Layout, Install one side, anchor, & brace ANCHOR AND PLUMB Coat w/ Form Release EASE OF STRIPPING Install Reinforcing (or after form ties)
Install Form Ties “ Small diameter metal rods which hold the forms together (remain in the wall) MANY DIFFERENT TYPES HYDROSTATIC LOAD
One-Way Slab System “ Spans across parallel lines of support furnished by walls and/or beams” Limited Span Length One-Way Joist System Span Greater Distances, “Less Dead Load” DEAD LOAD OF SLAB / “TENSILE” CONCRETE Spaced ribs or joists w/ a thin top slab 3-5” SLAB Utilizes “pans” (metal, plastic, fiberglass) HIGH NUMBER OF REUSES Wide-Module or “Skip-Joist” System
Bay Spacing - Square or Irregular SQUARE - TWO WAY Span Length GREATER - JOIST VS FLAT SLAB Loading HIGHER LOADS - DEEPER SECTION Ceiling Treatment EXPOSED - FLAT SLAB Lateral Stability HIGH STABILITY - DEEPER SECTION
Prior to Formwork Construction Prepare, submit, & approve Engineered Shop Drawings MAY TAKE WEEKS FORMWORK DESIGN FORMWORK SUPPORT RESHORE AMOUNT & PLACEMENT ALL HAVE SOME IMPACT ON REQUIRED AMOUNT OF FORMWORK ALSO AFFECTED BY CONCRETE DESIGN & SCHEDULE FRPS supporting walls/columns
Set Beam Bottoms (if required) Erect Beam Sides Form Slab OPTIONS SCAFFOLD - SINGLE / GANGED TABLES LARGE COST - MINIMZE LABOR Install MPE sleeves, block outs, “Cast in” electrical roughin PENETRATIONS THROUGH SLAB OTHER OPTION - CORE Clean “Deck” & apply form release
Place Reinforcing Generally START FROM THE BOTTOM UP Beam reinforcing Slab bottom & then top reinforcing
Strip Formwork Re-shore May Extend 3-4 Floors Below Re-shore Purpose Support Construction Load Support the Weight of the next Floor
Can be used with any framing system Reduce member size and/or Extend span capacity