Masonry part 3
•Download as PPT, PDF•
14 likes•5,603 views
Masonry loadbearing walls can be reinforced or unreinforced, with reinforcement increasing the load carrying capacity. There are different types of masonry walls including single wythe solid walls, cavity walls with an inner and outer wythe separated by air space, and composite walls made of two different materials. Cavity walls provide insulation and drainage benefits. Masonry walls require flashing at openings and shelf angles to prevent moisture penetration. Thermal insulation can be installed inside the wall cavity, in hollow cores, or on the exterior face. Masonry construction involves integrating masonry walls with other building materials like wood, steel, and concrete.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Masonry Wall Types ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
6. fungal attack
Fungal attack can cause damage to wood by feeding on its cells, softening and decaying the wood over time. Fungi need moisture levels above 20%, a food supply like wood, and oxygen to grow. The life cycle of wood rotting fungi involves spores spreading via wind, insects, animals or humans and germinating on wood if conditions are suitable, growing into a mycelium network and producing more spores to spread the fungus. There are two main types of wood rot caused by fungi - wet rot which affects wood above 40% moisture content, usually outdoors, and dry rot which occurs indoors in damp areas with poor ventilation. Preventing fungal attack involves keeping moisture levels below 20% and
Defects in timber
The document discusses various types of defects in timber, including knots, shakes, and dry rot. It then covers different methods of seasoning timber, including air seasoning, water seasoning, boiling, steaming, kiln seasoning, and others. Various types of paints used for timber are also outlined, such as distemper paints, their composition and properties. Potential health effects of VOCs from paint fumes are briefly mentioned. Common methods of preserving timber from insects and decay are also listed.
Defect and decay in woods
This document discusses various types of defects that can occur in wood, including natural defects caused by factors like fire scars, insect damage, or fungal growth. It also describes defects that can arise during the processing of wood, such as machine burns or miscuts. Several types of decay caused by fungi are outlined, including brown decay, white decay, and soft decay. The document provides examples of different fungi that can cause decay and notes environmental factors that influence decay.
12 seasoning
The document discusses seasoning wood. There are two main methods of seasoning timber: natural (air) seasoning and artificial (kiln) drying. Air seasoning is a slower process that relies on outdoor weather conditions, while kiln drying allows for faster, controlled drying in an indoor oven-like chamber. The goal of seasoning is to reduce wood's moisture content below 20% to prevent rot and make it easier to work with.
Timber- As a Building Material
This document discusses timber as a building material. It defines timber as wood suitable for engineering construction and notes it has been used as a primary construction material since early times. Timber comes from exogenous trees. The document outlines the advantages of timber, such as its ease of handling, ability to be shaped, insulating properties, and availability. It also describes characteristics of good timber, sawing methods, seasoning techniques to remove moisture, common defects, preservatives to increase durability, common uses of timber, and the most widely used types of timber in Bangladesh.
Sawdust as Insulating material
Information on how sawdust can be used as an insulating material and its other properties useful to know for building construction.
Wood
The document discusses different types of wood, their characteristics, uses, and processing. It defines the differences between wood and timber, and describes softwood and hardwood. It then covers the internal section of wood including the pith, heartwood, sapwood, and growth layers. The rest of the document summarizes different wood-based boards like plywood, blockboard, and MDF. It also discusses veneers, types of veneers, and laminates used in woodwork.
26 veneering & inlay
This chapter discusses veneering and inlay techniques in woodworking. It covers topics such as using veneers to efficiently use expensive woods or cover large surfaces. Proper preparation of the groundwork and careful cutting, matching, and application of veneers is emphasized. Different patterns like borders, marquetry, parquetry and the use of inlay are also described. The chapter concludes with a short quiz to test the reader's understanding.
Recommended
6. fungal attack
Fungal attack can cause damage to wood by feeding on its cells, softening and decaying the wood over time. Fungi need moisture levels above 20%, a food supply like wood, and oxygen to grow. The life cycle of wood rotting fungi involves spores spreading via wind, insects, animals or humans and germinating on wood if conditions are suitable, growing into a mycelium network and producing more spores to spread the fungus. There are two main types of wood rot caused by fungi - wet rot which affects wood above 40% moisture content, usually outdoors, and dry rot which occurs indoors in damp areas with poor ventilation. Preventing fungal attack involves keeping moisture levels below 20% and
Defects in timber
The document discusses various types of defects in timber, including knots, shakes, and dry rot. It then covers different methods of seasoning timber, including air seasoning, water seasoning, boiling, steaming, kiln seasoning, and others. Various types of paints used for timber are also outlined, such as distemper paints, their composition and properties. Potential health effects of VOCs from paint fumes are briefly mentioned. Common methods of preserving timber from insects and decay are also listed.
Defect and decay in woods
This document discusses various types of defects that can occur in wood, including natural defects caused by factors like fire scars, insect damage, or fungal growth. It also describes defects that can arise during the processing of wood, such as machine burns or miscuts. Several types of decay caused by fungi are outlined, including brown decay, white decay, and soft decay. The document provides examples of different fungi that can cause decay and notes environmental factors that influence decay.
12 seasoning
The document discusses seasoning wood. There are two main methods of seasoning timber: natural (air) seasoning and artificial (kiln) drying. Air seasoning is a slower process that relies on outdoor weather conditions, while kiln drying allows for faster, controlled drying in an indoor oven-like chamber. The goal of seasoning is to reduce wood's moisture content below 20% to prevent rot and make it easier to work with.
Timber- As a Building Material
This document discusses timber as a building material. It defines timber as wood suitable for engineering construction and notes it has been used as a primary construction material since early times. Timber comes from exogenous trees. The document outlines the advantages of timber, such as its ease of handling, ability to be shaped, insulating properties, and availability. It also describes characteristics of good timber, sawing methods, seasoning techniques to remove moisture, common defects, preservatives to increase durability, common uses of timber, and the most widely used types of timber in Bangladesh.
Sawdust as Insulating material
Information on how sawdust can be used as an insulating material and its other properties useful to know for building construction.
Wood
The document discusses different types of wood, their characteristics, uses, and processing. It defines the differences between wood and timber, and describes softwood and hardwood. It then covers the internal section of wood including the pith, heartwood, sapwood, and growth layers. The rest of the document summarizes different wood-based boards like plywood, blockboard, and MDF. It also discusses veneers, types of veneers, and laminates used in woodwork.
26 veneering & inlay
This chapter discusses veneering and inlay techniques in woodworking. It covers topics such as using veneers to efficiently use expensive woods or cover large surfaces. Proper preparation of the groundwork and careful cutting, matching, and application of veneers is emphasized. Different patterns like borders, marquetry, parquetry and the use of inlay are also described. The chapter concludes with a short quiz to test the reader's understanding.
Production of wood fibers (used in mdf)
1. The document discusses wood fibers which are cellulosic elements extracted from trees and used to make materials like paper. Medium-density fiberboard is an engineered wood product made by breaking down wood fibers and combining them with resin and wax to form high-density panels.
2. Composite forest products refer to glued wood materials like plywood, fiberboard, and particleboard which use waste wood residues. Medium-density fiberboard is composed primarily of lignocellulosic fibers bonded with resin under heat and pressure to form dense panels.
3. Wood fibers are used as filler and reinforcement in polymers. Their compatibility is improved through treatment like grafting. Medium-density fiberboard has applications in furniture, construction,
5. timber seasoning
Timber seasoning is the controlled process of reducing moisture content in wood. It aims to dry wood to around 22% moisture content. This makes the wood more stable and prevents defects like splitting or fungal/insect damage. There are two main seasoning methods - air seasoning which is slow and done outdoors, and kiln seasoning which is faster using controlled heat, humidity and air flow. Moisture content is measured using moisture meters or weighing samples before and after drying. Seasoning causes wood to shrink unevenly which can lead to cupping or shakes.
WOOD
This document provides information about various types of wood and timber. It discusses hardwoods which come from broad-leaf deciduous trees like oak. It also discusses softwoods which come from coniferous trees that do not lose their leaves. Softwood is used widely in construction. Manufactured boards like plywood and MDF are also described, which are made from gluing wood layers or fibers together. The document also covers wood properties, classifications, elements of a tree, defects in timber, and uses of different wood types.
Wood
This document discusses various types of construction materials, focusing on wood. It describes natural wood, classifying it as hardwood or softwood and providing examples of each with their characteristics and common uses. It then discusses problems with overexploitation of natural wood resources and introduces engineered wood as an alternative, describing types like plywood, blockboard, veneers, laminates, particleboard, medium-density fiberboard, and high-density fiberboard.
ACH 121 Lecture 07 (Wood) Part 1
The document discusses wood construction, including the types, characteristics, uses, and manufacturing process of wood. It describes softwoods and hardwoods, and explains how trees are cut down and milled into lumber. The lumber then undergoes seasoning, either through kiln-drying or air-drying, to reduce moisture content and prevent warping. Proper seasoning is important for dimensional stability of wood.
Wood Preservation
Short summary of wood preservation in India.
Types of wood preservatives, why wood preservation is required.
different methods of wood preservation.
Cavity walls
Walls provide enclosure and structure for buildings. Nearly all buildings have walls that separate interior and exterior spaces and control access, daylight, ventilation, and temperature. Walls may support floors and roofs and brace other walls. There are two main types of walls in domestic English construction: masonry walls made of materials like brick, stone, or concrete blocks laid with mortar, and timber framed walls with a wood framework covered by other materials. Masonry walls are constructed using small units like bricks or larger units like blocks laid in mortar in a cellular pattern to provide strength. Cavity walls have an inner and outer leaf separated by a gap to prevent rain from penetrating the building.
Sound insulation
This document discusses sound insulation and soundproofing. It defines key terms like sound, decibel, and reverberation. Sound insulation refers to reducing sound transmission through building elements like walls and floors. Different materials have varying abilities to absorb or block sound transmission. Common sound insulating materials include glass/rock wool, foamed plastics, quiet batts, and studio foam. Proper room arrangement, solid walls, planning for single-story structures, balcony placement, and courtyards can help reduce unwanted noise in buildings. Mass and rigidity help materials resist sound, while openings decrease sound blocking ability.
Work process in drywall installation
Drywall is a gypsum plaster board used in walls and ceilings that requires experienced professionals to install. The process involves multiple steps and roles, beginning with an estimator inspecting the site and calculating materials needed. Then, installers measure and cut drywall boards to cover walls and ceilings. Any damage is repaired by repairers, while tapers cover joints and screws with compound. Finally, finishers apply additional compound and prepare the surface for painting. The document outlines the different jobs in the drywall installation process.
ROOF & WALL INSULATION
The document discusses insulation for roofs and walls. It describes different types of insulation materials like mineral wool, cellular glass, and expanded silica. It explains that insulation is important as it lowers energy costs, increases comfort, and creates a healthier home environment. For roofs, it recommends 250-270mm of blanket insulation. For walls, internal or external insulation can be used, with benefits and drawbacks to each. Well insulated roofs and walls help reduce heating and cooling costs and improve energy efficiency.
Masonry Part 2 F 09
This document discusses various types of masonry walls, including reinforced, composite, and cavity walls. It describes anchoring and tying techniques used to join wythes of masonry and supports. Methods for adding reinforcement like grout, rebar, and post-tensioning bars are presented. The document also covers flashing, insulation, expansion/control joints, and potential issues like efflorescence and spalling.
Sērijveida daudzdzīvokļu māju balkoni un lodžijas
Sērijveida daudzdzīvokļu māju balkoni un lodžijas /Aivars Graikstis, Latvijas Namu pārvaldītāju un apsaimniekotāju asociācija, SIA "Baložu komunālā saimniecība"
2022.gada 28.februāris
Asbestos
The document provides an overview of asbestos, including its properties, historical uses, health hazards, and activities that can result in asbestos exposure. Asbestos was widely used in construction and insulation for its heat resistance and strength. Inhaling asbestos fibers can cause serious diseases like asbestosis, mesothelioma, and lung cancer. Workers in construction, shipbuilding, manufacturing are at highest risk of exposure through activities that damage asbestos-containing materials. Strict regulations aim to protect workers and require precautions like warning signs and protective equipment during activities that could release asbestos fibers into the air.
Asbestos 2012 Slideshow
This document discusses asbestos, including its types, uses, hazards, diseases, regulations, removal and disposal. It begins with an introduction to asbestos, its natural occurrence and commercial uses. It then describes the three main types of asbestos - chrysotile, amosite, and crocidolite - and their characteristics. The document outlines the hazards of asbestos, how exposure occurs, and the diseases it can cause like asbestosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma. It discusses regulations and bans on asbestos, as well as proper removal and disposal methods to reduce health risks. In summary, the document provides an overview of asbestos from its properties and applications to its health impacts and regulatory controls.
Timber
This document provides information about timber processing. It discusses the types of trees used for timber production, including conifers and deciduous trees. It then describes the macro and micro structure of trees, including components like the pith, heartwood, and cambium layer. Finally, it outlines the key steps in timber processing, such as felling trees, seasoning, conversion methods like sawing, and preservation to increase durability.
Materials for Technical Use: Wood
The document summarizes information about wood, including its properties, uses, and processing. It discusses how wood is obtained from trees and processed. Key steps include felling trees, removing branches and bark, cutting the wood, and drying it. Wood has properties like being hygroscopic, a poor conductor of heat and electricity, and varying in hardness between species. Derivatives like plywood, chipboard, and fiberboard are also mentioned. Common woodworking tools are outlined for cutting, fixing, measuring, smoothing, drilling, splitting, and finishing wood.
Plywood
The document discusses the process of manufacturing plywood. It begins with logging operations such as debarking and cutting logs. The logs are then heated and sliced/peeled into veneers. Veneers are dried and laid up in alternating perpendicular layers, with glue spread between layers. The laid up assembly is pressed under heat and pressure to bond the layers. Plywood is then cut and finished, with applications including construction, furniture, flooring, and more. Benefits of plywood include uniform strength, dimensional stability, and efficient wood utilization, while disadvantages include susceptibility to water damage if unprotected.
Plastering
Plaster is a building material used for the protective or decorative coating of walls and ceilings and for moulding and casting decorative elements. In English "plaster" usually means a material used for the interiors of buildings, while "render" commonly refers to external applications. Another imprecise term used for the material is stucco, which is also often used for plasterwork that is ...
plastering contractors near me
interior plastering techniques
plastering walls
how to do plastering
pool plastering companies near me
plastering walls techniques
plastering drywall
plastering ceilings
types of plaster wall construction
types of plastering techniques
types of plaster ceiling finishes
methods of plastering
different kinds of plaster
interior plastering techniques
plaster types and uses
different types of plaster walls
types of plastering techniques
types of interior plaster
plaster types and uses
different kinds of plaster
types of plaster ceiling finishes
different plaster wall finishes
how are plaster walls constructed
cement plaster finish types
different types of plaster finishes
types of interior plaster
types of plastering techniques
plaster types and uses
types of plaster ceiling finishes
types of plaster ceilings
types of plaster of paris
plaster supply stores
Plastics: An Economical Synthesis of Aesthetics and Function
The document discusses plastics, including:
1. Plastics are polymers that can be molded into various shapes and are made from petroleum products and other raw materials.
2. There are two main types of plastics - thermoplastics, which can be remelted and reformed, and thermosets, which cannot be remelted once formed.
3. Common plastics include polyethylene, PVC, polystyrene, and nylon. Plastics have a wide range of applications from packaging to construction due to their properties like durability, insulation, and light weight.
Timbe
This document provides information about various types of wood materials used in construction. It discusses timber/lumber, its characteristics, classification, defects, seasoning, and manufactured wood boards like plywood, veneer, medium density fibreboard, and laminated particle boards. The key points are that timber is a natural and renewable building material derived from trees, it is classified based on properties like hardness, strength and durability, and can be seasoned through natural or kiln drying methods to improve its qualities and reduce defects. Manufactured wood boards are made by bonding wood fibres, particles or veneers and offer advantages like strength and uniformity.
Masonry
Control joints in concrete walls should be spaced based on the amount of steel reinforcement, the height of the wall, and the vertical distance between floors and roofs which is usually equal to the story height.
Masonry powerpoint
The AZEK VAST composite pavers are a new alternative to traditional concrete or clay pavers. Unlike concrete pavers, the composite pavers are lighter, easier to cut, more durable, and come in various styles and colors. They can also be custom ordered in blended colors. The composite pavers are made from recycled materials and are 100% recyclable.
More Related Content
What's hot
Production of wood fibers (used in mdf)
1. The document discusses wood fibers which are cellulosic elements extracted from trees and used to make materials like paper. Medium-density fiberboard is an engineered wood product made by breaking down wood fibers and combining them with resin and wax to form high-density panels.
2. Composite forest products refer to glued wood materials like plywood, fiberboard, and particleboard which use waste wood residues. Medium-density fiberboard is composed primarily of lignocellulosic fibers bonded with resin under heat and pressure to form dense panels.
3. Wood fibers are used as filler and reinforcement in polymers. Their compatibility is improved through treatment like grafting. Medium-density fiberboard has applications in furniture, construction,
5. timber seasoning
Timber seasoning is the controlled process of reducing moisture content in wood. It aims to dry wood to around 22% moisture content. This makes the wood more stable and prevents defects like splitting or fungal/insect damage. There are two main seasoning methods - air seasoning which is slow and done outdoors, and kiln seasoning which is faster using controlled heat, humidity and air flow. Moisture content is measured using moisture meters or weighing samples before and after drying. Seasoning causes wood to shrink unevenly which can lead to cupping or shakes.
WOOD
This document provides information about various types of wood and timber. It discusses hardwoods which come from broad-leaf deciduous trees like oak. It also discusses softwoods which come from coniferous trees that do not lose their leaves. Softwood is used widely in construction. Manufactured boards like plywood and MDF are also described, which are made from gluing wood layers or fibers together. The document also covers wood properties, classifications, elements of a tree, defects in timber, and uses of different wood types.
Wood
This document discusses various types of construction materials, focusing on wood. It describes natural wood, classifying it as hardwood or softwood and providing examples of each with their characteristics and common uses. It then discusses problems with overexploitation of natural wood resources and introduces engineered wood as an alternative, describing types like plywood, blockboard, veneers, laminates, particleboard, medium-density fiberboard, and high-density fiberboard.
ACH 121 Lecture 07 (Wood) Part 1
The document discusses wood construction, including the types, characteristics, uses, and manufacturing process of wood. It describes softwoods and hardwoods, and explains how trees are cut down and milled into lumber. The lumber then undergoes seasoning, either through kiln-drying or air-drying, to reduce moisture content and prevent warping. Proper seasoning is important for dimensional stability of wood.
Wood Preservation
Short summary of wood preservation in India.
Types of wood preservatives, why wood preservation is required.
different methods of wood preservation.
Cavity walls
Walls provide enclosure and structure for buildings. Nearly all buildings have walls that separate interior and exterior spaces and control access, daylight, ventilation, and temperature. Walls may support floors and roofs and brace other walls. There are two main types of walls in domestic English construction: masonry walls made of materials like brick, stone, or concrete blocks laid with mortar, and timber framed walls with a wood framework covered by other materials. Masonry walls are constructed using small units like bricks or larger units like blocks laid in mortar in a cellular pattern to provide strength. Cavity walls have an inner and outer leaf separated by a gap to prevent rain from penetrating the building.
Sound insulation
This document discusses sound insulation and soundproofing. It defines key terms like sound, decibel, and reverberation. Sound insulation refers to reducing sound transmission through building elements like walls and floors. Different materials have varying abilities to absorb or block sound transmission. Common sound insulating materials include glass/rock wool, foamed plastics, quiet batts, and studio foam. Proper room arrangement, solid walls, planning for single-story structures, balcony placement, and courtyards can help reduce unwanted noise in buildings. Mass and rigidity help materials resist sound, while openings decrease sound blocking ability.
Work process in drywall installation
Drywall is a gypsum plaster board used in walls and ceilings that requires experienced professionals to install. The process involves multiple steps and roles, beginning with an estimator inspecting the site and calculating materials needed. Then, installers measure and cut drywall boards to cover walls and ceilings. Any damage is repaired by repairers, while tapers cover joints and screws with compound. Finally, finishers apply additional compound and prepare the surface for painting. The document outlines the different jobs in the drywall installation process.
ROOF & WALL INSULATION
The document discusses insulation for roofs and walls. It describes different types of insulation materials like mineral wool, cellular glass, and expanded silica. It explains that insulation is important as it lowers energy costs, increases comfort, and creates a healthier home environment. For roofs, it recommends 250-270mm of blanket insulation. For walls, internal or external insulation can be used, with benefits and drawbacks to each. Well insulated roofs and walls help reduce heating and cooling costs and improve energy efficiency.
Masonry Part 2 F 09
This document discusses various types of masonry walls, including reinforced, composite, and cavity walls. It describes anchoring and tying techniques used to join wythes of masonry and supports. Methods for adding reinforcement like grout, rebar, and post-tensioning bars are presented. The document also covers flashing, insulation, expansion/control joints, and potential issues like efflorescence and spalling.
Sērijveida daudzdzīvokļu māju balkoni un lodžijas
Sērijveida daudzdzīvokļu māju balkoni un lodžijas /Aivars Graikstis, Latvijas Namu pārvaldītāju un apsaimniekotāju asociācija, SIA "Baložu komunālā saimniecība"
2022.gada 28.februāris
Asbestos
The document provides an overview of asbestos, including its properties, historical uses, health hazards, and activities that can result in asbestos exposure. Asbestos was widely used in construction and insulation for its heat resistance and strength. Inhaling asbestos fibers can cause serious diseases like asbestosis, mesothelioma, and lung cancer. Workers in construction, shipbuilding, manufacturing are at highest risk of exposure through activities that damage asbestos-containing materials. Strict regulations aim to protect workers and require precautions like warning signs and protective equipment during activities that could release asbestos fibers into the air.
Asbestos 2012 Slideshow
This document discusses asbestos, including its types, uses, hazards, diseases, regulations, removal and disposal. It begins with an introduction to asbestos, its natural occurrence and commercial uses. It then describes the three main types of asbestos - chrysotile, amosite, and crocidolite - and their characteristics. The document outlines the hazards of asbestos, how exposure occurs, and the diseases it can cause like asbestosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma. It discusses regulations and bans on asbestos, as well as proper removal and disposal methods to reduce health risks. In summary, the document provides an overview of asbestos from its properties and applications to its health impacts and regulatory controls.
Timber
This document provides information about timber processing. It discusses the types of trees used for timber production, including conifers and deciduous trees. It then describes the macro and micro structure of trees, including components like the pith, heartwood, and cambium layer. Finally, it outlines the key steps in timber processing, such as felling trees, seasoning, conversion methods like sawing, and preservation to increase durability.
Materials for Technical Use: Wood
The document summarizes information about wood, including its properties, uses, and processing. It discusses how wood is obtained from trees and processed. Key steps include felling trees, removing branches and bark, cutting the wood, and drying it. Wood has properties like being hygroscopic, a poor conductor of heat and electricity, and varying in hardness between species. Derivatives like plywood, chipboard, and fiberboard are also mentioned. Common woodworking tools are outlined for cutting, fixing, measuring, smoothing, drilling, splitting, and finishing wood.
Plywood
The document discusses the process of manufacturing plywood. It begins with logging operations such as debarking and cutting logs. The logs are then heated and sliced/peeled into veneers. Veneers are dried and laid up in alternating perpendicular layers, with glue spread between layers. The laid up assembly is pressed under heat and pressure to bond the layers. Plywood is then cut and finished, with applications including construction, furniture, flooring, and more. Benefits of plywood include uniform strength, dimensional stability, and efficient wood utilization, while disadvantages include susceptibility to water damage if unprotected.
Plastering
Plaster is a building material used for the protective or decorative coating of walls and ceilings and for moulding and casting decorative elements. In English "plaster" usually means a material used for the interiors of buildings, while "render" commonly refers to external applications. Another imprecise term used for the material is stucco, which is also often used for plasterwork that is ...
plastering contractors near me
interior plastering techniques
plastering walls
how to do plastering
pool plastering companies near me
plastering walls techniques
plastering drywall
plastering ceilings
types of plaster wall construction
types of plastering techniques
types of plaster ceiling finishes
methods of plastering
different kinds of plaster
interior plastering techniques
plaster types and uses
different types of plaster walls
types of plastering techniques
types of interior plaster
plaster types and uses
different kinds of plaster
types of plaster ceiling finishes
different plaster wall finishes
how are plaster walls constructed
cement plaster finish types
different types of plaster finishes
types of interior plaster
types of plastering techniques
plaster types and uses
types of plaster ceiling finishes
types of plaster ceilings
types of plaster of paris
plaster supply stores
Plastics: An Economical Synthesis of Aesthetics and Function
The document discusses plastics, including:
1. Plastics are polymers that can be molded into various shapes and are made from petroleum products and other raw materials.
2. There are two main types of plastics - thermoplastics, which can be remelted and reformed, and thermosets, which cannot be remelted once formed.
3. Common plastics include polyethylene, PVC, polystyrene, and nylon. Plastics have a wide range of applications from packaging to construction due to their properties like durability, insulation, and light weight.
Timbe
This document provides information about various types of wood materials used in construction. It discusses timber/lumber, its characteristics, classification, defects, seasoning, and manufactured wood boards like plywood, veneer, medium density fibreboard, and laminated particle boards. The key points are that timber is a natural and renewable building material derived from trees, it is classified based on properties like hardness, strength and durability, and can be seasoned through natural or kiln drying methods to improve its qualities and reduce defects. Manufactured wood boards are made by bonding wood fibres, particles or veneers and offer advantages like strength and uniformity.
What's hot (20)
Plastics: An Economical Synthesis of Aesthetics and Function
Plastics: An Economical Synthesis of Aesthetics and Function
Viewers also liked
Masonry
Control joints in concrete walls should be spaced based on the amount of steel reinforcement, the height of the wall, and the vertical distance between floors and roofs which is usually equal to the story height.
Masonry powerpoint
The AZEK VAST composite pavers are a new alternative to traditional concrete or clay pavers. Unlike concrete pavers, the composite pavers are lighter, easier to cut, more durable, and come in various styles and colors. They can also be custom ordered in blended colors. The composite pavers are made from recycled materials and are 100% recyclable.
Mies & Gaudi In Barcelona
The lecture discusses the work of architects Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Antonio Gaudi in Barcelona in the 1920s-1930s. It then highlights some of Mies van der Rohe's later works from the 1950s-1960s including the Farnsworth House, Seagram Building, and One Charles Center. The lecture also briefly mentions works by other architects like Frank Gehry, Frank Lloyd Wright, Richard Rogers, and Louis Kahn.
Ancon Wall Ties and Restraint Fixings for Brick, Block and Stone
Ancon are a leading manufacturer of wall ties and restraints which are an essential element of masonry panels.
Types of stone masonry
Stone masonry is constructed using stone units bonded together with mortar. There are two main types of stone masonry: rubble masonry and ashlar masonry. Rubble masonry uses irregularly shaped stones laid without regular coursing, while ashlar masonry uses dressed stone blocks laid in regular horizontal courses. Within rubble masonry, there are different patterns including random, square, and polygonal rubble. Ashlar masonry stones can be finely dressed, rough tooled, rock-faced, or chamfered.
Roof notes
The document discusses different types of roof membranes, including built-up roof (BUR) membranes made of multiple felts and asphalt layers, modified bitumen roof (MBR) membranes made of polymer-modified asphalt sheets, and single-ply roof (SPR) membranes made of synthetic polymer sheets. It also describes some common polymers used in modified bitumen membranes like SBS and APP and materials used in felts like organic fibers, glass fibers, and asphalt or coal tar coatings. Finally, it mentions two common types of single-ply membranes - EPDM, a synthetic rubber membrane, and PVC or TPO thermoplastic membranes.
Cavity Walling
Cavity walls consist of two wythes (leaves) of masonry separated by an air space or cavity. The leaves are typically brick or concrete blocks bonded together with metal ties embedded in the mortar joints. The cavity provides insulation and prevents moisture from crossing between the leaves. Proper construction of cavity walls requires completely filling all mortar joints, keeping the cavity clean, and placing wall ties in the mortar at regular intervals. Good workmanship is important for cavity walls to perform well.
BRICK MASONRY
Brick masonry involves laying bricks together using mortar. Bricks are laid in various bond patterns with headers and stretchers. English bond and Flemish bond are common, strong bonds. Brick masonry walls are durable and fire resistant due to the thermal mass of bricks. Proper bonding, jointing, and avoiding continuous vertical joints are important for strength. Bricks are classified based on quality and used for different purposes depending on loads and importance of structure.
Stone masonry
This document provides information on stone masonry. It begins with an outline of topics to be covered, including the different types of stones based on their formation (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic). It then discusses stone masonry and its uses in construction. Different classifications of stone masonry are presented, including rubble masonry (uncoursed, random, coursed) and ashlar masonry. Technical terms related to stone masonry elements are defined. The document concludes with general principles that should be followed for stone masonry construction and an assignment on coursed rubble masonry.
Presentation on Brick Masonry, Paint and Plastering
This document is the presentation slides for a group project on brick masonry, paint, and plastering. It includes an introduction slide with the group members' names. It then covers topics such as the definitions of masonry, brick masonry, types of bricks, bonding patterns, plastering materials and types, paint constituents, and defects and their remedies. Diagrams are provided to illustrate brickwork terminology, masonry joints, bond patterns, and plastering tools.
Types of masonry walls
Masonry is the building of structures from individual units laid in and bound together by mortar; the term masonry can also refer to the units themselves.
Brick Masonary ppt presentation by Abhishek Bagul
With the inclusion of animations, it was my submission for my bachelor's. it has many of the important concepts of the brick masonry. all the closers and bats concepts are included in it. even some bonds like Flemish bond, English bond, stretcher bond & header bond are added with the animation effect. each brick has its own animation effect and it helps us to easily understand the concepts of the bond.
Brick masonry
This document provides an overview of brick masonry construction. It defines technical terms like header, stretcher, and course. It describes the tools used in brickwork like trowels, spirit levels, and hammers. The document outlines different types of brick masonry like work in mud or cement. It explains bonds like English and Flemish bonds. It also details joints, advantages, and potential defects of brick masonry walls.
Brick masonary
Brick is a basic building material used in rectangular blocks, with standard sizes including 9x4.5x3 inches, and brick masonry involves laying bricks in mortar to form a strong, homogeneous structure; common brick bonds include running bond, header bond, English bond, and Flemish bond which arrange bricks to break vertical joints; reinforced brick masonry includes rebar embedded in mortar to strengthen brick walls for high load or seismic areas.
Bricks
Bricks have been used as a building material since 7000BC, originally made of sun-dried mud but later fired bricks proved more durable. Bricks are now one of the most commonly used building materials after wood. They are manufactured through processes like soft mud, dry press, and extrusion from raw materials like clay, calcium silicate, or concrete. Bricks provide benefits like strength, fire resistance, insulation, and durability making them a versatile and long-lasting building material.
Stone Masonry BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
Stone masonry uses stones bonded together with mortar to construct various building components such as walls, columns, foundations, arches and lintels. Stones are selected based on availability, ease of working, appearance, strength, polishing characteristics and economy. There are two main types of stone masonry - rubble masonry which uses roughly dressed stones with wider joints, and ashlar masonry which uses accurately dressed stones with fine, uniform joints. Rubble masonry includes uncoursed, coursed, random, dry and polygonal styles based on stone arrangement. Ashlar masonry has fine, rough, rock-faced, block and chamfered styles based on stone dressing. Stone
Parallel Pavilion Barcelona
The pavilion is designed specifically to attract people to socialise. The project opens to the city and port thanks to the two parallel organic platforms: While the top platform gives a panoramic view of the city The bottom one allows the visitors to enjoy the main feature of the pavilion: an interactive cinema which shows the visitors the history of Barcelona.
Type of structural joints
The document discusses different types of joints used in concrete structures including construction joints, expansion joints, contraction joints, and seismic joints. It provides definitions and discusses the purpose, formation, location, and detailing of each joint type. Construction joints allow concrete to be placed continuously and provide limits for placements. Expansion joints allow for movement in the structure. Contraction joints create planes of weakness to control cracking. Seismic joints separate portions of buildings to improve performance during earthquakes.
Emseal expansion joint and precompressed sealant catalog for architecture and...
Emseal expansion joint and precompressed sealant catalog for architecture and...EMSEAL Joint Systems, Ltd.
EMSEAL expansion joints, precompressed sealants, and expansion joint covers have set the standard for durability and performance in structural expansion joint applications in the construction industry. Watertight, fire-rated, traffic durable, acoustic dampening, and high movement capable.Mesoamerica and the Book of Mormon
Mesoamerica and the Book of Mormon - Is this the right place? You will be astonished with the amount of concrete scientific parallels between Mesoamerica and the Book of Mormon.
Viewers also liked (20)
Ancon Wall Ties and Restraint Fixings for Brick, Block and Stone
Ancon Wall Ties and Restraint Fixings for Brick, Block and Stone
Presentation on Brick Masonry, Paint and Plastering
Presentation on Brick Masonry, Paint and Plastering
Emseal expansion joint and precompressed sealant catalog for architecture and...
Emseal expansion joint and precompressed sealant catalog for architecture and...
Similar to Masonry part 3
Masonary wall
Masonry is the building of structures from units like brick and stone laid together with mortar. There are several types of masonry walls including load-bearing walls that support structural loads, non-load bearing walls that only support themselves, and cavity walls that have two wythes separated by an airspace for insulation and drainage. Masonry construction can also use different bonding patterns, reinforcement, and materials like concrete blocks, stone, or brick veneers to provide durability and strength.
walls Construction.ppt
This document discusses different types of wall structures. It describes cavity walls, load bearing vs non-load bearing walls, and the functions of walls including strength, stability, weather exclusion and more. It provides details on bonding brickwork and blockwork, including stretcher bond and corner formations. Additional topics covered include wall ties, spacing of wall ties, cavity walls, and timber stud walls.
Cavity walls
A detailed study on Cavity Walls with reference to construction details, regulations, advantages, disadvantages, examples, and precautions.
Lecture 3[1]
This document discusses different types of walls used in building construction. It describes load-bearing walls that support floors and roofs, and non-load bearing walls that do not carry loads. External walls enclose a building, while internal walls divide spaces. Cavity walls have a gap between two wythes for moisture control. The document outlines functional requirements for walls including strength, weather resistance, fire resistance, thermal and sound insulation. It defines wall construction methods like masonry, monolithic, frame, and membrane walls. Retaining walls are designed to resist lateral soil and water pressures.
Tutor l1 the house
1. Concrete foundations provide structural stability and are made of a mixture of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and cement.
2. There are several common types of foundations used in bricklaying including traditional strip foundations, raft foundations, and trench fill foundations.
3. Cavity walls are the main type of external walls constructed and are made up of two masonry leaves bonded with cavity wall ties to form a solid mass.
the house
1. Concrete foundations provide structural stability and are made of a mixture of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and cement.
2. There are different types of foundations including traditional strip foundations, raft foundations, and trench fill foundations.
3. Cavity walls are the most common wall construction and are made up of two leaves of brick or block with a cavity in between filled with insulation.
Re wall12
This document discusses different types of retaining walls and their uses. It provides details on:
- What retaining walls are and common construction materials like concrete, wood, and interlocking blocks.
- Applications such as supporting road embankments, separating roads from highways, and preventing erosion.
- Specific types like gravity walls, pre-cast crib walls, gabion walls, reinforced concrete, and mechanically stabilized earth walls.
- Design considerations for different wall types and factors of safety in designs.
Cavity wall
Cavity walls consist of two wythes (layers) of masonry separated by a cavity. The cavity improves structural properties by allowing flexibility between wythes and reduces thermal bridging. Cavity walls resist water penetration through the outer wythe and into the cavity space. Insulation can be placed within the cavity to improve thermal resistance. Cavity wall insulation saves on heating costs and improves indoor comfort by reducing heat loss through walls.
civil engineering building construction wall chapter.pdf
The document discusses different types of walls used in construction, including load bearing walls, non-load bearing walls, cavity walls, shear walls, partition walls, panel walls, veneered walls, and faced walls. It also describes types of masonry walls like load-bearing masonry walls, reinforced masonry walls, hollow masonry walls, and composite masonry walls. Finally, it discusses lintels, sills, and jambs, defining their functions and describing common construction methods.
Walls.ppt
Walls can be classified in several ways including by their load bearing ability, material used, and intended use. Load bearing walls support structural loads like floors and roofs while non-load bearing walls only support themselves. Materials used include brick, stone, concrete, wood and more. Walls are also classified by their intended use such as partition walls which divide interior space into rooms. Proper wall selection depends on factors like aesthetics, enclosure needs, acoustics, and thermal performance.
Ch 8 Ordinary Construction
The document discusses the characteristics and hazards of ordinary construction, which commonly uses masonry exterior walls and combustible interior walls and floors. Specific issues addressed include structural instability of masonry walls; void spaces that can accumulate combustible gases; interior structural elements like wood beams that can compromise wall stability; and roof types that often have little fire resistance and are susceptible to early failure. The document provides details on identifying signs of instability and planning firefighting tactics for ordinary construction buildings.
Finishingworks.pptx
finishing works in building including cladding,plastering, pointing works , suspended ceiling , partition walls, paints and painting procedures as per ioe syllabus ,
Tutor cavity wall construction .ppt 1
Cavity walls were introduced in the 1920s to improve insulation and prevent moisture penetration compared to solid walls. They consist of an inner and outer leaf separated by a cavity. Current regulations require cavities to be filled with insulation to achieve high thermal resistance. Proper installation of wall ties and damp-proof courses is necessary to join the leaves while allowing moisture to drain. Below ground, the cavity may be filled with concrete or use solid foundation blocks to resist lateral pressure from soil.
Bonding in brickwork (1)
bonding in brick work is arranging of bricks into either columns or wall. the individual brick units are tied to together and vertical joints of the the successive courses do not lie on the same vertical line.to obtain maximum strength throughout the wall column or pier
Masonry of Building
Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction. However, the materials used, the quality of the mortar and workmanship, and the pattern in which the units are assembled can significantly affect the durability of the over all masonry construction.
Masonry Structures dfgfdgfgfgbnnvgdfdsfdffdg
The document discusses masonry structures and their advantages and disadvantages. It provides information on different types of masonry bonds, hollow concrete blocks, compressed earth blocks, reinforced and unreinforced masonry, confined masonry, and masonry as infill walls. It also discusses the design of masonry walls for gravity loads as per Indian standard code IS1905-1987 including design considerations, structural design process, permissible stresses, and effect of openings.
Cracks in structure/buildings
In this PPT, you will come to know about how cracks form on the structure and what preventive measures should follow to overcome cracks and different types of cracks
Masonry structures -_chapter_9_and_10
1. Masonry structures are vulnerable to earthquake damage due to their brittle nature and weak connections.
2. Common failure modes of masonry buildings during earthquakes include walls tearing apart, shearing off diagonally, and collapsing at corners.
3. Non-destructive testing methods like rebound hammer, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and flat jack tests are used to evaluate the strength of existing masonry structures without damaging them.
Cracks in concrete
Cracks in concrete and masonry structures
Different types of crack study and recovery process and material use of recovery
2120 Ch 8 PowerPoint.pptx
Masonry construction components include stone, bricks, concrete blocks, glass blocks and mortar. Masonry structures are classified in building codes as Type I, II or III construction depending on their fire resistance. Masonry can be used for load-bearing walls, curtain walls and partitions. Structural failure of masonry construction can result from deterioration over time from various causes, such as bulging or leaning walls, compromised tie rods or bearing plates, or damage from fires.
Similar to Masonry part 3 (20)
civil engineering building construction wall chapter.pdf
civil engineering building construction wall chapter.pdf
More from Richard Luxenburg
Site analysis assignment
This document provides instructions for a site analysis assignment. Students are asked to analyze the site of their home and diagram key elements on a 24" x 36" sheet of tracing paper. Elements to be diagrammed include solar orientation, views, vegetation, paved areas, slope of land, utility locations, wind direction, drainage, sounds, neighbor locations and property boundaries. Students should show this information graphically using various drawing tools and include a north arrow and sun path. The goal is to clearly convey site conditions to assist with planning a potential room addition. The assignment is due at the beginning of class on August 31.
Lecture 1 site analysis
The document discusses the importance of site analysis for building design. Site analysis is the process of studying the existing environment and how it will influence a structure's design and layout. Key factors to consider in site analysis include topography, vegetation, climate, views, and regulatory requirements. Contour lines are used to represent the topography and slope of land, which greatly impacts building foundation and drainage design. Conducting a thorough site analysis is essential before beginning the design process.
ACH 122 F2011 syllabus
This document is the syllabus for an Architectural Materials and Methods II course taught at Anne Arundel Community College. The course is a continuation of studying materials and construction methods used in commercial buildings, with a focus on evaluating structural systems, cladding systems, and construction details. The syllabus outlines the course objectives, required textbooks, grading breakdown, and weekly schedule of assignments and topics to be covered over the semester, including foundations, heavy timber construction, masonry, concrete, steel framing, curtain walls, roofing, and alternative building systems.
Ach 112 400 f 2011 syllabus
This document is the course syllabus for Architectural Design II at Anne Arundel Community College. The course covers basic architectural presentation techniques including pen and ink drawings, colored drawings, model making, and digital/hand drawing combinations. Over 15 weeks students will complete two projects - a poster on a famous architect and a design of the Market House in Annapolis. Grading will be based on phases of the projects, presentations, and a final model. Required materials include drawing pens, pencils, markers, and previous design studio equipment. Department policies also apply to the course.
Syll ach 111 001 f11
This document provides information about an introductory architectural design course offered at Anne Arundel Community College. It outlines the course details including instructor information, a description of what will be taught, learning objectives, grading guidelines, and a schedule of topics and assignments. Students will learn basic architectural drawing techniques like orthographic projection, paraline drawings, and perspective drawings. They will complete two projects - a cube model and drawing, and a cube house design.
ACH121 001 f 2011 syllabus
This document provides information about an introductory architectural design course offered at Anne Arundel Community College. It outlines the course details including instructor information, a description of what will be taught, learning objectives, grading guidelines, and a schedule of topics and assignments. Students will learn basic architectural drawing techniques like orthographic projection, paraline drawings, and perspective drawings. They will complete two projects - a cube model and drawing, and a cube house design.
Cargo containers 2010
This document discusses a student project to design a prototype mobile home that can be extracted from a shipping container. The prototype home would be approximately 250 square feet and fully mobile like a standard shipping container, able to be transported by truck, train, or ship. The design has the potential to provide disaster relief or low-cost housing globally by making use of surplus shipping containers. The home can be extracted from the container in under five minutes by one person through a system of sliding and rolling rooms on tracks.
Cargo container details
The cargo container revolutionized global trade by standardizing shipping containers. Containers allowed for more efficient loading and transport of goods worldwide. They are a success because they are strong, stackable, and their dimensions fit the needs of shippers and global infrastructure like cranes and trucks.
Architectural Model Building
The document discusses the model building process used in schematic design and design development. It describes different types of models like concept models, site contour models, and presentation models. It provides guidance on materials to use, such as matte board, foamcore board, and corrugated cardboard. It recommends X-Acto knives for cutting and provides tips for representing vegetation, grass, and roads in an abstract way in models.
Brick Masonry Part 1
1. The document discusses the history of brick masonry from ancient Roman structures to modern buildings like Camden Yards.
2. It covers various brick bonding patterns, sizes, grades, and qualities as well as the brick making process.
3. The key components of brick masonry are also summarized, including mortar, joints, scaffolding, and structural elements like arches and lintels.
Brick Masonry Fall 09
This document provides an overview of masonry, including definitions of different types of masonry such as brick masonry and concrete masonry. It discusses the history of masonry construction from early native techniques to developments by the Romans. The document also covers mortar ingredients and functions, different types of mortar, basic brickwork terminology, and considerations for choosing bricks.
Excav & Deep Foundations Fall 09
The document discusses foundations and excavation for building construction. It covers different types of foundations including shallow foundations, deep foundations like caissons and piles. It describes the installation process for caissons and driven piles. It also discusses site preparation including excavation, controlling groundwater, and different types of footings. Deep foundations like grade beams and drilled piers are highlighted. Waterproofing of below grade structures is summarized.
Recipe Book Copy A
The document contains recipes from a materials and methods class at Anne Arundel Community College written in the CSI MasterFormat style. It includes an introduction explaining the assignment to rewrite recipes using the CSI format. The document then provides 11 recipes from students in the class written in the CSI style, including an Oreo mud pie, Mexican layer dip, spinach dip, and others. It aims to teach technical writing while sharing recipes for a party.
Wood Framing F 09
The document discusses light wood frame construction methods used for floors, walls, and roofs. It describes common framing materials like wood studs, joists, and sheathing. Balloon framing and platform framing methods are explained. Key terms related to light wood frame construction are also defined.
Basic Structures F09
This document discusses basic structural engineering concepts including types of loads like dead and live loads, how loads are applied through stress, load per unit area, and concentrated vs uniform loads. It also covers moments created by force and distance, shear and bending forces, lateral loads, and the shapes of column and beam cross-sections.
ADA dimensions Fall 2009
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) establishes design guidelines for accessibility including minimum space requirements for wheelchairs. This includes a minimum clear width of 32 inches for single wheelchair passage and 36 inches continuously, and 60 inches for two wheelchairs to pass each other. A minimum turning space of 60 inches in diameter or a 60 inch by 60 inch T-shaped space is required for a wheelchair to perform a 180-degree turn. The minimum clear floor space to accommodate a single stationary wheelchair is 30 inches by 48 inches.
Scale Presentation
Scale refers to the comparison of an object's size to another object or standard. There are three main types of scale: mechanical scale uses accepted standards of measurement, visual scale compares an object's size to another assumed size, and human scale bases dimensions on the human body and aims to achieve comfort, intimacy, and a feeling of control. Monumentality breaks from human scale to make people feel insignificant compared to much larger things and demand respect.
Means Of Egress
This document summarizes key components of a building's means of egress system including exit access, exits, and exit discharge. It discusses requirements for distance between exits, dead-end corridors, maximum travel distance, doors, exit stairways, and exit passageways as outlined in building codes. Requirements include a minimum distance between exits of half the building diagonal, no more than 20 foot dead-end corridors, and maximum travel distances depending on building occupancy and path of egress. Exit components like stairways must have fire-rated enclosures and doors.
Ach 121 Assign 2 (Topgraphy)
This document provides instructions for an assignment to create a topographic site model. Students are asked to take an existing topography plan and redesign the site contours to provide a level area for a 20' by 30' house. They must draw the new contour lines on the plan and build a 3D physical model at a 1/8" scale using corrugated cardboard or foamcore. The finished plan and model are due on August 31, 2009.
Ach 111 Drafting Equipment
This document lists recommended equipment for drafting including an X-Acto knife, lead holder, leads in various grades, lead pointer, adjustable triangle or square, scale, paper, eraser, erasing shield, tape, circle templates, drafting brush, optional items like pads and blocks, metal ruler, spray adhesive, white glue, and foamcore. It emphasizes the importance of this equipment for an architecture or interior design career and courses, and encourages having fun in the creative process.
More from Richard Luxenburg (20)
Recently uploaded
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
In the recent edition, The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024, The Silicon Leaders magazine gladly features Dejan Štancer, President of the Global Chamber of Business Leaders (GCBL), along with other leaders.
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and Creation
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Schedule Unveiled
Exploring Patterns of Connection with Social Dreaming
Exploring Patterns of Connection -Introduction to Social Dreaming
#Systems Psychodynamics
#Innovation
#Creativity
#Consultancy
#Coaching
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
This session provided an update as to the latest valuation data in the UK and then delved into a discussion on the upcoming election and the impacts on valuation. We finished, as always with a Q&A
2024-6-01-IMPACTSilver-Corp-Presentation.pdf
IMPACT Silver is a pure silver zinc producer with over $260 million in revenue since 2008 and a large 100% owned 210km Mexico land package - 2024 catalysts includes new 14% grade zinc Plomosas mine and 20,000m of fully funded exploration drilling.
FIA officials brutally tortured innocent and snatched 200 Bitcoins of worth 4...
Farman Ayaz Khattak and Ehtesham Matloob are government officials in CTW Counter terrorism wing Islamabad, in Federal Investigation Agency FIA Headquarters. CTW and FIA kidnapped crypto currency owner from Islamabad and snatched 200 Bitcoins those worth of 4 billion rupees in Pakistan currency. There is not Cryptocurrency Regulations in Pakistan & CTW is official dacoit and stealing digital assets from the innocent crypto holders and making fake cases of terrorism to keep them silent.
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign. Discover the unique personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights of Gemini individuals. Learn how their sociable, communicative nature and boundless curiosity make them the dynamic explorers of the zodiac. Dive into the duality of the Gemini sign and understand their intellectual and adventurous spirit.
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto Rico
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto RicoCorey Perlman, Social Media Speaker and Consultant
Social media for business 3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024
Buy Verified Payoneer Account: Quick and Secure Way to Receive Payments
Buy Verified Payoneer Account With 100% secure documents, [ USA, UK, CA ]. Are you looking for a reliable and safe way to receive payments online? Then you need buy verified Payoneer account ! Payoneer is a global payment platform that allows businesses and individuals to send and receive money in over 200 countries.
If You Want To More Information just Contact Now:
Skype: SEOSMMEARTH
Telegram: @seosmmearth
Gmail: seosmmearth@gmail.com
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
We will dig deeper into:
1. How to capture video testimonials that convert from your audience 🎥
2. How to leverage your testimonials to boost your sales 💲
3. How you can capture more CRM data to understand your audience better through video testimonials. 📊
Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Kalyan panel Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Kalyan panel Chart➒➌➎➏➑➐➋➑➐➐Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta Matka Kalyan Chart Indian Matka
SATTA MATKA SATTA FAST RESULT KALYAN TOP MATKA RESULT KALYAN SATTA MATKA FAST RESULT MILAN RATAN RAJDHANI MAIN BAZAR MATKA FAST TIPS RESULT MATKA CHART JODI CHART PANEL CHART FREE FIX GAME SATTAMATKA ! MATKA MOBI SATTA 143 spboss.in TOP NO1 RESULT FULL RATE MATKA ONLINE GAME PLAY BY APP SPBOSSCall 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
CALL 8867766396 SATTA MATKA | DPBOSS | KALYAN MAIN BAZAR | FAST MATKA | DPBOSS GUESSING | TARA MATKA | KALYAN CHART | MATKA BOSS
Building Your Employer Brand with Social Media
Presented at The Global HR Summit, 6th June 2024
In this keynote, Luan Wise will provide invaluable insights to elevate your employer brand on social media platforms including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok. You'll learn how compelling content can authentically showcase your company culture, values, and employee experiences to support your talent acquisition and retention objectives. Additionally, you'll understand the power of employee advocacy to amplify reach and engagement – helping to position your organization as an employer of choice in today's competitive talent landscape.
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Dive into the steadfast world of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the grounded, stable, and logical nature of Taurus individuals, and explore their key personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights. Learn how the determination and patience of the Taurus sign make them the rock-steady achievers and anchors of the zodiac.
Recently uploaded (20)
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
The 10 Most Influential Leaders Guiding Corporate Evolution, 2024.pdf
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Hamster Kombat' Telegram Game Surpasses 100 Million Players—Token Release Sch...
Exploring Patterns of Connection with Social Dreaming
Exploring Patterns of Connection with Social Dreaming
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024
FIA officials brutally tortured innocent and snatched 200 Bitcoins of worth 4...
FIA officials brutally tortured innocent and snatched 200 Bitcoins of worth 4...
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto Rico
Authentically Social by Corey Perlman - EO Puerto Rico
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024
Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Kalyan panel Chart
Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Kalyan Chart Indian Matka Kalyan panel Chart
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
Call 8867766396 Satta Matka Dpboss Matka Guessing Satta batta Matka 420 Satta...
Training my puppy and implementation in this story
Training my puppy and implementation in this story
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...
Masonry part 3
- 1. Masonry Loadbearing Wall Construction
- 20. Shelf Angle
- 22. Flashings over Wall Openings
- 24. Insulation in CMU cells Insulation in Cavity Insulation in Cavity External Insulation
- 25. Insulation being installed in the cavity
- 27. CMU Masonry with Joist & Metal Decking
- 28. CMU with Precast Concrete Decking
- 32. Expansion Joint Weep Holes
- 35. Efflorescence
- 36. Efflorescence
Editor's Notes
- Reinforcing increases Loadbearing Capacity
- Reinforcing placed in CMU cells and cells filled with concrete Reinforcing placement determined by structural designer
- External Flashing Prevents Moisture Penetration Types CAP FLASHING - TOP OF WALLS EDGE OF ROOFS COUNTER FLASHING WALL / ROOF INTERSECTION OFTEN TWO PIECES - ONE IN WALL / ONE ATTACHED Material SHEET METAL COPPER SS PLASTICS & COMPOSITES
- “Through Wall” (Concealed) Flashing CONTINUOUS SHEET OF COPPER, PLASTIC, RUBBER/BITUMINOUS ATTACHED TO BACKUP WALL & RUN THROUGH TO THE OUTSIDE OF THE MASONRY Collects water WATER THAT HAS PENETRATED WALL ALLOWS IT DRAIN THROUGH “WEEPS” ACCOMPANIED BY WEEPS Drainage Through “Weeps” PLACED 24 TO 32 in o.c. ROPE, PLASTIC, METAL (ALSO CAN JUST STOP MORTAR) > 1/4 IN. Placement @ BOTTOM OF WALL CAVITY @ INTERUPTIONS OF CAVITY OVER DOORS / WINDOWS WINDOW SILLS SHELF ANGLES -
- Electrical WALL OUTLETS, SWITCHES “ BUILT INTO” WALL HORIZONTAL - SLEEVES Plumbing NOT BUILT INTO WALL (COPPER, CI, PVC) SLEEVES FOR HORIZONTAL PENETRATIONS HVAC TYPICALLY NOT BUILT INTO WALL SLEEVES FOR HORIZONTAL PENETRATIONS MAY REQUIRE FIRE DAMPERS
- Structure Movement, Masonry Changes WEIGHT / LOADING MASONRY - THERMAL EXPANSION/CONTRAC MUST PROVIDE FOR - OR CRACKING Expansion Joints Within Masonry Wall Two-way Movement @ Change in Thickness, Height, or Openings JT REINFORCING / MORTAR MUST BE INTERUPTED Isolation Joints @ DISSIMALR MATERIALS
- Efflorescence FLUFFY WHITE POWDER @ SURFACE WATER SOLUBLE SALTS CAN BE CLEANED WATER INFILTRATION Mortar Joint Deterioration FREEZE THAW DELAY BY PROPER JOINT PROFILE TUCK POINTING - RACK OUT AND REPLACE Moisture Penetration COVERED PROPER JOINTS AND INSTALLATION COATINGS, MATERIAL SELECTION CAVITY CONSTRUCTION Cold Weather Construction MORTAR CAN’T FREEZE UNTIL CURED ENCLOSURES (HEATED) ADMIXTURES TO SPEED SETTING TIME Hot Weather – Mortar may dry out excessively