Basic Structures F09
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This document discusses basic structural engineering concepts including types of loads like dead and live loads, how loads are applied through stress, load per unit area, and concentrated vs uniform loads. It also covers moments created by force and distance, shear and bending forces, lateral loads, and the shapes of column and beam cross-sections.
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We are also known as green smart and environment friendly builders in the area of Victoria and make available beautiful homes located in the area of Victoria.
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The document outlines the key stages of construction for a building project, including:
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The document reports on the construction of three sites - a fire station in Kuala Lumpur, an eco-friendly mosque in Cyberjaya, and terrace houses in Klang. It introduces the projects, provides an overview of each site, and discusses site safety precautions, machinery and equipment used, site preparation processes, and various construction stages. Photos are included to illustrate the different elements discussed in the report.
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AS1684 provides guidance for timber framed construction in non-cyclonic areas. It contains span tables to help size timber members for roofs, walls, and floors based on wind zone and timber grade. Designers should start at the roof and work down, considering load paths and increasing member sizes for longer spans or indirect loads. Span refers to the distance between supports, while spacing is the distance between member centerlines.
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The document summarizes the construction process observed at a construction site visited by the authors. It describes the site location and type of buildings being constructed. Safety measures at the site include signage and required protective equipment. Various plants and machinery used at different stages are discussed, including excavators, backhoes, cranes and concrete mixers. Foundations works involving piling and excavations are mentioned.
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The document discusses different types of roof membranes, including built-up roof (BUR) membranes made of multiple felts and asphalt layers, modified bitumen roof (MBR) membranes made of polymer-modified asphalt sheets, and single-ply roof (SPR) membranes made of synthetic polymer sheets. It also describes some common polymers used in modified bitumen membranes like SBS and APP and materials used in felts like organic fibers, glass fibers, and asphalt or coal tar coatings. Finally, it mentions two common types of single-ply membranes - EPDM, a synthetic rubber membrane, and PVC or TPO thermoplastic membranes.
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The cargo container revolutionized global trade by standardizing shipping containers. Containers allowed for more efficient loading and transport of goods worldwide. They are a success because they are strong, stackable, and their dimensions fit the needs of shippers and global infrastructure like cranes and trucks.
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The document discusses the model building process used in schematic design and design development. It describes different types of models like concept models, site contour models, and presentation models. It provides guidance on materials to use, such as matte board, foamcore board, and corrugated cardboard. It recommends X-Acto knives for cutting and provides tips for representing vegetation, grass, and roads in an abstract way in models.
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