Presentation on building bye laws as per GTU (syllabus) building & town planning.
It is my first presentation on slide share so please give suggestion on given topic or any other requirement.
Thank you.
Prefabrication is the practice of assembling components of a structure in a factory or other manufacturing site, and transporting them to the construction site where the structure is to be located.
Presentation on building bye laws as per GTU (syllabus) building & town planning.
It is my first presentation on slide share so please give suggestion on given topic or any other requirement.
Thank you.
Prefabrication is the practice of assembling components of a structure in a factory or other manufacturing site, and transporting them to the construction site where the structure is to be located.
This presentation defines and enables the readers to understand the concept of modular construction and the aspects and applicability for the execution of modular construction.
Low cost housing refers to houses that are inexpensive to build. IT doesn't mean that the houses will be inexpensive to live in.
The goal of low-cost housing is to save money while also maintaining buildings quality.
Following Properties Reduces Cost of Construction:
Locally available materials .
Improved skills and technology.
Without sacrificing the strength, performance and life of the structure.
It is the presentation based on precast concrete construction which includes each and every point and scope which may be useful to civil engineering students
A prefabricated building, informally a prefab, is a building that is manufactured and constructed using prefabrication. It consists of factory-made components or units that are transported and assembled on-site to form the complete building.
For more visit: https://multidecor.in/
This presentation defines and enables the readers to understand the concept of modular construction and the aspects and applicability for the execution of modular construction.
Low cost housing refers to houses that are inexpensive to build. IT doesn't mean that the houses will be inexpensive to live in.
The goal of low-cost housing is to save money while also maintaining buildings quality.
Following Properties Reduces Cost of Construction:
Locally available materials .
Improved skills and technology.
Without sacrificing the strength, performance and life of the structure.
It is the presentation based on precast concrete construction which includes each and every point and scope which may be useful to civil engineering students
A prefabricated building, informally a prefab, is a building that is manufactured and constructed using prefabrication. It consists of factory-made components or units that are transported and assembled on-site to form the complete building.
For more visit: https://multidecor.in/
Contents:
1.history
2.what is precast concrete and why it is called so?
3.properties
4.features
5.precast concrete structural elements
6.types
7.advantages
8.disadvantages
Pre-Cast Technology: An Initial Step to Sustainable Developmentijsrd.com
Erection of precast construction unit is a complex mechanized process for continuous assembly of buildings and installation of prefabricated elements and components. Precast construction provides advantages over conventional practice by costing the pre definite size of the members (penal, walls, beams, columns) in the factory. In this technique the structural members specially made of concrete that has been cast into form prior being transported to its construction location for the final installation work. Precast construction technique is the first step to satisfy the demand of sustainable housing for the population in developing country. It is also one of faster construction process which also provides high quality. This Paper cover different types of precast construction system, its main features, equipment required for the construction work and its installation process for different type of components.
Conventional Indian construction industry has been forced to look for technology to address its demand & supply gap, diminishing skilled labour and stringent time frame.
Precast concrete construction methodology fits perfectly as an alternative for traditional construction with shorter construction duration and reduction in labor, while exceeding quality standards of conventional construction practices in India.
The success of this technology fully depends on the Architects, the Structural engineers and the Execution team who are willing to adapt this change from convention method of construction to the precast construction. Change gives us a lot of opportunity to adapt, innovate and implement new efficient technology which will be beneficial to the society at large margin.
This technology is becoming trend due to its huge advantages. But in recent past hazards attended to such construction due to collapse. So from the Structural Engineering point of view we have to design keeping in mind the structural safety against this type of collapse.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
2. Definition :Definition :
Prefabrication is the practice of assembling components of a structurep g p
in a factory or other manufacturing site, and transporting complete
assemblies or sub-assemblies to the construction site where the
structure is to be locatedstructure is to be located.
Meaning :Meaning :
The assembly of buildings or their components at a location otherThe assembly of buildings or their components at a location other
than the building site.
The method controls construction costs by economizing on time,
d i lwages, and materials.
Prefabricated units may include doors, stairs, window, walls, wall
panels, floor panels, roof trusses, room-sized components, andpanels, floor panels, roof trusses, room sized components, and
even entire buildings.
The term is used to distinguish this process from the more
l f h bconventional construction practice of transporting the basic
material to the construction site where all assembly is carried out.
3. PREFABRICATIONPREFABRICATION
Prefabricated building is the completely assembled and
erected building of which is the structural parts consist oferected building, of which is the structural parts consist of
prefabricated individual units or assemblies using ordinary
or controlled materials.
5. AIMS OF PREFABRICATION
CONSTRUCTION
Prefabrication is used to effect economy in
costcost.
Components manufactured under controlled
conditions.conditions.
The speed of construction is increased since
no curing period is necessary.
Prefabrication helps in the use of locally
available materials with required
h i i lik li h i hcharacteristics like light-weight; easy
workability, thermal insulation, non-
combustibility etccombustibility, etc.
6. ADVANTAGES OF PREFABRICATIONADVANTAGES OF PREFABRICATION
• High quality product
L b l t d i• Labor related savings
• Savings in time
• Overall efficiency is greatly increased• Overall efficiency is greatly increased
• Mass production is easier and quick
• Protected and controlled production environmentProtected and controlled production environment
• Potential for lower production costs and other cost
savings
• Independence of climatic conditions
• The disruption of traffic is avoided
E hi h d f S f• Ensures high degree of Safety
7. CHARACTERISTICS ARETO BECHARACTERISTICS ARETO BE
CONSIDEREDCONSIDEREDCONSIDEREDCONSIDERED
Easy availability;
Li h i h f h dli dLight weight for easy handling and transport,
and to economies on sections and sizes of
foundations;foundations;
Thermal insulation property;
E k bilitEasy workability;
Durability in all weather conditions;
N b ibiliNon-combustibility;
Economy in cost, and
Sound insulation.
8. Disadvantages :Disadvantages :
Careful handling of prefabricated components such as concrete panels or
steel and glass panels is required.
Attention has to be paid to the strength and corrosion-resistance of theAttention has to be paid to the strength and corrosion-resistance of the
joining of prefabricated sections to avoid failure of the joint.
Similarly, leaks can form at joints in prefabricated components.
Transportation costs may be higher for voluminous prefabricated
sections than for the materials of which they are made, which can often
be packed more compactlybe packed more compactly.
Large prefabricated sections require heavy-duty cranes and precision
measurement and handling to place in position.g p p
9. MATERIALSTO BE USED INMATERIALSTO BE USED IN
PREFABRICATION SYSTEMPREFABRICATION SYSTEMPREFABRICATION SYSTEMPREFABRICATION SYSTEM
Concrete,
Steel,
Treated wood,
Aluminum,
Cellular concrete,
Light weight concrete elements,
Ceramic products, etcp
10. COMPONENTS OF PREFABCOMPONENTS OF PREFAB
CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION
Flooring and Roofing Scheme
Beams
Columns
Walls
Staircase
Lintels
Sunshade/Chajja Projectionsjj j
11. PREFABRICATION SYSTEMSPREFABRICATION SYSTEMS
The system of prefabricated construction depends on the extent of the
use of prefab components, their materials sizes and the technique adopted
f h i f d i b ildifor their manufacture and use in building.
12. VARIOUS PREFABRICATION SYSTEMSVARIOUS PREFABRICATION SYSTEMS
OPEN PREFAB SYSTEM
This system is based on the use of the basic structural elements to formy
whole or part of a building.The standard prefab concrete components
which can be used are:-
Reinforced concrete channel units,
Hollow core slabs,
Hollow blocks and battens,
Precast planks and battens,
Precast joists and tilesPrecast joists and tiles,
Cellular concrete slabs,
Prestressed/reinforced concrete slabs,
Reinforced/prestressed concrete beams,
Reinforced/prestressed concrete columns,
Precast lintels and chajjas,
Reinforced concrete waffle slabs/shells,
Room size reinforced/prestressed concrete panels,Room size reinforced/prestressed concrete panels,
Reinforced/prestressed concrete walling elements, and
Reinforced/prestressed concrete trusses
13. CATEGORIES OF OPEN PREFABCATEGORIES OF OPEN PREFAB
SYSTEMSSYSTEMSSYSTEMSSYSTEMS
There are two categories of open prefab systems
d di h f f b i i d i hdepending on the extent of prefabrication used in the
construction as given below:
Partial prefab open systemPartial prefab open system
Full prefab open system
14. PARTIAL PREFAB OPENPARTIAL PREFAB OPEN
SYSTEMSYSTEMSYSTEMSYSTEM
This system basically emphasizes the use of precast roofing
and flooring components and other minor elements likeand flooring components and other minor elements like
lintels, chajjas, kitchen sills in conventional building
construction.The structural system could be in the form of
f k l d b llin-situ framework or load bearing walls.
15. FULL PREFAB OPEN SYSTEMFULL PREFAB OPEN SYSTEMFULL PREFAB OPEN SYSTEMFULL PREFAB OPEN SYSTEM
In this system almost all the structural components are
P f b i d Th fill ll b f b i k hPrefabricated.The filler walls may be of bricks or any other
local material.
16. LARGE PANEL PREFAB SYSTEM
This system is based on the use of large prefab components.
The components such as Precast concrete large panels for wallsThe components such as Precast concrete large panels for walls,
floors, roofs, balconies, staircase, etc. The casting of the
components could be at the site or off the site.
17. CLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURALCLASSIFICATION OF STRUCTURAL
SCHEMEWITH PRECAST LARGE PANELSCHEMEWITH PRECAST LARGE PANELSCHEMEWITH PRECAST LARGE PANELSCHEMEWITH PRECAST LARGE PANEL
Wall Systems
CrossWall System - In this scheme, the cross wall
are load bearing walls whereas the facadeWalls are
non load bearing this system is suitable for high risenon-load bearing this system is suitable for high rise
buildings.
Longitudinal Wall System - In this scheme the cross
walls are non-load bearing whereas Longitudinal walls
are load bearing walls.This system is suitable for low
rise buildings.rise buildings.
A combination of the above system with all load bearing
walls can also be adopted.
18. PRECAST FLOORS
precast flooring units could be homogeneous or non
homogeneous.g
Homogeneous floors :- could be solid slabs, cored slabs, ribbed
or waffle slabs.
N h fl ld b l l d hNon-homogeneous floors :- could be multi-layered ones with
combinations of light weight Concrete or reinforced/prestressed
concrete, with filler blocks
19. STAIRCASE SYSTEMS
Staircase system could consist of single flights with in-built
risers and treads in the element only.The flights are normally
unidirectional transferring the loads to supporting landingg pp g g
slabs or load bearing walls.
20. BOXTYPE CONSTRUCTION
In this system, room size units are prefabricated and erected
at site Toilets and kitchen blocks also be similarlyat site.Toilets and kitchen blocks also be similarly
prefabricated and erected at site.
This system derives its stability and stiffness from the box unit
which are formed by the four adjacent walls.Walls are jointed
to make rigid connections among themselves.The box unit
rests on the plinth foundation which may be of conventionalrests on the plinth foundation which may be of conventional
type or precast type.
21. JOINTSJOINTSJOINTSJOINTS
The joints should be provided in the light of their assessment with respect
to the following considerations:
Feasibility -The feasibility of joint shall be determined by its loads-
carrying capacity in the particular situation in which the joints is to
function.function.
Practicability -Practicability of joint shall be determined by the
amount and type of Material, fabrication and erection and the time for
fabrication and erectionfabrication and erection.
Serviceability - Serviceability shall be determined by the
joints/expected behavior to Repeated or possible overloading and
li i h i l di iexposure to climatic or chemical conditions.
Fire-Proofing -
Appearance -Appearance
22. JOINTTECHNIQUES/MATERIALS NORMALLYJOINTTECHNIQUES/MATERIALS NORMALLY
EMPLOYED ARE:EMPLOYED ARE:
Welding if cleats or projecting steel.
Overlapping reinforcement loops and linking steelOverlapping reinforcement, loops and linking steel
grouted by concrete.
Reinforced concrete ties all round a slabReinforced concrete ties all round a slab.
Prestressing.
Epoxy groutingEpoxy grouting.
Bolts and nuts connection, and
A combination of the aboveA combination of the above.
23. Components Fixing and Jointing :Components Fixing and Jointing :
A h b i b ilt ithA house being built with
prefabricated concrete panels
The steel formwork for the
core wall construction.
Prefabricated wall panels being
installed in public housing
25. PRECASTING METHODPRECASTING METHODPRECASTING METHODPRECASTING METHOD
INDIVIDUAL MOULD METHOD
U i ld hi h b il bl d f b dUsing mould which may be easily assembled out of bottom and
sides, transportable , if necessary this may be either in timber or in
steel using needle or mould vibrations and capable of taking
prestressing forcesprestressing forces.
Used in – Rib Slab, beams, Girders window panels, box type
units and special elements.
26. BATTERY FORM METHODBATTERY FORM METHODBATTERY FORM METHODBATTERY FORM METHOD
BATTERY FORM METHOD
B f h d h i l b dj d i hBattery form method shuttering panels may be adjusted in the
form of a battery at the required distances equal to the thickness
if the concrete members.
U d i I W ll ( P l Sh ll l f dUsed in – InteriorWalls ( Panels, Shell elements, reinforced
concrete, battens, rafters , purlines, roof and floor slabs.
27. STACK METHODSTACK METHODSTACK METHODSTACK METHOD
BATTERY FORM METHOD
U d i Fl d R f l b lUsed in – Floor and Roof slabs panels.
29. LONG LINE PRESTRESSING BEDLONG LINE PRESTRESSING BED
METHODMETHOD METHODMETHODMETHODMETHOD METHODMETHOD
BATTERY FORM METHOD
U d i D bl ib l b li d bUsed in – Double tees, rib slabs, purlines and beams.
30. EXTRUSION METHODEXTRUSION METHOD
BATTERY FORM METHOD - Long concrete mould with
constant cross section and vibration will be done automatically justconstant cross section and vibration will be done automatically just
as in concrete roads.
Used in – roof slabs, concrete walls, panels and beams.
31. LimitationsLimitations of Prefabricationof Prefabrication
1. Small number of units required may prove to be
uneconomical.
2. Special connections, such as special bearings to
t it th ti l d h i t l l d ddtransmit the vertical and horizontal loads, can add
cost to the system.
3 Waterproofing at joints3. Waterproofing at joints.
4. Transportation difficulties.
5. Need for cranes.5. Need for cranes.