Port Dickson is located in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia and has a port, two refineries, and numerous condominiums. Several factors have contributed to the deterioration of water quality in Port Dickson, including insufficient sewage treatment, coastal construction, land reclaiming, tourism activities, and shipping issues. This has led to impacts like poisoning of marine life from plastic pollution, abundant algal growth depleting oxygen levels, water-borne diseases, degraded water quality, and reduced water transparency. Monitoring of water quality indicators and management measures like using microbes to treat oil spills, building seawalls, and water quality monitoring are needed to protect the local marine ecosystem.

2. • PORT DICKSON IS LOCATED AT NEGERI SEMBILAN.
• IT HAS A PORT, TWO REFINERIES, AND NUMEROUS
CONDOMINIUMS.
• STRAITS OF MALACCA AND THE SOUTH CHINA SEA ARE
UNDER THE ADMINISTRATION OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES.
• DISCHARGE WASTEWATER, BOTH TREATED AND
UNTREATED SEWAGE INCREASED AS THE COASTAL
POPULATION INCREASED.

3. • TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE WATER QUALITY IS
IMCOMPLIANCE WITH RULES AND REGULATION.
• TO PROTECT THE THRIVING AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS.
• TO MAINTAIN THE RESOURCES AT THE COASTAL
AREA.

4. BACKGROUND
• Marine water quality is monitored by the
Department of Environment (DOE) in
Peninsular Malaysia since 1978 and 1985 in
Sabah and Sarawak
• Identify the marine water quality status and to
determine the degree of pollution from both the
land-based sources and the sea-based sources
• Parameters are dissolved oxygen (DO) ammonia
(NH3) , faecal coliform, total suspended solids
(TSS), Oil and Grease (O&G) , nitrate (NO3) and
phosphate (PO4)

5. Location: Port Dickson

6. Location: Port Dickson
Polluted

7. • One of the longest beaches in Malaysia
• Water has been analyzed in terms of
physico-chemical parameters, nutrients,
organic carbon, microbiological and
heavy metals to indicate environmental
pollution
• Accumulation of heavy metals in water,
sediment and biomonitors are crucial in
Port Dickson

8. Tourism
Activities
Insufficient
Sewage Water
Treatment
Land
Reclaiming
Activities
Coastal Zone
Management
Construction
Shipping Issues that
cause
Deterioration of
Water Quality
in Port Dickson

9. 1. Tourism Activities
– Development of tourism
area created a demand
for facilities and services.
– Rapid tourism
development activities
caused sea water
pollution, coastal erosion
and deposition: Increase
production of rubbish.
2. Insufficient Sewage
Water Treatment
– Most of the sewages are
discharged from hotels and
houses have directly flow
into the sea in Port Dickson
– Cause heavy metal
pollution, microbiological
pollution and increase level
of nutrient concentration.

10. 3. Land Reclaiming Activities
– Due to population
expansion and
industrialisation.
– Alters the coastal land form:
cause erosion or pollution
to the coastal area .
4. Coastal Zone
Management Construction
– Construction of hotels on
the beach cause pollution
on environment and
deteriorate water quality.

11. 5. Shipping
– development of shipping activities and poor shipping
practices might lead to massive marine pollution and
damage
– congested shipping lanes can also cause level of
pollution such as chance of oil spills and accident to
increase

12. Impacts On Marine Ecosystem And
Water Quality
• To determine how much impact on marine ecosystem and
water quality happen in the study area, indicators needed
to know their level quality of physical and chemical water
quality.
• The indicators include:
• Nutrients (e.g. nitrogen, phosphorus)
• Microalgal growth (e.g. chlorophyll-a)
• Water clarity (e.g. turbidity, suspended solids, Secchi depth)
• pH
• dissolved oxygen
• salinity
• metals (e.g. lead, copper)
• pesticides

13. • Through all this indicator, there some
impact had been determined at study area
where they causing:
• poisoning, blockages and death
• abundant growth of algae
• water-borne diseases
• degradation of the marine water quality
• reduce the transparency of water.

14. Poisoning, Blockages And
Death
• Human-induced pollution are junk
such as plastic and change in pH in
sea. The former can cause poisoning,
blockages and death.
• Eg: turtles getting caught up in plastic
and either chocking or starving to
death
Abundant Growth Of
Algae
•oil spills, particles come from soaps and
synthetic clothing, and infiltrate many food
chains also causing many negative impacts
towards marine ecosystem.
•Eg :polluted water, due to abundant growth
of algae, the oxygen content becomes lesser,

15. Water-Borne Diseases
•The diseases so transmitted are
chiefly caused by micro-organisms
and parasites.
•certain chemicals present in
polluted water which may cause
diseases like nephritis, wrist drop,
foot drop and etc
Degradation Of The Marine Water
Quality
there are 82 wastewater pipe lines
discharge wastewater including sewage
from hotels and houses directly
into the sea and causing degradation
of the marine water quality (Kadaruddin,
1997) .

16. Reduce The Transparency Of Water.
•The turbidity caused by the presence of
colloidal or suspended matter is the
characteristic trait of sewage and industrial
effluents.
•The more the turbidity, the stronger is the
sewage or effluent and the effects are
worse.
•Eg: Foam
•All this reduce transparency of water

17. MANAGEMENT MEASURES
1) Use microorganisms
 Such as Bacteria
 To clean up oil spills on the sea
surface
2) Build Seawalls
 To avoid erosion
 Costly

18. 3) Monitoring
 To know the water
quality
 The report must sent to
DOE