Short information on toxic chemical that can pollute marine water which also can affect human health and environment. Credit to the video : U.S MARINE YOUTUBE ACCOUNT

1. TOXIC CHEMICAL POLLUTION
IN MARINE WATER
ANI SUHANA BINTI SHAHBAN EH07150003
MOHD RAHMAT BIN HOSINAIN EH07150009
NORAQILAH BINTI NASUDIN EH07150016
NUR HANISSA BT MOHD RAFEE EH07150021
NURUL JANNAH BINTI NORDIN EH07150027

2. MARINE POLLUTION
• (UN DEFINITION) : the introduction by man directly or indirectly of substances or
energy to the marine environment resulting in deleterious effects such as : hazards on
human health, hindrance to marine activities, impairment of the quality of seawater of
various uses and reduction of amenities.

3. INTRODUCTION
• Chemicals that we use on land can seep into our drinking water, waterways and reach our
oceans, rivers and lakes.
• The first evidence of marine water pollution on a global and local scale was shown in the
mid-20th century both from waste dumping and oil spills.
• Ship accidents in various places affected seriously the quality of marine water and presented
physical and chemical damage to key ocean habitats.
• Weakens the ability of marine plants and animals to survive the second danger.
• Weakens efficient industrial fishing.
• More than 100,000 chemicals are used enter the marine environment via atmospheric
transport, runoff into waterways, or direct disposal into the ocean.
• Three general categories of chemicals are of particular concern in the marine environment:
oil, toxic metals and persistent organic pollutants.

4. • Eighty percent of pollution to the marine environment comes from the land.
• Nonpoint source pollution can make river and ocean water unsafe for humans and wildlife.
• Nonpoint source pollution includes many small sources, like septic tanks, cars, trucks, and
boats, plus larger sources, such as farms, ranches, and forest areas.
• Top soil or silt from fields or construction sites can run off into waterways, harming fish and
wildlife habitats.

5. • When large tracts of land are plowed, the exposed soil can erode during rainstorms. Much of
this runoff flows to the sea, carrying with it agriculture fertilizers and pesticides.

6. EFFECT TOXIC CHEMICAL IN MARINE
WATER
ENVIRONMENT:
• Acidification
• Underwater noise.
• Eutrophication
• Development Oil Slick
• Extinction of Coral reef
• Imbalanced food chain.
HUMAN HEALTH:
• Chemicals such as oil, mercury, lead, pesticides,
and other heavy metals can all be found within
the ocean and can contaminate water supplies
and our food chain by affecting the marine life
involved.
• If humans are exposed to these toxic chemicals
for long periods of time, then this can result in
dangerous health problems, which include
hormonal issues, reproductive issues, and
damage to our nervous systems and kidneys.

7. SOLUTION
• One solution would be cleaning the oceans and the shores. Someone one could simply
pick up trash along the shorelines or organize a group and help clean the ocean. You
could even encourage people to clean the oceans by making posters, telling people about
pollution and its affects on people and animals.

8. MITIGATION MEASURES
• There are specialists and veterinarians to deal with oiled wildlife. These experts are trained
on how to clean oil from animals, rehabilitate them, and return them to the environment.
• Agencies work together to monitor, assess, and limit nonpoint source pollution that may
result naturally and by human actions.
• Correcting the harmful effects of nonpoint source pollution is costly.
• Proxy methods were used to estimate the intensity of chemical pollution based on the
amount of pesticides used by each country.
• Bivalve molluscs have been used to assess the levels of contamination in marine
ecosystems, and certain genera and species, notably mussels and oysters, have been
extensively studied in temperate waters.

9. • Bivalve mollusks (e.g., clams, oysters, mussels, scallops) have an external covering that is a two-
part hinged shell that contains a soft-bodied invertebrate.

10. LAWS AND REGULATION RELATED
WATER ACT 1920
Section 7A (1) - a person is prohibited from releasing or removing the following items into the river:
A) any poisonous, dangerous, or poisonous thing that makes the river or any part thereof harmful or
cause human health, safety or human well-being, or to animals and plants or other beneficial uses to
the river.
B) Any thing which is due to its temperature, chemical or biological content or the effects of water that
makes it rivers harmful to the health or life of humans, animals or damaging plants;
C) Any physical thing or its shape or effect makes the owner difficult to be treated;
D) Removing any type of oil, chemical waste in waste.
Section 7A (2) - including groundwater, groundwater and water
Water is connected to the sea.

11. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT 1974
• Section 25 (2) - A person's treatment of acts
• Remove, release or precipitate "waste". "Waste" is defined under Section 2 of the Act,
including any matter described as waste and any matter, whether liquid, fog or radioactive,
released, removed, or deposited in the environment in many compositions or methods which
result in a modification To the environment.
• Section 27 - Removing oil into Malaysian waters prohibited.
• Section 29 - Discharge off into Malaysian waters prohibited.

12. CASES INSIDE THE COUNTRY
• This incidence occurred in Kuantan, Pahang from year 2005 till 2016.
• Bauxite chemical pollution caused by the mining which progressed by unresponsible party illegally.
• This natural source contain radioactive was taken for the constant supply of Aluminium.
• Red bauxite dust hung in the air and settled on streetlights, pavements and signboards near mining
sites and roads.
• Water and air pollution from bauxite mining in Kuantan has been uncontrolled. Rivers and seawater
are changing colours due to corrosion and red dust fill the air space in the mining area, along the way
of the ore truck carrier and in the port area.
• More urgently, local communities are the main victims of environmental pollution. Of course, this
bauxite mining process goes beyond natural conservation.
• The pollution gets to the ocean by runoff water.
• Marine plants and aquatic animals could not survive the danger and affected the human who consume
it.

14. CASES OUTSIDE THE COUNTRY
• Occurred in July 23, 2008
• Oil spill in New Orleans caused by 600 foot tanker collided with 200 foot fuel barge
tearing the barge in half.
• Seven hundred thousand gallons oil leaked from the barge and gets into fast flowing
Mississippi River towards the ocean.
• Immediately threat drinking water intakes and wildlife.
• Birds : hard to fly, oiled sea otter : hypothermia.
• Shut down beaches and public evacuation.

15. CONCLUSION
• Pollution in the oceans will directly affect ocean organisms but indirectly affect human
health and resources. When pollutants in enormous amounts are added to a body of
water the water’s free oxygen supply is depleted killing off beneficial organisms.
• Eutrophication is an example of what can happen from chemical pollution, as it is caused by
excess nutrients enter the water system and promote the excessive growth of invasive species
which effectively removes oxygen from water and chokes the life out of the ecosystem.
• Many pollutants are released into the environment way upstream away from coastlines.
Nitrogen rich fertilizers used by farmers inland and end up in rivers, ground water, and
local streams and are eventually dumped into estuaries, bays, and deltas. Scientist have
counted 400 such dead zones around the world. Now you know about marine pollution.
So are you going to help?

16. REFERENCES
• http://www.theworldcounts.com/stories/Chemical_Pollution_Examples
• http://www.oceanhealthindex.org/methodology/components/chemical-pollution
• http://site.iugaza.edu.ps/elnabris/files/2015/09/1_What-is-pollution.pdf
• https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/bivalve.html
• https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/oilimpacts.html
• https://search.noaa.gov/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&affiliate=oceantoday.noaa.gov&que
ry=toxic+in+marine+waters

17. “
”
SMALLACT WHEN
MULTIPLIED BY MILLIONS
OF PEOPLE CAN
TRANSFORM THE WORLD.
THANK YOU