The seminar document discusses various types of marine pollution including sewage, pesticides, plastics, metals, oil, sediment, heat, radiation, and dredge spoils. It outlines the sources and effects of these pollutants on marine life and humans. Prevention methods include reducing pollutants, removing waste, controlling oil spills, and adopting clean technologies and practices.
Toxic chemical pollution in marine waterHanissa Rafee
Short information on toxic chemical that can pollute marine water which also can affect human health and environment.
Credit to the video : U.S MARINE YOUTUBE ACCOUNT
Coral reef Threats, conservation and Restoration.pptxVIRENDRA KUMAR
Coral reefs are some of the most diverse ecosystems in the world. About 25% of the ocean's fish depend on healthy coral reefs. Unfortunately, coral reef ecosystems are severely threatened. Some threats are natural, such as diseases, predators, and storms. Other threats are caused by people, including pollution, sedimentation, unsustainable fishing practices, and climate change, which is raising ocean temperatures and causing ocean acidification. Saving and restoring the world's coral reefs requires a multi-pronged approach that ranges from the local to the global level.
Marine pollution, its impact on marine life and remedial measures against wat...MD. JAKIR HOSEN
Ocean is a source of valuable resources. It impacts a lot on the whole environment of the earth. So a perfect use is very necessary for the ocean. This slide is very effective about marine pollution and its remedial measures.
Sustainable development (WATER POLLUTION)Abdul Qayum
Safe water and adequate sanitation are indispensable for healthy ecosystems, reducing poverty, and achieving inclusive growth, social well and being and sustainable livelihoods.
routes of enterence of pollutants inaquatic ecosystemimranrohi56
Of the major routes of contamination for the aquatic environment, the most significant are directly from treated and untreated waste waters, run-off and atmospheric deposition (including spray drift) and indirectly from leaching.rinking water is derived from either surface waters or groundwater. The latter is of enormous importance, with more than 65% of Europe's drinking water needs being supplied in this way. However, water from either source is rarely, if ever, pure. Industrialization and urbanization together with intensified agricultural activity have led to increased demands for water on the one hand but to the potential for large scale release of contaminants on the other. The result is that surface water can be contaminated through direct or indirect emissions and groundwater can be contaminated by leaching from the soil. The diversity and number of existing and potential sources of chemical contamination are quite large.
In this PPT you will learn about Marine Pollution. Kindly Go through the PPT.
Contents:-
Marine Pollution / Ocean Pollution
Causes of Marine / Ocean Pollution
Effects of ocean pollution
Global Initiatives
International conventions
Greenpeace
How to prevent Ocean pollution?
The oceans cover over 70% of the globe. Its health, wellbeing of humanity and the living environment that sustains us all are inextricably linked. Yet neglect of ocean acidification, climate change, polluting activities and over-exploitation of marine resources have made oceans, one of the earth’s most threatened ecosystems.
Marine pollution, also known as ocean pollution, is the spreading of harmful substances such as oil, plastic, industrial and agricultural waste and chemical particles into the ocean.
Toxic chemical pollution in marine waterHanissa Rafee
Short information on toxic chemical that can pollute marine water which also can affect human health and environment.
Credit to the video : U.S MARINE YOUTUBE ACCOUNT
Coral reef Threats, conservation and Restoration.pptxVIRENDRA KUMAR
Coral reefs are some of the most diverse ecosystems in the world. About 25% of the ocean's fish depend on healthy coral reefs. Unfortunately, coral reef ecosystems are severely threatened. Some threats are natural, such as diseases, predators, and storms. Other threats are caused by people, including pollution, sedimentation, unsustainable fishing practices, and climate change, which is raising ocean temperatures and causing ocean acidification. Saving and restoring the world's coral reefs requires a multi-pronged approach that ranges from the local to the global level.
Marine pollution, its impact on marine life and remedial measures against wat...MD. JAKIR HOSEN
Ocean is a source of valuable resources. It impacts a lot on the whole environment of the earth. So a perfect use is very necessary for the ocean. This slide is very effective about marine pollution and its remedial measures.
Sustainable development (WATER POLLUTION)Abdul Qayum
Safe water and adequate sanitation are indispensable for healthy ecosystems, reducing poverty, and achieving inclusive growth, social well and being and sustainable livelihoods.
routes of enterence of pollutants inaquatic ecosystemimranrohi56
Of the major routes of contamination for the aquatic environment, the most significant are directly from treated and untreated waste waters, run-off and atmospheric deposition (including spray drift) and indirectly from leaching.rinking water is derived from either surface waters or groundwater. The latter is of enormous importance, with more than 65% of Europe's drinking water needs being supplied in this way. However, water from either source is rarely, if ever, pure. Industrialization and urbanization together with intensified agricultural activity have led to increased demands for water on the one hand but to the potential for large scale release of contaminants on the other. The result is that surface water can be contaminated through direct or indirect emissions and groundwater can be contaminated by leaching from the soil. The diversity and number of existing and potential sources of chemical contamination are quite large.
In this PPT you will learn about Marine Pollution. Kindly Go through the PPT.
Contents:-
Marine Pollution / Ocean Pollution
Causes of Marine / Ocean Pollution
Effects of ocean pollution
Global Initiatives
International conventions
Greenpeace
How to prevent Ocean pollution?
The oceans cover over 70% of the globe. Its health, wellbeing of humanity and the living environment that sustains us all are inextricably linked. Yet neglect of ocean acidification, climate change, polluting activities and over-exploitation of marine resources have made oceans, one of the earth’s most threatened ecosystems.
Marine pollution, also known as ocean pollution, is the spreading of harmful substances such as oil, plastic, industrial and agricultural waste and chemical particles into the ocean.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• MARINE POLLUTION
• POLLUTANTS: SOURCES AND THEIR
EFFECTS
• PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF MARINE
POLLUTION
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
3. INTRODUCTION
• Oceans cover about 71% of the
Earth’s surface.
They play an important role in the
chemical and biological balance of
the life on the earth.
They are vital to our food security,
commerce and transportation.
But human activity has troubled
the health of oceans.
The habitats of marine mammals
and fish have been degraded
severely, with pollution responsible
for the mass deaths of fish,
mammals and corals.
•
•
•
•
• Organochloric pollutants,
pesticides, polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs) and a range of
other toxic pollutants accumulate
within fishes later moving up the
food chain to cause reproductive
disorders.
4. MARINE POLLUTION
• It is defined as the
discharge
substances
of waste
into the sea
resulting in harm to living
resources, hazards to
human health, hindrance to
fishery and impairment of
quality for use of sea-water.
Marine pollution is
associated with the changes
in physical, chemical and
biological conditions of the
sea water.
•
5. POLLUTANTS: SOURCES AND THEIR
EFFECTS
Pollutants can simply define as the materials which cause
pollution. The following are the important pollutants that
cause the marine pollution.
Sewage
Pesticides
Plastic wastes
Metallic wastes
Oil
Sediment plumes (by deep sea mining)
Heat
Radioactive waste
Dredge spoil
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
6. SEWAGE
➢ Sewage may be entering the
sea
– By direct drainage
– From inland towns and
industries.
– Tipping at sea from ships.
➢ Detrimental effects of
sewage include
–
–
–
Eutrophication
Deoxygenation
Foul deposits, Reduced salinity,
Infection and toxic residues,
7. PESTICIDES
• Pesticides are organically active
chemicals which are used for killing
the pests.
Pesticides may enter the oceans
•
– From the atmosphere after aerial spraying,
– From overland runoff of sprayed areas.
– From intentional dumping in the sea.
•
•
Pesticides affects food chain directly.
These are more and more
concentrated in fish, seagulls, seals,
penguins and marine planktons.
PCBs have been found to have a
series effect on this aquatic animal’s
reproductive cycle. And known to
•
cause patches
immunotoxicity,
on the skin,
kidney damage,
weight loss and tumor formation in
otters.
8. PLASTIC WASTES
• The mass of plastic in the oceans may be
as high as one hundred million metric
tons.
Many animals that live on or in the sea
consume flotsam by mistake, as it often
looks similar to their natural prey.
Plastic debris, when bulky or tangled, is
•
•
difficult to pass, and may become
permanently lodged in the digestive
tracts of these animals, blocking the
passage of food and causing death
through starvation or infection.
Fishing nets entangle fish, dolphins, sea
turtles, sharks, dugongs, crocodiles, sea
•
restricting movement,
birds, crabs, and other creatures,
causing
starvation, laceration and infection, and,
in those that need to return to the
surface to breathe, suffocation.
9. METALLIC WASTES
• Metallic chemical elements have a relatively
high density and toxic or poisonous at low
concentrations. Examples are mercury, lead,
nickel, arsenic, cadmium and so on.
Metallic wastes can be enter the marine
environment naturally
•
– through weathering of the earth’s crust.
– from rivers or by direct discharges.
– through the atmosphere also.
– These can enter the sea through oil spill
also.
• The use of antifouling paint on the bottoms of
boats has been implicated as a major source of
heavy metals in waters.
These toxic metals can accumulate in the
tissues of many species of aquatic life.
When we consume such fishes, it will affect
•
•
our nervous system, kidneys, brains,
respiratory system or even it will lead us to
death.
10. OIL
➢
•
•
•
•
•
Oil may enter the sea water by number of
ways as follows;
Cargo tanker washings at sea and international
discharge of oily wastes from tank washings
and accidental spillages pollute the sea water
severely.
• Bilge pumping at sea
• Import oil losses: collisions in port
• Tanker accidents and maritime accidents due
to collision, fire, explosion or grounding also
result in oil release in water.
Oil leakage from pipelines
The blowout of wells, disposal of drilling mud,
accidental damages to offshore drilling rigs add
to oil pollution in water.
Oily wastes from oil fields or refineries near
the coast.
Oil spills mixed with urban sewage, silt,
plastics, pesticides and insidious toxic
compounds are pervasive and complex the
pollution problems in sea.
13. OIL
➢
•
The overall detrimental effects of oil pollution sea
water are as follows;
• Reduction in dissolved oxygen.
• Reduction in light penetration.
• Oil spilling causes lethal toxicity to aquatic flora.
• Smothering coats of oil have killed lichens and
algae along the shore lines.
Sea otters will die when their fur become
saturated with oil by losing insulation.
• Waste from oil refineries and discharged
petroleum from ships cause heavy damage to
fishery.
Hydrocarbons in oil get incorporated in body
tissues of marine animals.
When the concentration of crude oil in the sea
water reaches 0.02ppm, fish eggs begin to hatch
irregularly or late, while the development of
already-hatched young fish or larval crabs and
lobsters becomes abnormal at oil concentrations
between 1 and 100ppm.
When men consume the fishes from oil polluted
sea water, it may result in breathing problems, and
can damage liver and kidneys.
•
•
•
14.
15.
16. SEDIMENT PLUMES
(BY DEEP SEA MINING)
• Because of deep sea mining,
the removing parts of the sea
floor, disturbs the habitat of
benthic organisms.
Plumes are caused when the
tailings from mining (usually
fine particles) are dumped back
into the ocean, creating a cloud
of particles floating in the
water.
There are two types of
plumes:
Near bottom plumes
Surface plumes
•
➢
•
•
17. HEAT
• Accumulation of unusable heat from
human activities can disrupts
ecosystems in the marine environment.
The most important sources of thermal
marine pollution are the nuclear power
plants and Thermal power plants.
These power plants use the sea water
•
•
for cooling. This water is generally
returned to the sea at temperatures 11
to 220C (20-400F), which is higher than it
was initially.
One nuclear power plant may use as
much as one billion gallons of sea water
per day.
Marine life is extremely sensitive to
changes in water temperature. Higher
temperatures can lead to premature
spawning, fish migration, lack of oxygen
or death of marine life.
•
•
18. RADIOACTIVE WASTE
➢
•
•
•
Radioactive materials enter to the
oceans mainly from following ways:-
From natural background source:
From fallout of nuclear weapons testing.
From operation of nuclear reactors
through intentional and unintentional
direct releases.
• Mining and processing of ores to produce
radioisotopes.
Emission from the industrial use of
nuclear energy.
Leakage from underground nuclear
detonations.
•
•
•
➢
From shipboard reactors.
Radioactive contaminate sea water will
consumed by plants during
photosynthesis acts as a medium for
radioactivity in them. By this, radionuclide
enter into the food chain of marine water.
• When men consume these radionuclide
fishes, it will cause cancers, leukemia, eye
cataract, DNA breakage and carcinoma in
humans.
19. DREDGE SPOILS
• Dredge spoils constitute the greatest
pollutant input by volume to the
oceans. Spoils from dredging or
mining of offshore minerals are
deposited within a few miles of
shore, where the potential impact is
the greatest.
Often they also contain sewage or
industrial waste solids and solids
from street runoff. Consequently,
•
they often contain objectionable
amounts of hazardous chemicals,
pathogens, or oil and may exert a
high oxygen demand on the
surrounding environment.
The damage which can be caused by
dredging is two fold:
➢
1. That occurring at the dredging
site, and
2. That occurring at the dredge
spoils disposal area.
20. PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF MARINE
POLLUTION
•
•
Stabilization of the ecosystem
Reutilization, recycling, renovation and
recharge of the waste
Removal of the pollutants
To control the oil pollution, following
methods are used
– Skimming
– By spreading a high density
•
•
powder over the oil patch, it can
be sunk to the bottom.
Biodegradation
Burning
Using a suitable absorbing
material.
–
–
–
• Heat can be removed from condenser
cooling waters prior to their disposal
into the marine water.
21. PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF MARINE
POLLUTION
•
•
Removal of phosphorus by electrolysis.
Adopting appropriate methods to remove
heavy metals from the marine water.
Radioactive wastes can be removed or
reduced by the ion-exchange techniques,
precipitation of radio-nuclides.
The impacts of deep sea mining can be
minimize or reduced by using proper mining
techniques.
Creating awareness on marine pollution.
Local communities near sea must protect
sea.
Management by government
Incentives must be offered for conservation.
Industrial units should be equipped with
pollution control instruments.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
22. CONCLUSION
• Oceans cover the earth’s surface about 71% and play
an important role in the chemical and biological
balance of the life on the earth.
These are rich with marine resources like minerals, oil
and marine life and the sea food supplies meet a
substantial food requirement of the world’s population.
If the marine life affected by the pollution and if they
carry pollutants in its biomass, the human population
may get the impact while consuming such resources.
Hence it is necessary to aware about the marine
pollution, and to protect the marine water from the
pollutants. So, necessary to prevent and control this
pollution.
Let us save our oceans and the huge marine ecosystem.
•
•
•
23. REFERENCES
• Asha Rao S. N.(2004), Environmental studies, Chethana book house, pp:128-130
• A K Tripathi, A K Srivastava and S N Pandey (edited , 1993), Advances in environmental sciences, Ashish
publishing house, pp:93-109
• B K Sharma(6thedition, 2001), Environmental chemistry , Goel publishing house, Meerut, pp:64-74
• D K Kumarswamy, Mr. A. Alayappa modes, Dr. M Vasanthy(1st edition,
oct,2004), Environmental studies,
• Bharathidaran University, Tiruchirapalli, pp:142-145
• K. Siddhartha(1999), Oceanography, a brief introduction, Kisalaya
publishing pvt ltd, pp:310-314 Paul. L. Bishop(1983), Marine
pollution and its control , McGraw-Hill Book Company.
• P K Goel (2000), Water pollution: causes, effects and control, new
age international (p) ltd.
BOOKS
•
•
•
•
•
24. THANK YOU
Group Member Roll.no
Abuzar Shaikh 3114
Shaikh Zoheb 3103
Mehfuz Shaikh 3116
Shaikh Ruman 3113
Guide By:
Prof. Kendre B.A