The document discusses the classification and properties of matter, explaining that matter can be classified as either mixtures which contain more than one type of matter, or as substances which cannot be separated into different types of matter. It also describes the four states of matter - solid, liquid, gas, and plasma - and how temperature influences the movement and arrangement of molecules in each state. Measurement techniques for determining the volume, mass, and amount of different types of matter are also outlined.

1. Ch 16: Properties of Matter
Mrs. Neistadt
Physical Science

2. Notes Chapter 16.1
*What is Matter?
*Matter is a term used to
describe anything that has mass
and takes up space.

3. Classifying Matter
• *Matter is divided into two
categories: mixtures and
substances.
• *Mixtures contain more than one
kind of matter.
– For example: Cola is a mixture of
carbonated water, corn syrup,
caramel color, phosphoric acid,
natural flavors and caffeine.

4. Two Types of Mixtures
• *A Homogeneous Mixture is the same
throughout.
– Examples: unopened cola, gasoline,
peanut butter
• *A Heterogeneous Mixture has differences
throughout a sample.
– Examples: chicken noodle soup, salad, rocky
road ice cream

5. What is a Substance
• *A Substance cannot be separated into
different kinds of matter by physical
methods. (sorting, filtering, heating,
cooling)
– Example: table salt (sodium + chlorine)
– *A substance that contains only ONE type of
matter is called an Element.
• Sodium is an element, as is chlorine

6. Periodic Table of Elements

7. What is a compound?
• * A Compound is a substance made of
two or more elements that cannot be
separated by physical means. (sorting,
heating, cooling, filtering)
• Is saltwater a
compound?

9. 16.1 Classifying Matter
Key Question:
How can a homogenous mixture be
separated?

10. Notes Chapter 16.2
Measuring Matter
Daily Question: How do we
measure matter?
1. If its liquid: find its volume
2. If its solid: find its mass
3. If its irregular: use the displacement
method

11. • To find the volume, simply
measure in a marked
container.
• To find mass, use a balance.

12. What if the item is an odd shape?
• The Displacement Method works to
find the mass of irregularly shaped
objects.

13. What is the volume of the objects?

14. How can we determine the
amount of matter in a rock?
1. Measuring the mass of the rock
on a balance
2. Measuring the volume of the
rock by using displacement
technique

15. Notes Chapter 16.3
DQ: What are the four states of matter?
(hint: pg 292)
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma

16. Molecules and Atoms
• *A Molecule is the smallest part of a
compound that retains its properties.
• *An Atom is the smallest part of an
element.
• Atoms are more than a trillion times
smaller than what we can see with a
microscope.

17. Atoms are always moving
• *At higher temperatures there is more
energy- so atoms move faster
• *At lower temperatures there is less
energy- so atoms move slower
• *Temperature influences the changes of
state of an atom or molecule.

18. States of Matter
• *Solid-
retains its shape and size;
Molecules vibrate, but cannot
change position.

19. States of Matter
• *Liquids- has a definite volume, but no
definite shape; molecules can move over
and around each other and will fit into
whatever container its poured into.

20. States of Matter
• *Gas- has no definite size or shape;
molecules float around freely and will
spread out evenly throughout the
container

21. States of Matter
• *Plasma- atoms heated to such high
temperature they lose their outer layer of
electrons. Not often found on Earth, but
makes up 99% of matter in the universe.

22. Create a Graph
Homogenous Heterogeneous Molecule Element
Mixture Mixture