Classification of Matter

1. Ch 16: Properties of Matter
Mrs. Neistadt
Physical Science

2. Notes Chapter 16.1
*What is Matter?
*Matter is a term used to
describe anything that has mass
and takes up space.

3. Classifying Matter
• *Matter is divided into two
categories: mixtures and
substances.
• *Mixtures contain more than one
kind of matter.
– For example: Cola is a mixture of
carbonated water, corn syrup,
caramel color, phosphoric acid,
natural flavors and caffeine.

4. Two Types of Mixtures
• *A Homogeneous Mixture is the same
throughout.
– Examples: unopened cola, gasoline,
peanut butter
• *A Heterogeneous Mixture has differences
throughout a sample.
– Examples: chicken noodle soup, salad, rocky
road ice cream

5. What is a Substance
• *A Substance cannot be separated into
different kinds of matter by physical
methods. (sorting, filtering, heating,
cooling)
– Example: table salt (sodium + chlorine)
– *A substance that contains only ONE type of
matter is called an Element.
• Sodium is an element, as is chlorine

6. Periodic Table of Elements

7. What is a compound?
• * A Compound is a substance made of
two or more elements that cannot be
separated by physical means. (sorting,
heating, cooling, filtering)
• Is saltwater a
compound?

9. 16.1 Classifying Matter
Key Question:
How can a homogenous mixture be
separated?

10. Notes Chapter 16.2
Measuring Matter
Daily Question: How do we
measure matter?
1. If its liquid: find its volume
2. If its solid: find its mass
3. If its irregular: use the displacement
method

11. • To find the volume, simply
measure in a marked
container.
• To find mass, use a balance.

12. What if the item is an odd shape?
• The Displacement Method works to
find the mass of irregularly shaped
objects.

13. What is the volume of the objects?

14. How can we determine the
amount of matter in a rock?
1. Measuring the mass of the rock
on a balance
2. Measuring the volume of the
rock by using displacement
technique

15. Notes Chapter 16.3
DQ: What are the four states of matter?
(hint: pg 292)
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma

16. Molecules and Atoms
• *A Molecule is the smallest part of a
compound that retains its properties.
• *An Atom is the smallest part of an
element.
• Atoms are more than a trillion times
smaller than what we can see with a
microscope.

17. Atoms are always moving
• *At higher temperatures there is more
energy- so atoms move faster
• *At lower temperatures there is less
energy- so atoms move slower
• *Temperature influences the changes of
state of an atom or molecule.

18. States of Matter
• *Solid-
retains its shape and size;
Molecules vibrate, but cannot
change position.

19. States of Matter
• *Liquids- has a definite volume, but no
definite shape; molecules can move over
and around each other and will fit into
whatever container its poured into.

20. States of Matter
• *Gas- has no definite size or shape;
molecules float around freely and will
spread out evenly throughout the
container

21. States of Matter
• *Plasma- atoms heated to such high
temperature they lose their outer layer of
electrons. Not often found on Earth, but
makes up 99% of matter in the universe.

22. Create a Graph
Homogenous Heterogeneous Molecule Element
Mixture Mixture