The document discusses the key parts and functions of leaves. It explains that leaves contain chlorophyll which makes them appear green. Leaves have a blade and veins which transport substances like water and minerals. Stomata on the lower leaf surface allow plants to breathe. Leaves act as the food factory of plants, manufacturing food through photosynthesis using sunlight, water and carbon dioxide. Photosynthesis produces oxygen and sugar as a byproduct, with the sugar transported through the plant. Plants and animals depend on each other, as plants produce oxygen for animals and animals produce carbon dioxide for plants. Food chains demonstrate how each organism depends on others as a source of food.

1. The Green Plants
www.reflectivelearn.com

2. Leaf
 Leaves appear green due to the
presence of chlorophyll.
 Parts of a leaf
 The flat part of the leaf is called Leaf
Blade
 Each leaf has one main vein and many
side veins
 The veins help in transportation of
substances like water, minerals and
prepared food to-and-from the leaf.
 The lower surface of the leaf has
stomata which helps a plant to breathe.
Parts of a leaf
www.reflectivelearn.com

3. Functions of a leaf
 The green leaves of a plant manufacture food. So
it is known as the food factory of a plant.
 Leaf helps the plant to breathe through the holes
called stomata.
 Trees on mountain have needle like leaves to
prevent water loss.
www.reflectivelearn.com

4. Leaves - Photosynthesis
 The process by which leaves
make their own food is
called Photosynthesis.
 Photo means ‘light’, synthesis means
‘to put together’.
 Green Plants make their own
food with help of chlorophyll
present in leaves
 Sunlight + Water + carbon
dioxide are used .
 Oxygen is given out in this
process.
Water is absorbed
by the roots and
carried by the
stem to the leaves
When light
falls on the
leaves, it is
absorbed by
chlorophyll
Carbon dioxide
is taken in
through
stomata
www.reflectivelearn.com

5. Leaves - Photosynthesis
• The food prepared by
process of
photosynthesis is
called sugar
• Stems and branches of
the plant take the
prepared food from
the leaves to other
parts of the plants.
• Extra food is stored as
starch in
roots, stems, leaves
,fruits and in flowers.
www.reflectivelearn.com

6. Interdependence of Plants and Animals
 Green plants are the food producers . Animals
depend on these plants for food.
 Plants give out oxygen, which is needed by
animals to breathe. Animals in return give out
carbon-di-oxide which is needed by plants to
produce food.
www.reflectivelearn.com

7. Food Chain
 A chain exists in nature for obtaining food.
 A chain that shows a series of organisms where
each member depends on the lower member in the
series for food is called a food chain.
 The interdependence of plants and animals in a
food chain helps to maintain a balance between
the number of plants and animals.
www.reflectivelearn.com