This document discusses water as a precious natural resource. It describes the water cycle, including evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. It also outlines the three states of water as solid, liquid, and gas. The document further details the main uses of water, which are agricultural (70%), domestic (8%), and industrial (22%). Some key conservation methods mentioned are fixing leaks, recycling water, improving irrigation, and rainwater harvesting.

1. Water: A precious resource
By,
Jaideep

2. • Water is a natural resource that is vital
for both plants and animals.
• Water exists in abundance on our planet
earth.

3. Forms of water
• There are three states of water, they are
solids, liquids and gaseous.
• Here is a diagram of Forms of Water

4. Water cycle
• What is Water cycle?
• The continuous circulation of water
in nature is called water cycle.

5. • Evaporation- The conversation of
liquid to vapour is called
evaporation.
• Condensation- The conversation of
vapour to liquid is called
condensation.
• Precipitation- The falling down of
water from clouds is called
precipitation.
• Transpiration- The loss of water
through water vapour is called
transpiration.

6. Uses of water
• The uses of water can be broadly divided
into agricultural, domestic and industrial
uses.
Agricultural needs
Industrial
22% needs
70%
8% Domestic
needs

7. Agricultural Use
• Water is used for irrigating fields
through canals, pipelines and drip
irrigation.
• Nearly 60% of the Indian population
depends on agriculture for their
living, and uses nearly 90% of all
water for irrigation.

8. Percentage of water
varies in different
living organisms.
Tree:60%, Tomato: 90%,
Elephant: 80%.

9. Domestic Use
• Water is used for cooking, bathing,
cleaning, etc…
• Water is supplied by the municipality
or from wells/bore wells.

11. Industrial Use
• Water is used in industries as a raw
material, solvent, coolant and for making
electricity.
Coolant A liquid
that is used for
cooling a machine.
Solvent Any
substance that can
dissolve is called
solvent.

12. Sources of water
• Precipitation in the form of rain or snow
provides fresh water to our planet earth.
• Most of the fresh water returns to the
oceans through rivers flowing across the
globe.
• The various sources of water can be
divided into two main categories.
• Surface water
• Underground water or subsoil water

13. Surface water
• Water present on the surface of
the earth is called surface water.
• It can be classified into three,
• Rain water
• River and lake water
• Sea and ocean water

14. Rain water
• It is the purest form of water. why?
• Yes, because as the water from seas and rivers evaporate
to form of water vapour under the heat of the sun, it
leaves behind all the impurities. When precipitation
occurs, the first showers dissolve certain gases present
in air and also bring suspended impurities with it.

15. River and lake water
• The water in these water bodies comes
either from rainfall or melting of snow
(glaciers) on the mountains.
River

16. Sea and ocean water
• Oceans are a huge store of water.
• Millions of litres of water is present in
them. But the water is salty and is not fit
for any domestic or agricultural use.

17. Underground water or subsoil
water
• Ground water is the water under the
ground where the soil is completely
filled or saturated with water.
• Rainwater seeps through topsoil and layers
of rocks like limestone, sand and gravel
and gets collected on top of non-porous
layers.
• The top level of this underground water is
called water table. Underground water is
called and aquifer.

18. Under ground water or
aquifer

19. Dam

20. Scarcity of water
• Scarcity of water is defined as a
situation where there is insufficient
water to satisfy normal requirements.
• Though water is a renewable resource,
the factors of scarcity of water are,
• Increasing population.
• Increasing industries.
• Agricultural activities.
• Deforestation.
• Water scarcity will result in insufficient
plant growth, decreased food production
and famine.

21. Some causes of water
scarcity
• In India some causes of water scarcity are:
• Uncontrolled use of bore well
technology for extracting groundwater.
• Pollution of freshwater resources.
• No effective measures for water
conservation.

22. Effects of water scarcity on
plants
• You must have seen potted plants wilting
and ultimately drying up if they did not get
water even for a few days.
• Plants need water to get nutrients from
the soil to prepare their food.
• So just imagine the consequences if water
is not available to plants.
• The effects of water scarcity on plants are
stunted growth, decreased food production
and famine.

23. Conservation of water
• We can save water by,
• Avoid wastage
• Repair leaking tap
• Water the plants by drop and drop

24. Conservation of water
• Water saving practices are given below,
• Households can save water by promptly
fixing leaks.
• Recycling of water is very important.
• By improving the methods of irrigating
the fields.
• Rainwater harvesting.

25. Fill in the blanks
• Which is the continuous circulation of
water on earth (water table, water cycle)
• Snow and frost are which forms of water
(solid, liquid)
• Which water is the purest form of water
(lake, rain)
• Most of the water that exists on earth is
which and which (seas and oceans, ponds
and rivers)