Chalazion is a chronic inflammatory nodule of the meibomian gland in the eyelid. It is the most common benign eyelid lesion, occurring more often in adults. Chalazions start as small, tender swellings and are caused by obstruction and retention of secretions in the meibomian gland. On pathology, they show chronic inflammation with lipid-filled giant cells. Clinically, they appear as painless, hard swellings of the eyelid that can cause blurry vision. Treatment involves warm compresses, antibiotics, steroids, or incision and curettage for larger lesions. Complications include infection, cyst formation, or recurrence.

1. Chalazion
BY
Dr. Amr Mounir
Lecturer of Ophthalmology
Sohag University

2. Chalazion
Introduction:
It is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory granuloma of
meibomian gland (lipogranuloma).
The most common inflammatory lesions of eyelid
(approximately 13% of all benign eyelids lesions)
More common in adults than children

3. It is often starting out as a very small red, tender,
swollen area of the eyelid.
Meibomian glands are a sebaceous glands found in eyelids.They
secrete oily component of tears.

4. Etiology:
May be produced by:
Chronic irritation by a low virulent organism
Retention content of the gland following obstruction of
the gland by:
• Proliferation of epithelium ( vitamin A deficiency ).
• Dry secretions.
• Foreign body reaction ( granulomatous reaction ).

5. Pathology:
Chronic granulomatous reaction
with numerous lipid-filled giant
cells.Typically, the nuclei of these
cells are located around a central
foamy cytoplasmic area that
contains the ingested lipid material.

6. Clinical picture:
• SYMPTOMS
Painless Swelling lid.
Slowly progressive.
Heavy feeling.
Blurring of vision.
Pain occurs only if it becomes infected.

7. • SIGNS
Painless swelling 4-5 mm average from lid
margin.
Swelling is hard on conjunctival side. it
appears red or purple.
In long standing lesion it appears grey.
In old lesion granulation tissue turns into
jelly- like mass.

8. Fate of chalazion:
1) Spontaneous resolution.
2) Complications.

9. Complications:
1) Infection of Chalazion
2) Astigmatism.
3) Recurrence.
4) Loss of eyelash

10. 5) Protrusion on conjunctival side lead to
irritant granuloma.
6) Multiple chalazion in upper lid leading to
mechanical ptosis.
7) Cyst formation: tarsal or meibomian cyst.

11. Differential diagnosis:
Adenoma of meibomian gland
Sebaceous gland carcinoma
Stye from infected chalazion

13. TREATMENT:
Home treatment
Chalazion usually requires very little medical treatment
and tends to clear up on its own within a few weeks.
Warm compress
Applying a warm compress to affected eye
can help soften and hardened oil blocking
the gland ducts.

14. Surgical treatment
• Small chalazion: local antibiotic, vitaminA and
steroid.
• Marginal chalazion: scraping from lid margin.
• Moderate or large chalazion: Vertical incision
and curettage through conjunctival side.

15. • Intralesional or subcutaneous
injection of soluble steroids.
• Recurrent chalazion of the same
gland: excision biopsy to exclude
malignant tumor.

16. Thank you