This document provides an overview of cataract management, including causes, types, preoperative preparation, surgical techniques, and complications. A cataract is a cloudy area in the lens that decreases vision, with common symptoms including blurred or double vision. Causes include age, trauma, medications, and diseases. Preoperative preparation involves visual acuity testing, slit lamp examination, and imaging of the eye and lens. Surgical techniques include phacoemulsification, the most common, manual small incision surgery, extracapsular extraction, and intracapsular extraction. Potential complications are complications of anesthesia, posterior capsular tear, endophthalmitis, toxic anterior segment syndrome, and retinal detachment.

1. Management of Cataract…
Tips and Tricks
By
Dr. Amr Mounir
Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology
Sohag University

2. A cataract is a cloudy area
in the lens of the eye that
leads to a decrease in vision.
Symptoms may include
faded colors, blurry or
double vision, halos around
light,
trouble with bright lights, and
trouble seeing at night

3. Causes:
Age Trauma

4. Medications Systemic diseases

5. Complicated Cataract
Radiation Genetics
Inadequate vitamin C

6. Types: ( shape)
Nuclear sclerosis Cortical cataract

7. Posterior subcapsular cataract Anterior subcapsular cataract

8. Dense white mature Nuclear sclerosis and posterior
polar cataract

9. Preoperative preparation:
V/A:
Slit Lamp: Lid, anterior segment

10. Pupil:

11. B. Scan:

12. A.scan and biometry:

13. Systemic evaluation:
DN Blood pressure:

14. Tamsulosin (Flomax), a
common drug for
enlarged prostate
intraoperative floppy
iris syndrome

15. Types of surgery
Phacoemulsification
- The most common technique.
- It involves the use of a
machine with an ultrasonic
handpiece the lens material is
emulsified.

16. Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS)
This technique is an evolution of
ECCE (see below) where the
entire lens is expressed out of
the eye through a self-sealing
scleral tunnel wound without
lens emulsification.

17. Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE)
Extracapsular cataract extraction
involves the removal of almost the
entire natural lens through
capsulotomy openings while the
elastic lens capsule (posterior capsule)
is left intact to allow implantation of
an intraocular lens.

18. Intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE)
 Involves the removal of the lens and
the surrounding lens capsule in one
piece.
 The procedure has a relatively high rate
of complications due to the large
incision required and pressure placed
on the vitreous body.
 Indicated in extremely subluxated lens.

19. Complications of cataract surgery:
Complications of anesthesia
Retrobulbar hemorrhage
Perforation

20. Posterior capsular tear (Vitreous loss)

21. Endophthalmitis

22. Toxic anterior segment syndrome
(TASS)

23. Retinal detachment

24. Thank you