This document discusses subconjunctival haemorrhage and uveitis. A subconjunctival haemorrhage occurs when a blood vessel breaks underneath the conjunctiva and causes blood to collect. It can be caused by coughing, sneezing, lifting heavy objects, vomiting, or eye infections. Uveitis is inflammation of the middle layer of the eye that can be caused by autoimmune disorders, infections, injuries, or cancers. Symptoms include eye pain, sensitivity to light, tearing, and blurred vision. Treatment involves anti-inflammatory medications, antibiotics if caused by infection, and immunosuppressive drugs if the uveitis is severe.

1. Subconjuctival haemorrhage
uveitis

2. • A subconjunctival haemorrhage occurs
when a tiny blood vessel breaks just
underneath the clear surface of your eye
(conjunctiva).

3. CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS
CAUSES RISK FACTORS
Violent coughing
Powerful sneezing
Heavy lifting
Vomiting
Roughly rubbing your eye
Severe eye infection
Trauma
• Diabetes
• High blood pressure (hypertension)
• Certain blood-thinning medications,
such as warfarin and aspirin
• Blood-clotting disorders

4. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
SYMPTOMS
 Possible mild foreign body sensation Signs
SIGNS
 Blood-red, well-circumscribed area overlying sclera

6. TREATMENT
 Reassurance
 Cold compresses
 Artificial tears

7. UVEITIS
 Uveitis is inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer
of the eye. The uvea consists of the iris, choroid and
ciliary body.
 The most common type of uveitis is an inflammation
of the iris called iritis (anterior uveitis).

8. CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS
The specific cause of uveitis isn't clear. However, in some
people, uveitis is associated with:
 Autoimmune disorders, such as Behcet's disease,
sarcoidosis or ankylosing spondylitis
 Inflammatory disorders, such as Crohn's disease or
ulcerative colitis
 Infections such as cat-scratch disease, herpes, syphilis,
toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis or West Nile virus
 Eye injury
 Certain cancers, such as lymphoma, that can directly or
indirectly affect the eye

9. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
SIGNS SYMPTOMS
• Unilateral or
bilateral
• Pain
• Photophobia
• Tearing
• Normal to mildly
decreased vision
Signs
• Perilimbal flush
• Watery discharge
• Possible constricted
and sluggish pupil
• Variable intraocular
pressure
•

10. WORK UP
 Complete ocular history and exam
 Systemic history and exam for various associated
conditions
Slit lamp exam
Deposits on posterior surface of cornea (keratic
precipitates)
Inflammatory cells and protein (flare) in AC
Adhesions of iris to surface of lens (posterior
synechiae)

11. Hypopyon

12. TREATMENT
1. Anti-inflammatory medication. E.g corticosteroids
2. Antibiotic or antiviral medication. If uveitis is caused by an
infection
3. Immunosuppressive or cell-destroying (cytotoxic) medication.
Immunosuppressive or cytotoxic agents may be necessary if your
uveitis doesn't respond well to corticosteroids or becomes severe
enough to threaten your vision.
4. Surgery. Vitrectomy-may be necessary both for diagnosis and
management of your uveitis..