Here's important & condensed ppt slides about hemostasis and its orchestrated steps and cogulation cascade, roles of endothelium,platelets and Coagulation protiens....!
Here's important & condensed ppt slides about hemostasis and its orchestrated steps and cogulation cascade, roles of endothelium,platelets and Coagulation protiens....!
Hemostasis is the arrest of bleeding, whether it be by normal vasoconstriction (the vessel walls closing temporarily), by an abnormal obstruction (such as a plaque) or by coagulation or surgical means (such as ligation)
the objectives from this ppt :-
1.Define haemostasis.
2.Describe the main mechanisms that prevent blood loss after an injury.
3.Describe role of platelets in haemostasis.
4.Outline the mechanism of platelet plug formation.
5.Describe the mechanisms of blood coagulation.
Platelet and coagulation post graduate lecture Monkez M Yousif
This lecture is prepared for postgraduate students in Internal medicine. It presents a physiologic and basic background of the process of homeostasis followed by a practical approach to diagnosis and brief information of different causes of bleeding disorders
Hemostasis and coagulation of blood For M.Sc & Basic Medical Students by Pand...Pandian M
Blood coagulation
Mechanism of coagulation
STAGES OF HEMOSTASIS
Coagulation of blood
Factors involved in blood clotting
Enzyme cascade theory
Mechanisms for formation of prothrombin activator
Fibrinolysis
Anticlotting mechanism in the body
Applied physiology
Hemostasis is the arrest of bleeding, whether it be by normal vasoconstriction (the vessel walls closing temporarily), by an abnormal obstruction (such as a plaque) or by coagulation or surgical means (such as ligation)
the objectives from this ppt :-
1.Define haemostasis.
2.Describe the main mechanisms that prevent blood loss after an injury.
3.Describe role of platelets in haemostasis.
4.Outline the mechanism of platelet plug formation.
5.Describe the mechanisms of blood coagulation.
Platelet and coagulation post graduate lecture Monkez M Yousif
This lecture is prepared for postgraduate students in Internal medicine. It presents a physiologic and basic background of the process of homeostasis followed by a practical approach to diagnosis and brief information of different causes of bleeding disorders
Hemostasis and coagulation of blood For M.Sc & Basic Medical Students by Pand...Pandian M
Blood coagulation
Mechanism of coagulation
STAGES OF HEMOSTASIS
Coagulation of blood
Factors involved in blood clotting
Enzyme cascade theory
Mechanisms for formation of prothrombin activator
Fibrinolysis
Anticlotting mechanism in the body
Applied physiology
Coagulation cascade PowerPoint templates designed by skilled, experienced and professional graphic designers that are intended to solve the big issue of time consumption. These are fully editable slides and organized in a way to simplify the most complex topics and present it in an attractive manner. You can easily incorporate charts, diagrams and animations along with the content to these layouts in order to explore new technologies and trends of businesses in a unique way. All editable slides are digitally created to pinpoint and clarify the message, and summarize information regarding topic.
Hemostasis
Seminar Prepared by :-
Mohammed Saadi
Mohammed Musa
Hussein Jassam
Mahmoud Ahmed
Internal Medicine
College of Medicine - University of Kirkuk
Hemostasis, Coagulation, Intrinsic, Extrinsic & common Pathways of Clotting, Common bleeding disorders & their investigations, BT, CT, PT, APTT, TT, Blood & its products, Blood transfusion & its complication.
In this Slide we will talk about coagulation Disorders in periodontics in detail
Also discuss about anticoagulant,antiplatelet
And Thrombocytopenic purpura treatment and laboratory tests etc.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
37. Approach to the diagnosis of bleeding
disorder
Clinical Evaluation
History
Physical Examination
Family history
Laboratory Evaluation
Screening test
Specific test
38.
39. Clinical Features of Bleeding Disorders
Platelet disorders Coagulation
disorders
Site of bleeding Skin Deep in soft
tissues
(epistaxis, gum, Mucous
vaginal, GI tract) membranes,
joints, muscles)
Petechiae Yes No
Ecchymoses (“bruises”) Small, superficial Large, deep
Hemarthrosis / muscle bleeding Extremely rare Common
Bleeding after cuts & scratches Yes No
Bleeding after surgery or trauma Immediate, Delayed (1-2
days),
usually mild often severe
42. Tests for Primary Hemostasis
• Bleeding time platelet & vascular phases
• PFA – 100 system Platelet function
• Platelet count Quantification of platelets
• Blood smear Quantitative & morphological
abnormalities of platelets ,
Detection of underlying
haemotological disorder
43. Tests for Secondary hemostasis
• Clotting factor Crude test of coagulation phase
• Prothrombin factor Extrensic & common pathway
• Activated partial
thromboplastin time Intrensic & common pathway
49. INR
INR: International normalized ratio
-was established by the WHO and the International Committee on Thrombosis
and Hemostasis for reporting the results of prothrombin tests
-All PT results are standardized by this calculation:
INR= ( Patient PT / Control PT) ISI
ISI= International sensitivity index
- Given by the manufacturer for each particular thromboplastin reagent and
instrument combination
50.
51. ACTIVATED THROMBOPLASTIN
TIME
Measures Effectiveness of the Intrinsic
Pathway & common pathway
NORMAL VALUE
25-40 SECS
55. SPECIFIC TESTS
Tests for specific Platelet Functions
1. Platelet aggregration test
2. Flow cytometry
3. Test for platelet secretion
4. Clot retraction test
5. Platelet procoagulant activity
Test for Coagulation Phase
1. Quantitative estimation of Fibrinogen
2. Coagulation factor assays
3. F XIII Qualitative assay
Latex agglutination test for Fibrinolysis
57. HEMORRHAGIC DISORDERS
Hemorrhagic syndromes are characterized by a disorder
of one or more factors that participate in hemostasis.
The majority of hemorrhagic syndromes are blood vessel
disorders, platelet number and function disorders, or
coagulation factor disorders:
• vasculopathies
• thrombocytopenias
• thrombocytopathies
• coagulopathies.
58. Vasculopathies
• Vasculopathies may be inherited or acquired. Inherited
forms result from blood vessel structure disorders
(inherited telangiectasia,Rendu-Osler-Weber’s disease)
while acquired disorders can be a consequence of
inflammatory or immune processes that damage blood
vessel walls.
• In clinical practice, acquired disorders are found more
frequently (secondary purpuras, infections,
effects of some drugs, allergic purpura, effect of aspirin,
vitamin C deficiency, etc.).
59. Thrombocytopenias
• Thrombocytopenia, or reduced circulating platelet
count, can be inherited or acquired; the acquired form
being more frequent.
• Thrombocytopenia occurs as a result of:
– decreased platelet formation with normal platelet
survival time (effects of irradiation, drugs, malignant
tissue pressure on bone marrow, leukemias, aplastic
anemias) or
− increased platelet degradation or platelet deposit in
spleen with decreased platelet survival (DIC, effects
of drugs, bacterial or viral infections, inherited idiopathic
thrombocytopenic purpura, chronic leukemias, lupus
erythematosus,Hodgkin’s disease, massive transfusions
and liver cirrhosis).
60. Thrombocytopathies
• Inherited Qualitative Platelet Disorders may be due
to abnormalities of
1. platelet membrane glycoproteins,
- Glanzmann Thrombastenia, abnormal GPIIb/IIIa
– Bernard-Soulier Syndrome, abnormal GPIb, GPIX and
GPV
– platelet-type of vWD, abnormal GPIb
2. platelet granules,
• These may occur due to absence of granules in
platelets, storage pool disorder (characterized by
disturbed platelet aggregation to collagen, adrenaline
and thrombin), or disturbed release (absence of T A2).
61. 3. platelet coagulant activity, or
4. signal transduction and secretion.
• defects in arachidonic acid metabolism,
• cyclooxigenase deficiency, platelets unable to produce
thromboxane; endothelium may not produce
prostacyclin,
• thromboxane synthesis deficiency, and
• defects in platelet secretion and the second wave of
platelet aggregation, found in response to epinephrine or
ATP.
63. ACQUIRED BLOOD CLOTTING
DISORDERS
They occur in:
– vitamin K deficiency,
– liver diseases,
– liver transplantation,
– disseminated intravascular coagulation,
– renal diseases,
– primary pathological fibrinolysis
– during the course of anticoagulant therapy.
64. • The extent and severity of periodontal disease
determines the necessity for a surgical or nonsurgical
treatment approach in its management.
• The nature and severity of an acquired bleeding
disorder, and the degree of invasive dental
procedures, determines the need to modify the treatment
to be provided.
• Various Illnesses, along with pharmacotherapy,may
contribute to the tendency for excessive bleeding.
65. Pre-operative management of patients starts with a medical
history focusing on the previous bleeding history of the
patient and medical conditions associated with bleeding.
Presence of following illness may need a modification in
treatment protocol to minimize the risk of intra-operative
and postoperative bleeding.
• Chronic renal failure
• Lack of vitamin K
• Liver failure
• Aspirin
• Antiplatelet medication
• Anticoagulant therpay
66. Intra-operative measures include a number of systemic and local
measures administered prior to, or during, the procedure to prevent
unlikely bleeding diathesis.
Surgeries • Platelet count should be assessed
• Iv infusion 1 hr before
• Level should be 50% higher in plasma for
Missing factors Regional anesthesia
Scaling and root
planing • Antifibrinolytic mouthwash (Lee , Boyle)
LA • regional anesthesia should be avoided
• Conservative design
Flap • Mandibular molar
Prevention of • Curettage of extraction socket
infection • Granulation tissue
67. Hemostatic agent Other means Hard tissue
• Absorbable • Sponge • Bone burnishing
gelatin • Surgical splint • Bone wax
• Absorbable • Electrocautery
collagen • Laser
• Microfibrillar • Moistened or
collagen hemostatic
• Oxidised soaked gauze
cellulose
• Thrombin
• Tranexamic acid
• Fibrin glue
• PRP
68. General recommendations is crucial for preventing
bleeding, postoperatively.
Prohibition of Liquid , high Antifibrinolytic
Rinsing protein diet mouthwash
Pain
Antibiotics
medication
69. References :-
• Textbook of Medical Physiology ,10th edition,Hall &
Guyton
• Essentials of hematology , Shirish M Kawthalkar
• Periodontal Medicine, Rose
• Bleeding disorders and periodontology, Philip
Vassilopoulos & Kent Palcanis , Periodontology
2000, Vol. 44, 2007, 211–223.
• Coagulation Pathway and Physiology, Jerry B. Lefkowitz
• Hemostasis And Hemorrhagic Disorders, R. Baklaja, M.
C. Pešic´, J. Czarnecki
• Platelet function analysis,Paul Harisson, Blood Reviews
(2005) 19, 111–123