Biochip is a microprocessor chip that combines biology, electronics, and computer science. It allows many tests to be done by arranging microarrays on a solid substrate. Biochips were first developed in 1983 for monitoring fisheries and major development began in 1990. The biochip system uses radio frequency identification to communicate between an implanted transponder and external reader. Biochips can be used for identification purposes, medical monitoring of conditions like cancer and glucose levels, and restoring functions like sight and hearing.

2. BIOCHIP
UNI OF WAH
Presented By:
WAJEEHA MUSHTAQ
ROLL NO: 012

3. CONTENTS
• What is biochip?
• Biochip history.
• Biochip Technology.
• Implant System Of Biochip
• Size
• Insertion Of Biochip
• Application Of Biochip
• Medical Implementation Of Biochip

4. What is bio-
chip??
• Bio-chip is a microprocessor
chip ,an outcome of the field
of computer sciences,
electronics and biology.
• It is collection of microarrays
arrange on a solid substrate
and permit many test.

5. BIOCHIP
HISTORY
• Developed in 1983 for
monitoring fisheries.
• A large scale biochips start
developing in 1990.
• The major biochip
companies are A.V.I.D and

6. BIOCHIP
Technology• It is a micro computer chip
,inserted under skin (dermis) for
identification purposes.
• The biochip system is a radio
frequency identification (RFID)
system, using low-frequency
radio signals to communicate

7. IMPLANT SYSTEM
OF BIOCHIP
Implant system of biochip is
consist of two component:
• The transponder
• The reader

8. Transponder

9. READER

10. THE
TRANSPONDER• The transponder is the actual biochip
implant also known as passive
transponder and active transponder.
• It is inactive until the reader
activate it by sending a low
power electrical charge.
• The communication between
the biochip and reader is

11. The Transponder
The transponder consist of 4
parts
• Computer Microchip
• Antenna Coil
• Tuning Capacitor
• Glass Capsule

13. Computer
Microchip
• Computer microchip stores a
unique identification number
from 10 to 15 digits long.
• The storage capacity of
computer microchip is
limited, capable of storing
only a single ID number.

14. COMPUTER
MICROCHIP

15. Antenna Coil
• This is normally a simple
copper coil around a iron
core. This is tiny primitive
radio antenna “receives and
sends” signals from reader
or scanner.

16. ANTENNA COIL

17. Tuning Capacitor
• The capacitor store the small
electrical charge send by the
reader which activates the
transponder. This activation
allows the transponder to
send back the ID number
encoded by the computer

18. • Because radio waves are
utilize to communicate
between the transponder
and reader, the capacitor is
tuned at the same frequency
as the reader.

19. Glass Capsule
• It houses the computer chip
,antenna coil and capacitor.
• Capsule is made up of
biocompatible material i-e
soda lime glass.

21. READER
• Reader consist of an “exciter
coil ,which reads an
electromagnetic field
that,throuth radio signals
provide a necessary energy
,to excite or “activate” the
implanted biochip.

22. • The reader also carry the
receiving coil that receive the
ID number that is sent back
from the activated
“implanted” biochip.
• Also carry the software that
decode the received code
and display the result in an

23. Size Of
Biochip
Its size ranges from
2 to 12 inches like

25. Insertion Of Biochip

27. Applications Of
The Biochip
–Biochip help in the tracing
of person/animal any
where in the world.
–Also potent in replacing
passports ,cash and
medical records.

28. Medical
Implementation Of
Biochip
• Biochip can detect cancer
before symptoms develops

29. Biochip As Glucose
Detector
• The chip can
be integrated
with a
glucose
detector. The
chip allow the
diabetics to

30. How The Glucose
Is Detected

31. Biochip As
Oxygen sensor
• The biochip can also be
integrated with an oxygen
sensor .The oxygen sensor
will be useful to monitor
breathing rate.

32. Principal Of Oxygen
Sensor In Biochip
• The oxygen sensor chip
sends light pulses out in to
the body. The light absorbed
to varying extent, depending
on how much oxygen is
being carried in the blood,
and the chip detect the light

33. Biochip as an Blood
Pressure sensor:
• A sensors is available to detect the
flow of fluid. It’s always possible to
embed this type of sensors into a
biochip. Blood Flow detecting
circuits with the Biochip can make
the chip to continuously monitor the
blood flow rate & when the
pressure is in its low or high

34. Adding sound to
life:• The cochlear implant delivers
electrical pulses directly to the
nerve cells in the cochlea, the
spiral-shaped structure that
translates sound in to nerve pulses.
• In normal hearing individuals,
sound waves set up vibrations in
the walls of the cochlea, and hair

36. Biochip Restore
Sight

38. Advantages of
biochip

39. • To rescue the sick
• To find lost people.
• To identify person uniquely.
• They can perform thousands of
biological reactions operations
in few seconds.
• In monitoring health condition of
individuals in which they are
specifically employed.

40. Disadvantages Of
Biochip• They raise critical issues of
personal privacy.
• They mark the end of human
freedom and dignity.
• They may not be supported by
large % of people.
• There is a danger of turning
every man ,women, and