This document discusses nanobiosensors, including their classification, working principles, history, and applications. Nanobiosensors combine biological components with nano-scale physicochemical detectors. They are classified based on the type of nanomaterial used, such as nanoparticles, nanotubes, or nanowires. Carbon nanotube-based biosensors that function as field-effect transistors are described. The document also reviews recent developments in electrochemical, fiber-optic, and carbon nanotube biosensors, as well as potential applications in biological and environmental detection.

1. Graduate Student: Tran Tan Tien
Supervisor: Dr. Tran Thi Ngoc Dung

3. Nano Scale

5. Abstract
 Introduction
 Types of Nanobiosensors
 Working principle of Nanotube Based Biosensors
 Current Research and Applications of
Nanobiosensors

6. What is a Nanobiosensor?

7. Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology
Nanoscale
Biostructure
Smart Materials
Optics
Fabrication
Sensors
Energy Capture,
Transformation,
and Storage
Basic concept - 8 major devolpment areas
Magnets
Electronics
Introduction
Ratner, Mark A., and Daniel Ratner. Nanotechnology: A gentle introduction to
the next big idea. Prentice Hall Professional, 2003.

8. I.) Introduction
Nano-
sensors Deployable
nanosensor
Biosensors
Chemical
nanosensors
Electrometers
Classification based on Applications
Agrawal, S., and R. Prajapati. "Nanosensors and their Pharmaceutical Applications: A Review."
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology 4 (2012): 1528-1535

9. What is a Nanobiosensor?
 A biosensor is a measurement system for the detection of an analyte that
combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector, and a
nanobiosensor is a biosensor that on the nano-scale size
Nanobiosensor
Transducer Detector Biological Recognition Element
(Bioreceptor)
Living biological system
(cell, tissue or whole organism)
Biological molecular species
(antibody, enzyme, protein…)

10. Building blocks of life

11. WORKING PRINCIPLE OF A
BIOSENSOR
The interaction of the analyte with the bioreceptor is designed to
produce an effect measured by the transducer, which converts the
information into a measurable effect, such as an electrical /
electronic signal.

12. The interaction of the analyte (a) with the bioreceptor, which identifies
the stimulus (b) is designed to produce an effect measured by the
transducer (c), which converts it to an electrical signal. The output from
the transducer is amplified (d), processed (e) and displayed (f).
(a)
(b
)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f
)

13. Enzymatic Biosensors - Principles and Applications. D. Grieshaber, R. MacKenzie, J. Vörös, and E. Reimhult,
Sensors, 8(3); 1400-1458, 2008.

14. HISTORY- Biosensor
1962- first description of a biosensor of : an amperometric enzyme electrode (Glucose
sensor) by Clark.
1969- first potentiometric biosensor : urease immobilized on an ammonia electrode to
detect urea by Guilbault & Montalva.
1970- ion-selective Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) by Bergveld.
1975- fibre-optic sensor with immobilized indicator to measure carbon-di-oxide or
oxygen by Lubbers & Optiz.
1975- first commercial biosensor (Yellow Spring Instrumental Biosensor) .
1975- first microbe based biosensor (first Immunosensor)..
1976- first bedside artificial pancrease.
1980- first fibre-optic pH sensor for in-vivo blood gases by Peterson.
1982- first fibre-optic based biosensor for glucose.
1983- first surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunosensor.
1984- first mediated Amperometric biosensor.
1987- Blood Glucose biosensor launched by Medi-sense Exac Tech.
1990- SPR based biosensor by Pharmacia BIA Core.
1992- hand-held blood biosensor by i-STAT..
1996- launching of Gluco-card.
1998- blood glucose biosensor launched by Life-scan Fast Take.
2000- nanotechnology biosensor, chip,quantum dots etc..

15.  1962 First description of a biosensor: an amperometric
enzyme electrode for glucose. [Leland Clark, New York
Academy of Sciences Symposium]
 1980- first fibre-optic pH sensor for in-vivo blood
gases by Peterson.
 1987- Blood Glucose biosensor launched by Medi-
sense Exac Tech.

16.  2000-nanotechnology biosensor, chip,quantum dots
etc..

17. Classification

18. Nanobiosensors: The Merging of Nanotechnology with
Biosensors

19. Classification of nanobiosensors
Nanobiosensors
Nanoparticle
based sensors
Nanotube
based sensors
Nanowire
Based Sensors
Acoustic
Wave
Biosensors
Magnetic
Biosensors.
Electrochemical
Biosensors
Malik, P., Katyal, V., Malik, V., Asatkar, A., Inwati, G., & Mukherjee, T. K.. Nanobiosensors: Concepts
and Variations. (2013) ISRN Nanomaterials, 2013.

20. (SWCNT)-based field-effect transistors
(FETs)

21. Balasubramanian, Kannan, and Marko Burghard. "Biosensors based on carbon nanotubes." Analytical and
bioanalytical chemistry 385.3 (2006): 452-468.
Single-wall carbon nanotubebased field-effect
transistors(FETs)

22. Cabon nanotube interaction

23. Interaction DNA

24. Balasubramanian, Kannan, and Marko Burghard. "Biosensors based on carbon nanotubes." Analytical and
bioanalytical chemistry 385.3 (2006): 452-468.

26. Experiment method
 Nanomaterials and nanofabrication technologies
are increasingly being used to design novel biosensors.
 Investigate important fundamental to develop
nanobiosensors.

27. Computer modeling of nanoscale
and biophysical systems
Structure of DNA-Carbon Nanotube
Hybrids
http://www.physics.upenn.edu/~robertjo/research/

29. Computer modeling of nanoscale
and biophysical systems
Free Energy Landscape of a DNA-Carbon Nanotube Hybrid

30. Recent development topics on
biosensors
 Electrochemical biosensor
 Fiber-optic biosensor
 Carbon Nanotube biosensor
 Protein Engineering for biosensors
 Wireless Biosensors Networks

31. Applications of Nanobiosensors
Biological Applications
 DNA Sensors; Genetic monitoring, disease
 Immunosensors; HIV, Hepatitis,other viral diseas, drug testing,
environmental monitoring…
 Cell-based Sensors; functional sensors, drug testing…
 Point-of-care sensors; blood, urine, electrolytes, gases, steroids,
drugs, hormones, proteins, other…
 Bacteria Sensors; (E-coli, streptococcus, other): food industry,
medicine, environmental, other.
 Enzyme sensors; diabetics, drug testing, other.
Environmental Applications
 Detection of environmental pollution and toxicity
 Agricultural monitoring
 Ground water screening
 Ocean monitoring

34. Reference
 Ratner, Mark A., and Daniel Ratner. Nanotechnology: A gentle
introduction to the next big idea. Prentice Hall Professional, 2003.
 Agrawal, S., and R. Prajapati. Nanosensors and their Pharmaceutical
Applications: A Review." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science
and Technology” 4 (2012): 1528-1535
 Zhang, X.; Guo, Q.; Cui, D. Recent Advances in Nanotechnology
Applied to Biosensors. Sensors 2009, 9, 1033-1053.
 Jianrong C, Yuqing M, Nongyue H, Xiaohua W, Sijiao L. Nanotechnology
and biosensors. Biotechnol Adv. 2004 Sep;22(7):505-18.
 Malik, P., Katyal, V., Malik, V., Asatkar, A., Inwati, G., & Mukherjee, T. K..
Nanobiosensors: Concepts and Variations. (2013) ISRN Nanomaterials,
2013.
 Balasubramanian, Kannan, and Marko Burghard. "Biosensors
based on carbon nanotubes." Analytical and bioanalytical
chemistry 385.3 (2006): 452-468.