the presentation is related to the very basic networking topologies and is mainly meant for students of grade 8 or 9.

1. I.T. PRESENTATION ON NETWORKING
TOPOLOGIES

2. NETWORKING TOPOLOGIES
Network topology is the
arrangement of the various
elements (links, nodes, etc.) of
a computer network. Essentially, it
is the topological structure of a
network and may be depicted
physically or logically Physical
topology is the placement of the
various components of a network,
including device location and cable
installation, while Logical
topology illustrates how data flows
within a network, regardless of its
physical design. basic types of
topologies are discussed further

3. STAR TOPOLOGYIn Star topology every node (computer
workstation or any other peripheral) is
connected to central node called hub or
switch. The switch is the server and the
peripherals are the clients.
Advantages of star topology
• Easy to install and wire.
• Easy to detect faults and to remove
parts.
Disadvantages of a Star Topology
• Requires more cable length than a linear
topology.
• If the hub or concentrator fails, nodes
attached are disabled.

4. Advantages:
The fair sharing of the network
allows the net to degrade
gracefully as more user are
added.
Disadvantages:
Failure of one compute can
affect the total network
Difficult to troubleshoot
Adding or removing
Computers disrupts the network
In a ring
network, every
device has
exactly two
neighbors for
communication
purposes. All
messages travel
through a ring
in the same
direction (either
clockwise or
counterclockwis
e). A failure in
any device
breaks the
loop.

5. BUS TOPOLOGY
All the devices on a bus
topology are connected
by one single cable. When
one computer sends a
signal up the wire, all the
computers on the network
receive the information,
but only one accepts the
information.
Advantages
Requires less cable length
than a star topology
Disadvantages
Entire network shuts
down if there is a break in
the main cable. Difficult to
identify the problem if the
entire network shuts down.

6. Mesh topologies involve the
concept of routes. Unlike each
of the previous topologies,
messages sent on a mesh
network can take any of several
possible paths from source to
destination. Some WANs,
most notably the Internet,
employ mesh routing.
The type of network topology
in which some of the nodes of
the network are connected to
more than one other node with a
point-to-point link – this makes
it possible to take advantage of
some of the redundancy that is
provided by a fully mesh
topology without the expense
and complexity.

7. Advantages:
1.Fault tolerance.
2.Guaranteed communication channel
capacity.
3.Easy to troubleshoot.
Disadvantages:
1.Difficulty of installation and
reconfiguration.
2.Cost of maintaining
redundant link.
The topology connects all devices (nodes) to each
other for redundancy and fault tolerance. It is used
in WANs to interconnect LANs and for mission
critical networks like those used by banks and
financial institutions. Implementing the mesh
topology is expensive and difficult.

8. TREE TOPOLOGY
Tree topologies integrate multiple star
topologies together onto a bus. In its
simplest form, only hub devices connect
directly to the tree bus, and each hub
functions as the "root" of a tree of
devices. In this nodes are connected in a
hierarchal manner.
Advantages
Point-to-point wiring
for individual
segments.
Supported by
several hardware and
software venders.
Disadvantages
If the backbone line
breaks, the entire
segment goes down.
More difficult to
configure and wire
than other
topologies.

9. HYBRID
TOPOLOGY
A combination of any two or
more network topologies.
Instances can occur where
two basic network
topologies, when connected
together, can still retain the
basic network character, and
therefore not be a hybrid
network. For example, a tree
network connected to a tree
network is still a tree network.
Therefore, a hybrid network
accrues only when two basic
networks are connected