BASIC MAINTENANCE OF COMPUTER

Basic Computer
Maintenance
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Basic Computer Maintenance
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• Clean and Cool
• Deleting Temporary Files
• Scandisk
• Backup Your Data
How to run scandisk?
 Click on Start-Programs-Accessories-
System Tools-Scandisk.
 Click on Start-Run. In the Run field type scandisk,
press OK or press the Enter key.
There are two ways:

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Defragment your Hard Drive
What is Defragmentation?
• When you create and delete files and
applications on your computer the hard drive will
become fragmented.
• Data is split into chunks and stored in different
areas of the hard disk.
• frees up disk space and speeds up your computer.

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How To Defrag Your
Harddrive?

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How to Defrag Your Harddrive
•Stop using your computer while you are
defragmenting the drive.
•Stop all programs running including
your screen saver.
•Run this program overnight
NOTE:

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Windows 95/98/98SE/Millennium
• Click on the Start button, then move to the
Programs, select Accessories, then System Tools,
and then click on the Disk Defragmenter
• Select the drive you wish to defragment
(usually Drive c), click OK, and then click Yes.
Wait for the defragmentation tool to finish (this
may take a long time).

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Windows 2000/XP
• Click Start, point to All Programs,
point to Accessories then System Tools,
and click Disk Defragmenter.
• Click the drive you want to defragment,
click the Defragment button and then wait for
the defragmentation tool to finish
(this may take a long time).

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Hard Disk Error Checking
Virus Checker
Uninstall Software
Clean Out Your Recycle Bin
Emptying the Recycle Bin
Emptying Your Deleted Email
Operating System Reinstall

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General Computer Tips
The Golden Rule: When all else fails, REBOOT.
• Ctrl+Alt+Del (all at the same time).
A Close Program or Task Manager dialog box
will appear.
• Select the task you want to end (or the ones
that say they are "not responding") and select
End Task.
• If this doesn’t work you can reboot the
machine, pressing Ctrl+Alt+Del twice in
succession.

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Unknown Emails
Unknown File Downloads
Incompatible Hardware and Software
Random Deletion of Files
General Computer Tips
1
2
3
4

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Windows Update
Starting Windows Update
MS Windows XP / 2000
•http://windowsupdate.microsoft.com/

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Computer Viruses
What is a virus?
• a computer program designed to replicate and
spread on its own, preferably without a user’s
knowledge
How do viruses spread?
• Computer viruses spread whenever
infected diskettes or files are exchanged.
• Exchanging computer disks or viewing
email attachments.

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How can you protect yourself from viruses?
Computer Viruses
• Have an Antivirus program installed on your
computer
•Regularly scan the computer for viruses (at least
once a week).
•Keep your virus definition files ,up to date (at least
once a month, more times if possible).

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Computer Viruses
•Keep updated in regards to the latest security
patches for your operating systems and
applications
•Do not open email attachments that are from
people you don’t know

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FDISK
How do I utilize FDISK?
The program that DOS supplies for setting up
hard disk partitions is called FDISK, which is
believed to? stand for "fixed disk", an older term for
hard disk. FDISK is used only for DOS (FAT)
partitioning, and allows the user to perform the
following functions:
Create Partitions
Set Active Partition
Delete Partitions
Display Partition Information

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FDISK
• With just a few keystrokes,
FDISK can wipe out part or all of
your hard disk
• don't use FDISK unless you need it

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Steps for partitioning a hard drive using FDISK
1. If you're in Windows, open a DOS window.
2. From the C: prompt, type "FDISK" and press
ENTER.
3. If you're changing the partitions on an
existing disk, choose option 4 from the
FDISK menu to display existing partition
information.

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4. If all of the space on the drive is already
partitioned, you will need to use FDISK menu
option ( 3 ) to remove existing partitions
before creating new ones.
5. For a new drive from which you will boot your
PC, you must first create a Primary DOS
Partition.

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6. If you only want to have one partition on the
drive, type Y when prompted to make one
large partition. If making multiple partitions,
type N.
7. Enter the size for the partition if you selected
N in step 6.
8. To create an extended (non-bootable) DOS
partition, choose option 1 from the main
FDISK menu, then option 2 from the Create
menu.

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9. Press enter to use all remaining available
space for the partition.
10. Create logical drives on the extended
partition by entering the desired size(s) in MB
or percent of disk space.
11. Continue until all available space is assigned
to logical drives.

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12. If you will be booting from this disk, choose
option 2 from the FDISK Menu and enter 1 to
make the primary DOS partition ACTIVE.
13. Press the ESC key to exit FDISK. If running from
Windows 9x, you must manually reboot your
PC at this point. You must format all partitions
before they can be used.

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Partition Tips
1. If you are using a 16 bit OS (Windows 3.x or
DOS), do not use the maximum available size
for your Primary DOS Partition on a drive larger
than 2GB
2. Make a good backup of all of the data on
the drive. FDISK will destroy all existing data on
the drive.
3. There are utilities (e.g., Partition Magic) that
can re-partition existing drives without
destroying data or minimizing data loss.

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Format
NOTE:
In some earlier versions of DOS, the drive
designation letter was optional. If you are
using one of these versions, you can format
a diskette or a FIXED DISK if you enter
FORMAT while working in that drive.

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Format Commands
/? Shows all format command
Example :
A:>format /?

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Basic Computer
Maintenance

BASIC MAINTENANCE OF COMPUTER

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