The document discusses various atmospheric phenomena including: 1) Jet streams, which are fast winds in the upper atmosphere between air masses of different temperatures. 2) El Niño, which causes unusual weather patterns globally due to higher ocean temperatures off South America. 3) Ocean currents like the Gulf Stream that influence climate by transporting heat across oceans.

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5. More
Direct
Sun
Hot
90 o N 60 o N 30 o N 0 o Equator 30 o S 60 o S 90 o S

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11. *Forms high in the upper Troposphere between
two air masses of different temperatures
*Higher temperature difference = faster speed
*Due to the Coriolis Effect, it flows around air
masses.
*Polar Jet:
*It dips southward when frigid polar air masses
move south.
*It tends to stay north in the summer months
*

12. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/vanished/jetstr_five.html
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13. Abnormally high surface ocean
temperatures off the coast of South
America
Causes unusual weather patterns
across the globe
*

14. *A strong surface current
*Begins at the tip of Florida
*Flows up the eastern coastline of the
U.S.
*Crosses the Atlantic Ocean
*Causes warmer climate in NW Europe
*

15. *Why does the Earth have wind
and ocean currents?
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17. *When convection and winds cause air
masses to move, they bump into one
another.
*The area where two air masses meet is
called a front.
*Most severe weather occurs near frontal
boundaries.
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22. *Warm and cool air masses that are
not strong enough to move one
another
*Sits still for a long period of time
*

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25. http://www.stevemcentee.com/animation3.html
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27. *Air pressure is measured with a barometer in
millibars.
*Millibars are represented by connected lines of equal
pressure. This is a lot like the topographic map lines.
*The closer together the lines are, the faster the wind
speed.
*The farther apart the lines are, the slower the wind
speed.
*

28. *The Sun heats the water and land every day.
*Land heats up rapidly, but cools off rapidly.
*Desert
*Water heats up slowly, but cools off slowly.
*Swimming at night
*The heat retained by the oceans is what keeps our
planet insulated.
*

29. *The heating and cooling of water and land
produces land breezes and sea breezes.
*High pressure moves toward low pressure,
pushing the warm air upward.
*As warm air rises, cooler air moves in and
replaces it.
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32. http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science
/terc/content/visualizations/es1903/es1903pag
e01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
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33. *How do global patterns of
atmospheric movement affect
local weather?
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