The document discusses architectural design, covering key concepts such as house plans, site plans, floor plans, elevations, and sections. It explains the importance of building orientation, design elements, and basic considerations for house design, including door placement and light access. Additionally, it highlights specific aspects like laundry areas, types of house patterns, circulation, and furniture, while also introducing the bubble diagram as a visual representation tool in design.

1. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN FOR PLANNERS
Q-1: What is Architecture design? How would you plan
the building aesthetically by using different methods of
design?
Answer: Architecture is a general term to describe buildings and other
physical structures. It is the art and science of designing and erecting
buildings and other physical structures.
ARCHITECTURALDESIGN: A house plan is a set of construction or
working drawings the define all the construction specifications of a
residential house such as dimensions, materials, layouts, installation
methods and techniques.
SITE PLAN: The plan of plot showing the dimensions and shape of
boundary. It is an important document at the time of submission of
plan for approval. It shows proposed building, water supply and
drainage connection. Site plans are drawn to show the location of a
home. It is an overhead view of the construction site.
FLOORPLAN: It is an overhead view of the complete house.
Dimensions are usually drawn between the walls to specify room sizes
and wall lengths. Floor plans also indicate rooms, all the doors and
windows and any built-in elements.
ELEVATION:Elevation is a perspective view of a building or home. It is
a drawing showing front or side view of a building, either exterior or
interior, as a direct projection to a vertical plane. Plans include front,
rear and both side elevations.

2. SECTION: A section cuts through the dwelling and the location of this
cut-through is noted on the floor plan. It is a representation of an
object or a building as it would appear if cut vertically by an imaginary
line showing the internal structure.
Q-2: Explain the term orientation. Elaborate the various
aspects while deciding the orientation of various spaces
of your design project.
Answer:
ORIENTATION OF BUILDING:The art of placing a building in such a
position that it faces a particular direction is called orientation of
building.
OBJECTS OF ORIENTATION OF A BUILDING:
- To place the building so as it suits its surroundings.
- To provide natural comforts to the inmates.
- To provide privacy to the inmates.
- To protect the residents from the dust nuisance.
- To place the building so that its minimum portion comes in
contact of with the direct showers of rain so as to prevent
dampness in the building.
- To have a good planning and design of the building.
FACTORS AFFECTING ORIENTATION OF BUILDING:
i) Surroundings of the site: The building should be so oriented
that it suits surroundings of the site.

3. ii) Approach to the road or street: The building should be so
oriented as to provide easy approach to the nearby road or
street.
iii) The sun’s path and its relative position with respect to locality:
Sun is a source of natural light and temperature. Sun light is
powerful agent for killing the germs of harmful diseases like
typhoid, cholera etc.
iv) The wind direction: The building should be so oriented that
cool breeze enters the bed rooms during night in summer but
not in winter.
Q-3: What are the elements of design? What elements
you have applied in the development of your design
project?
Answer: The elements of design are the basic components used as
part of any composition. They are given below:
1) POINT: Point is the most basic element of design. It is an element
that has position but no extension. It is a single mark in space with
a precise but limited location.
2) LINE: The line is a natural extension of the point. It is an element
characterized by length and direction. Vertical line creates
feelings of aspiration. Horizontal line shows rest and relaxation.
Diagonal line shows activity and movement.
3) SHAPE: It is two dimensional and made by connecting lines. It is a
closed figure. Basic shapes are triangle, circle and square.

4. 4) FORM:Form is three dimensional. It encloses space. It can be
realistic, abstract or somewhere in between. Examples are
spheres, cylinders, cones, cubes, pyramids etc.
5) SPACE: Space is a continuous area or expanse which is free,
available, or unoccupied. Space, in two-dimensional design, is
essentially flat; it has height and width, but no depth.
6) COLOR:Color is a property of light. It is visible when light is
emitted or reflected. It is determined by the wavelength of light.
The three properties of color are hue, value and saturation.
7) TEXTURE: It is the surface quality of an object or item. It is feeling
of an object eg; rough, smooth or soft. It is both visual and
tractile.
8) PATTERN: Pattern is the repetition of line, shape, form, texture
and/or color. It reflects the mood of the elements used. It can be
formal, informal, calm or playful.
9) MOVEMENT: Movement can be defined as motion of objects in
space over time. It is often described in one of the two ways;
literal, which is physical movement eg; movement of automobile,
motion pictures and dance etc and compositional, which is
movement of the viewer’s eye through a given composition.
Q-4: What is design? Describe in detail the basic
considerations, which are used in the design of a house.
Answer: Design is developing a plan and creating an arrangement of
ideas. It could be a building machine. It is usually considered in context
of the applied arts, engineering and architecture and other such
creative materials etc. The basic considerations that are used in the
design of house are given below:

5. i) Door placement: Generally doors are best placed in corners.
One exception to the rule is in larger rooms where door may be
centered on a log wall.
ii) Light on two sides: If possible to incorporate light on two sides
of a room, do so unless you feel privacy may be a serious issue.
Natural light is not only attractive but may save lighting bills.
iii) Entrance: Consider the placement of the main entrance,
whether offsets is centered with the porch or not.
iv) Size of house: The size of your house will be dictated by budget
and needs. The size of your family present or future as well and
the facilities you require will all need consideration.
v) Dimensions of the plot: While acreage may tally up; you may
be making trouble for yourself, if the plot is too narrow or is in
awkward shape.
vi) Services: Consider the nearest sewer for side drainage and
sources of electricity and water. The position and depth should
be examined as this will affect the position of your house.
vii) Sun orientation: South facing gardens are a big plus point for
the afternoon sunshine with regard to room layout; living room
can benefit from facing south or west and bedrooms to the
east.
Q-5: Write short note on:
1) Laundry areas
2) Types of house pattern
3) Circulation
4) Furniture
5) Site plan

6. 6) Bubble diagram
Answer:
1) Laundry areas: Laundry is the washing of clothing and linens.
Laundry processes are often done in a room reserved for that
purpose; in an individual home this is referred to as a laundry
room or utility room. Laundry processes include washing (usually
with water containing detergents or other chemicals), agitation,
rinsing, drying and pressing(ironing).
2) Types of house pattern: Houses can be built in large variety of
configurations. A basic division is between free-standing houses
and various types of attached or multi-use dwellings. Some of the
types of house pattern are given below:
Barndominium, Bay-and-gable, Bungalow, Cape-cod, Castle,
Chattel house, Conch house, Cottage, Deck house, Dog-trot
house, Earth-sheltered, Mudhif, Pole house and Ranch etc.
Bungalow is simple single-storied house without any basement.
Castle is a defensive structure/dwelling, built during dark ages and
middle age in 18th
or 19th
centuries. In Dog-trot house, two houses
are connected by open breezeway. In pole houses, vertical poles
carry load of suspended floors.
3) Circulation: Circulation refers to the way people move through
and interact with a building. Structures such as elevators,
escalators and staircases are often referred to as circulation
elements, as they are positioned and designed to optimize the
flow of people through a building.
4) Furniture: Furniture is the mass noun for the movable objects
intended to support various human activities such as seating (e.g.,

7. chairs, stools and sofas) and sleeping (e.g., beds). Furniture is also
used to hold objects at a convenient height for work (as horizontal
surfaces above the ground, such as tables and desks), or to store
things (e.g., cupboards and shelves). Furniture can be a product of
design and is considered a form of decorative art.
5) Site plan: The plan of plot showing the dimensions and shape of
boundary. It is an important document at the time of submission
of plan for approval. It shows proposed building, water supply and
drainage connection. Site plans are drawn to show the location of
a home. It is an overhead view of the construction site.
6) Bubble diagram: A bubble diagram is a diagram which
represents information visually in the form of a series of bubbles.
This type of diagram can be used to present a wide variety of
information for the purpose of activities like presentations,
planning out designs, and developing strategy. The "Relationship
Diagram" or "Bubble Diagram" is a very simple drawing that
consists of roughly drawn bubbles (representing spaces)
connected by solid lines, broken lines or wavy lines etc to specify
the type of relationship between the spaces.
Composed by: NOSHAD AHMED (15CRP46)