This document discusses blending non-woody biomass and coal for use in power generation. It analyzes the proximate analysis and energy values of different biomass components like wood, leaves, and branches mixed with coal in various ratios. The objectives are to determine the optimal ratio for maximum power generation potential and minimum land requirement. The experiment analyzes the results and discusses blending biomass and coal as an alternative fuel for power plants. This could help address issues of energy crisis, waste management, and pollution while providing rural employment and distributed power sources.
IRJET- Green Energy Recovery for Sustainable DevelopmentIRJET Journal
This document discusses green energy recovery from waste for sustainable development. It describes how waste can be used to generate green energy through various thermo-chemical and bio-chemical conversion processes like combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, and ethanol fermentation. These conversion processes transform biomass and organic waste into useful forms of energy like electricity, heat, biofuels and prevent waste from occupying landfills. The document also outlines different biomass resources that can be used, including agricultural/forest residues, energy crops, urban/municipal waste, and aquatic plants. Overall, green energy recovery from waste has benefits like reducing dependence on fossil fuels, producing renewable energy, and enabling more sustainable waste management.
The project aims to develop and promote a decentralized renewable biomass energy technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and meet rural energy needs in villages in Tumkur District, Karnataka. It involves demonstration of biogas and biomass gasification systems providing 1.2 MW of power. The project is funded through 2022 with a budget of 40.06 crore rupees from government and international organizations. It aims to provide energy to 2500 households and farmers as well as create employment.
The document discusses biomass power plants and using wood as an energy source. It addresses the strategic, environmental, social, and economic issues. Specifically, it discusses how using wood as an energy source can provide energy independence and stability. It also describes how biomass power reduces greenhouse gas emissions and pollution compared to fossil fuels. The document then discusses biomass cogeneration systems that produce both electricity and heat. It provides diagrams of biomass power plant systems including storage and grate designs.
The document discusses biomass as a source of renewable energy for power generation, describing the process by which biomass is converted to electricity, different types of biomass that can be used including agriculture waste, forestry waste, energy crops and urban wood waste. It also outlines the job duties and outlook for biomass technicians, barriers to wider adoption of biomass power, and how those barriers can be mitigated to encourage greater use of biomass for electricity generation.
Captive biomass energy plantations are proposed as a solution to issues with conventional biomass power plants in India. Planting fast-growing trees and grasses on wastelands could provide a low-cost, secure fuel source for biomass power plants. This would allow 24-hour renewable energy production and potentially replace thermal power plants. Large-scale biomass plantations could eliminate carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels by being carbon neutral, as well as reducing air pollution, creating jobs, and achieving energy security through domestic fuel sources. However, changing priorities would be needed to actualize this vision at a global scale.
Me 482 energy conservation and management notesfaris kk
This document provides information about the ME 482 Energy Conservation & Management course offered at KTU. It includes the course code, title, credits, objectives, syllabus, modules, expected outcomes, textbooks, and question paper pattern. The course aims to enable analysis of energy data, energy accounting, and methodologies for energy savings. The syllabus covers topics like energy and power, energy consumption data, energy auditing, components of energy billing, efficient motors and lighting, boilers and furnaces, efficient pumps and fans, and energy economics. Students will learn to carry out energy accounting and auditing and suggest ways to save energy. The assessment includes two internal exams and an end semester exam evaluating modules through long and short answer questions
This document discusses the need for biomass plantations to support biomass power plants in India due to uncertain biomass supply and prices. It provides details on the potential land available and biomass yields from plantations. A case study is presented on a 8 MW biomass power plant in Punjab that faced issues due to increasing biomass prices. To address this, the plant backed its supply with eucalyptus and napier grass plantations. However, the high costs of establishing and maintaining these plantations threatened the long term viability of power generation. The document recommends providing government incentives and subsidies to make plantation-backed biomass power plants more financially feasible.
This document provides a summary of India's biomass power sector. It notes that India has a biomass availability of 150 million metric tons per year, providing potential to install 16,000 MW of biomass power plants. However, only 600 MW is currently installed due to higher costs and inconsistent biomass fuel availability. The government provides several incentives to promote investment in biomass power. Major investments are planned from both public and private sectors to develop biomass power projects across various Indian states. Biomass cultivation and improved technologies are also areas of focus to boost the biomass power sector in India.
IRJET- Green Energy Recovery for Sustainable DevelopmentIRJET Journal
This document discusses green energy recovery from waste for sustainable development. It describes how waste can be used to generate green energy through various thermo-chemical and bio-chemical conversion processes like combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, and ethanol fermentation. These conversion processes transform biomass and organic waste into useful forms of energy like electricity, heat, biofuels and prevent waste from occupying landfills. The document also outlines different biomass resources that can be used, including agricultural/forest residues, energy crops, urban/municipal waste, and aquatic plants. Overall, green energy recovery from waste has benefits like reducing dependence on fossil fuels, producing renewable energy, and enabling more sustainable waste management.
The project aims to develop and promote a decentralized renewable biomass energy technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and meet rural energy needs in villages in Tumkur District, Karnataka. It involves demonstration of biogas and biomass gasification systems providing 1.2 MW of power. The project is funded through 2022 with a budget of 40.06 crore rupees from government and international organizations. It aims to provide energy to 2500 households and farmers as well as create employment.
The document discusses biomass power plants and using wood as an energy source. It addresses the strategic, environmental, social, and economic issues. Specifically, it discusses how using wood as an energy source can provide energy independence and stability. It also describes how biomass power reduces greenhouse gas emissions and pollution compared to fossil fuels. The document then discusses biomass cogeneration systems that produce both electricity and heat. It provides diagrams of biomass power plant systems including storage and grate designs.
The document discusses biomass as a source of renewable energy for power generation, describing the process by which biomass is converted to electricity, different types of biomass that can be used including agriculture waste, forestry waste, energy crops and urban wood waste. It also outlines the job duties and outlook for biomass technicians, barriers to wider adoption of biomass power, and how those barriers can be mitigated to encourage greater use of biomass for electricity generation.
Captive biomass energy plantations are proposed as a solution to issues with conventional biomass power plants in India. Planting fast-growing trees and grasses on wastelands could provide a low-cost, secure fuel source for biomass power plants. This would allow 24-hour renewable energy production and potentially replace thermal power plants. Large-scale biomass plantations could eliminate carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels by being carbon neutral, as well as reducing air pollution, creating jobs, and achieving energy security through domestic fuel sources. However, changing priorities would be needed to actualize this vision at a global scale.
Me 482 energy conservation and management notesfaris kk
This document provides information about the ME 482 Energy Conservation & Management course offered at KTU. It includes the course code, title, credits, objectives, syllabus, modules, expected outcomes, textbooks, and question paper pattern. The course aims to enable analysis of energy data, energy accounting, and methodologies for energy savings. The syllabus covers topics like energy and power, energy consumption data, energy auditing, components of energy billing, efficient motors and lighting, boilers and furnaces, efficient pumps and fans, and energy economics. Students will learn to carry out energy accounting and auditing and suggest ways to save energy. The assessment includes two internal exams and an end semester exam evaluating modules through long and short answer questions
This document discusses the need for biomass plantations to support biomass power plants in India due to uncertain biomass supply and prices. It provides details on the potential land available and biomass yields from plantations. A case study is presented on a 8 MW biomass power plant in Punjab that faced issues due to increasing biomass prices. To address this, the plant backed its supply with eucalyptus and napier grass plantations. However, the high costs of establishing and maintaining these plantations threatened the long term viability of power generation. The document recommends providing government incentives and subsidies to make plantation-backed biomass power plants more financially feasible.
This document provides a summary of India's biomass power sector. It notes that India has a biomass availability of 150 million metric tons per year, providing potential to install 16,000 MW of biomass power plants. However, only 600 MW is currently installed due to higher costs and inconsistent biomass fuel availability. The government provides several incentives to promote investment in biomass power. Major investments are planned from both public and private sectors to develop biomass power projects across various Indian states. Biomass cultivation and improved technologies are also areas of focus to boost the biomass power sector in India.
Biomass used intelligently to recover its energy content while disposing waste safely is a solution to climate change challenge and alternate to fossil fuel utilization.
Biomass refers to a group of organic materials that can be used to generate electric and thermal power. Sources of biomass are: herbaceous and woody plants, agriculture and forestry wastes and residues, landfill gases, animal wastes, municipal wastes, and other organic material.
An Introduction to Bioenergy: Feedstocks, Processes and ProductsElisaMendelsohn
This document provides an introduction to bioenergy feedstocks, processes, and products. It discusses how bioenergy uses renewable biomass feedstocks from many sources, like sugar and oil crops, cellulosic materials, and agricultural residues, through processes like thermochemical and biochemical conversion to produce energy. Specifically, it summarizes that bioenergy offers farmers alternative energy sources and new market opportunities; biomass feedstocks capture the sun's energy through photosynthesis and can be converted to release this stored energy; and many feedstock options exist but selection depends on regional factors.
This document outlines a seminar presentation on energy conservation. It discusses energy conservation at various levels including household, community, industrial, and transportation. It describes renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and biomass. It also covers energy efficient devices, energy auditing, India's energy conservation act of 2001, and concludes that energy conservation can improve energy security by reducing consumption.
This document discusses various sources of biomass that can be used for fuel applications. It describes how biomass from agriculture, forestry, plantations and animal husbandry can be processed into fuels. Primary sources include crop residues, woody biomass, animal waste and energy crops. Technologies for converting biomass include direct combustion as well as thermochemical and biochemical processes like pyrolysis, gasification and anaerobic digestion. The document also provides estimates of biomass potential from different sources in various countries and discusses preparation and densification of biomass through processes like drying, grinding and briquetting to improve its fuel properties.
Biomass:- slide for presentatio in a detail way Anwesha Banerjee
it a slide presentation for my college i made it .it has a spot on description on biomass application uses and production under 15 slide.
usefull for biotech students , microbio and other biological science students
Eai presentation green power conference hyderabad jan 2010Renganathan M G
The document discusses trends and future possibilities in biomass power generation technology. It outlines several imperatives for the power generation industry that biomass could help address, such as distributed and environmentally sustainable electricity production. Key biomass power generation processes discussed include gasification, pyrolysis, co-firing biomass with coal in power plants, and anaerobic digestion. Current trends and future prospects are presented for improving and advancing each of these processes to increase efficiency and flexibility in biomass use. Significant technological advances are still needed, however, for biomass to become a more substantial renewable electricity source.
Bioenergy draws on a wide range of potential feedstock materials: forestry and agricultural residues and wastes of many sorts, as well as material grown specifically for energy purposes. The raw materials can be converted to heat for use in buildings and industry, to electricity, or into gaseous or liquid fuels, which can be used in transport, for example. This degree of flexibility is unique amongst the different forms of renewable energy.
This document provides an overview of biomass energy, including its definition, how biomass plants operate to produce electricity, advantages and disadvantages, examples of large biomass plants around the world, and accidents that have occurred at some facilities. It discusses that biomass energy involves burning organic materials like wood to produce steam that drives turbines to generate electricity, and that the world's largest biomass plant is located in Poland.
This document discusses bioenergy from agricultural wastes. It begins by providing population and energy demand projections showing a need for renewable energy sources. It then discusses various agricultural and forestry wastes as well as municipal wastes that can be used for bioenergy production. The document outlines several conversion processes to produce biofuels, bioheat, and bioelectricity from biomass and discusses the applications and advantages of bioenergy.
Biomass fueled power plants produce electricity and heat by burning biomass such as wood chips and agricultural residues in boilers. Key components of biomass power plants include fuel storage and handling equipment, boilers, turbines, generators, and emissions controls. Biomass is combusted or gasified to generate steam that drives turbines connected to generators. Biomass power generation provides social and economic benefits like decreased dependence on foreign energy sources and job creation in rural areas, but faces challenges of high costs and securing a stable long-term biomass fuel supply.
Biogas is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide produced through the anaerobic digestion of organic waste by bacteria. It is a renewable source of energy that provides benefits such as being non-polluting, saving time and labor for women, and producing organic fertilizer. However, there are also challenges to biogas production and use including the limited quantity of electricity that can be produced globally and the difficulty of maintaining a steady supply of waste materials.
Mitigation of climate change requires the decrease of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere and the increasing use of renewable energies replacing fossil fuels. Agricultural greenhouses are energy-intensive agricultural systems using mainly fossil fuels. The use of renewable energies during their operation is limited so far. The possibility of using renewable energies for covering their energy needs has been investigated, focused on the Mediterranean region. Various sustainable energy technologies which are reliable, mature, cost-effective and broadly used in various applications are examined. These include solar-PV systems, low enthalpy geothermal energy, solid biomass burning, co-generation systems, high efficiency heat pumps and reuse of rejected industrial heat. Combined use of these systems in greenhouses can cover all their energy requirements in heat, cooling and electricity, reducing or zeroing their net CO2 emissions into the atmosphere due to operational energy use. It is concluded that depending on their local availability in Mediterranean countries, these benign energy technologies can assist greenhouse crop growers in the reduction of their carbon emissions, contributing in the achievement of the universal goal for climate change mitigation.
Biomass is an efficient non-conventional energy source that comes from biological materials like plants and animals or waste products. There are two processes for obtaining energy from biomass - direct combustion, which burns biomass directly, and indirect combustion, which converts biomass into a gas or liquid fuel like biofuel. Using biomass for energy releases few pollutants, acts as both a fuel and lubricant, and helps establish local biofuel reservoirs from waste to reduce future energy scarcity.
วารสารวิชาการเทคโนโลยีพลังงานและสิ่งแวดล้อม บัณฑิตวิทยาลัย วิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสยาม
Journal of Energy and Environment Technology of Graduate School Siam Technology College
Dr. Navin Sharma is Biofuel Programme Manager with the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) based in India. He holds a Ph D in Applied Biology from the University of Cambridge and has carried out his Postdoctoral work at the University of York. Navin has over 23 years of experience in industrial R&D working with two major FMCG companies: Unilever and ITC. He is currently leading a biofuels initiative being implemented in South Asia, Latin America and Africa. http://www.worldagroforestry.org/cop12
Energy sources in rural areas can be supplemented by woody, non-woody agro -residue, and degradable aquatic biomass. Process inputs can give small industries supplying biofuels.
This document summarizes biomass as an energy source. It defines biomass as living matter that can be used as fuel, such as wood, waste, and alcohol fuels from crops. It discusses sources of biomass including wood, waste, and landfill gas. Methods of converting biomass into energy are also outlined, such as direct incineration, bacterial decay, and fermentation. The majority of biomass energy is currently used residentially for heating. Advantages include biomass being renewable and creating rural jobs, while disadvantages are contributions to global warming and high production costs. The future potential of biomass is discussed to help meet renewable energy targets and reduce dependency on depleting fossil fuels.
Mathematical Evaluation of Non-Woody Biomass Species Mixed with Coal Biomass ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the use of non-woody biomass species mixed with coal for biomass briquettes. Proximate analyses were conducted on groundnut shell, different parts of pigeon pea, and coal to determine their moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, fixed carbon, and calorific values. Coal was then mixed with groundnut shell and different components of pigeon pea in various ratios to create briquettes. The briquettes with a 80:20 coal to biomass ratio had lower ash content and higher volatile matter and energy value compared to other ratios. Energy values were also higher for coal mixed with pigeon pea biomass compared to coal mixed
Generator Powered by Wood gas – An Alternative ApproachIRJET Journal
This document discusses an alternative approach to powering generators using wood gas instead of fossil fuels. Wood gasification is the process of converting solid biomass into a gaseous form that can be used as fuel. The document describes how biomass such as wood can be gasified in a gasifier to produce syngas consisting mainly of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen, which can then power engines or generators. The gasification process and the components of a gasifier system are explained, including a cyclone filter to remove particles from the syngas, a gas cooler, fine filter, and blower. Wood gas is presented as a renewable alternative fuel that can replace gasoline or diesel in vehicles and generators.
Biomass used intelligently to recover its energy content while disposing waste safely is a solution to climate change challenge and alternate to fossil fuel utilization.
Biomass refers to a group of organic materials that can be used to generate electric and thermal power. Sources of biomass are: herbaceous and woody plants, agriculture and forestry wastes and residues, landfill gases, animal wastes, municipal wastes, and other organic material.
An Introduction to Bioenergy: Feedstocks, Processes and ProductsElisaMendelsohn
This document provides an introduction to bioenergy feedstocks, processes, and products. It discusses how bioenergy uses renewable biomass feedstocks from many sources, like sugar and oil crops, cellulosic materials, and agricultural residues, through processes like thermochemical and biochemical conversion to produce energy. Specifically, it summarizes that bioenergy offers farmers alternative energy sources and new market opportunities; biomass feedstocks capture the sun's energy through photosynthesis and can be converted to release this stored energy; and many feedstock options exist but selection depends on regional factors.
This document outlines a seminar presentation on energy conservation. It discusses energy conservation at various levels including household, community, industrial, and transportation. It describes renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and biomass. It also covers energy efficient devices, energy auditing, India's energy conservation act of 2001, and concludes that energy conservation can improve energy security by reducing consumption.
This document discusses various sources of biomass that can be used for fuel applications. It describes how biomass from agriculture, forestry, plantations and animal husbandry can be processed into fuels. Primary sources include crop residues, woody biomass, animal waste and energy crops. Technologies for converting biomass include direct combustion as well as thermochemical and biochemical processes like pyrolysis, gasification and anaerobic digestion. The document also provides estimates of biomass potential from different sources in various countries and discusses preparation and densification of biomass through processes like drying, grinding and briquetting to improve its fuel properties.
Biomass:- slide for presentatio in a detail way Anwesha Banerjee
it a slide presentation for my college i made it .it has a spot on description on biomass application uses and production under 15 slide.
usefull for biotech students , microbio and other biological science students
Eai presentation green power conference hyderabad jan 2010Renganathan M G
The document discusses trends and future possibilities in biomass power generation technology. It outlines several imperatives for the power generation industry that biomass could help address, such as distributed and environmentally sustainable electricity production. Key biomass power generation processes discussed include gasification, pyrolysis, co-firing biomass with coal in power plants, and anaerobic digestion. Current trends and future prospects are presented for improving and advancing each of these processes to increase efficiency and flexibility in biomass use. Significant technological advances are still needed, however, for biomass to become a more substantial renewable electricity source.
Bioenergy draws on a wide range of potential feedstock materials: forestry and agricultural residues and wastes of many sorts, as well as material grown specifically for energy purposes. The raw materials can be converted to heat for use in buildings and industry, to electricity, or into gaseous or liquid fuels, which can be used in transport, for example. This degree of flexibility is unique amongst the different forms of renewable energy.
This document provides an overview of biomass energy, including its definition, how biomass plants operate to produce electricity, advantages and disadvantages, examples of large biomass plants around the world, and accidents that have occurred at some facilities. It discusses that biomass energy involves burning organic materials like wood to produce steam that drives turbines to generate electricity, and that the world's largest biomass plant is located in Poland.
This document discusses bioenergy from agricultural wastes. It begins by providing population and energy demand projections showing a need for renewable energy sources. It then discusses various agricultural and forestry wastes as well as municipal wastes that can be used for bioenergy production. The document outlines several conversion processes to produce biofuels, bioheat, and bioelectricity from biomass and discusses the applications and advantages of bioenergy.
Biomass fueled power plants produce electricity and heat by burning biomass such as wood chips and agricultural residues in boilers. Key components of biomass power plants include fuel storage and handling equipment, boilers, turbines, generators, and emissions controls. Biomass is combusted or gasified to generate steam that drives turbines connected to generators. Biomass power generation provides social and economic benefits like decreased dependence on foreign energy sources and job creation in rural areas, but faces challenges of high costs and securing a stable long-term biomass fuel supply.
Biogas is a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide produced through the anaerobic digestion of organic waste by bacteria. It is a renewable source of energy that provides benefits such as being non-polluting, saving time and labor for women, and producing organic fertilizer. However, there are also challenges to biogas production and use including the limited quantity of electricity that can be produced globally and the difficulty of maintaining a steady supply of waste materials.
Mitigation of climate change requires the decrease of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere and the increasing use of renewable energies replacing fossil fuels. Agricultural greenhouses are energy-intensive agricultural systems using mainly fossil fuels. The use of renewable energies during their operation is limited so far. The possibility of using renewable energies for covering their energy needs has been investigated, focused on the Mediterranean region. Various sustainable energy technologies which are reliable, mature, cost-effective and broadly used in various applications are examined. These include solar-PV systems, low enthalpy geothermal energy, solid biomass burning, co-generation systems, high efficiency heat pumps and reuse of rejected industrial heat. Combined use of these systems in greenhouses can cover all their energy requirements in heat, cooling and electricity, reducing or zeroing their net CO2 emissions into the atmosphere due to operational energy use. It is concluded that depending on their local availability in Mediterranean countries, these benign energy technologies can assist greenhouse crop growers in the reduction of their carbon emissions, contributing in the achievement of the universal goal for climate change mitigation.
Biomass is an efficient non-conventional energy source that comes from biological materials like plants and animals or waste products. There are two processes for obtaining energy from biomass - direct combustion, which burns biomass directly, and indirect combustion, which converts biomass into a gas or liquid fuel like biofuel. Using biomass for energy releases few pollutants, acts as both a fuel and lubricant, and helps establish local biofuel reservoirs from waste to reduce future energy scarcity.
วารสารวิชาการเทคโนโลยีพลังงานและสิ่งแวดล้อม บัณฑิตวิทยาลัย วิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีสยาม
Journal of Energy and Environment Technology of Graduate School Siam Technology College
Dr. Navin Sharma is Biofuel Programme Manager with the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) based in India. He holds a Ph D in Applied Biology from the University of Cambridge and has carried out his Postdoctoral work at the University of York. Navin has over 23 years of experience in industrial R&D working with two major FMCG companies: Unilever and ITC. He is currently leading a biofuels initiative being implemented in South Asia, Latin America and Africa. http://www.worldagroforestry.org/cop12
Energy sources in rural areas can be supplemented by woody, non-woody agro -residue, and degradable aquatic biomass. Process inputs can give small industries supplying biofuels.
This document summarizes biomass as an energy source. It defines biomass as living matter that can be used as fuel, such as wood, waste, and alcohol fuels from crops. It discusses sources of biomass including wood, waste, and landfill gas. Methods of converting biomass into energy are also outlined, such as direct incineration, bacterial decay, and fermentation. The majority of biomass energy is currently used residentially for heating. Advantages include biomass being renewable and creating rural jobs, while disadvantages are contributions to global warming and high production costs. The future potential of biomass is discussed to help meet renewable energy targets and reduce dependency on depleting fossil fuels.
Mathematical Evaluation of Non-Woody Biomass Species Mixed with Coal Biomass ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the use of non-woody biomass species mixed with coal for biomass briquettes. Proximate analyses were conducted on groundnut shell, different parts of pigeon pea, and coal to determine their moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, fixed carbon, and calorific values. Coal was then mixed with groundnut shell and different components of pigeon pea in various ratios to create briquettes. The briquettes with a 80:20 coal to biomass ratio had lower ash content and higher volatile matter and energy value compared to other ratios. Energy values were also higher for coal mixed with pigeon pea biomass compared to coal mixed
Generator Powered by Wood gas – An Alternative ApproachIRJET Journal
This document discusses an alternative approach to powering generators using wood gas instead of fossil fuels. Wood gasification is the process of converting solid biomass into a gaseous form that can be used as fuel. The document describes how biomass such as wood can be gasified in a gasifier to produce syngas consisting mainly of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen, which can then power engines or generators. The gasification process and the components of a gasifier system are explained, including a cyclone filter to remove particles from the syngas, a gas cooler, fine filter, and blower. Wood gas is presented as a renewable alternative fuel that can replace gasoline or diesel in vehicles and generators.
Sustainable Development of Bioenergy from Agriculture Residues and EnvironmentTriple A Research Journal
This communication discusses a comprehensive review of biomass energy
sources, environment and sustainable development. This includes all the
biomass energy technologies, energy efficiency systems, energy
conservation scenarios, energy savings and other mitigation measures
necessary to reduce emissions globally. The current literature is reviewed
regarding the ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts of biomass
technology. This study gives an overview of present and future use of
biomass as an industrial feedstock for production of fuels, chemicals and
other materials. However, to be truly competitive in an open market
situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that
biomass technology must be encouraged, promoted, invested,
implemented, and demonstrated, but especially in remote rural areas.
Keywords: Biomass resources, wastes, woodfuel, biofuels, energy,
environment, sustainability related with bioenergy development, disperse
systems formulation science, surfactant sciences
Efficient Use of Cesspool and Biogas for Sustainable Energy Generation: Recen...BRNSS Publication Hub
Biogas from biomass appears to have potential as an alternative energy source, which is potentially rich
in biomass resources. This is an overview of some salient points and perspectives of biogas technology.
The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural, and economic impacts of
biogas technology. This article gives an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial
feedstock for the production of fuels, chemicals, and other materials. However, to be truly competitive
in an open market situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that biogas technology
must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, but especially in remote rural
areas
Technologies Involved in Biomass to Energy Conversion and its Utilization in ...IRJET Journal
This document discusses biomass conversion technologies used in India to generate energy from biomass. It begins with an introduction to biomass as a renewable energy source and India's growing installed capacity of renewable energy. It then describes the various types of biomass resources available in India, including wood/agricultural waste, solid waste, landfill gas, and biofuels. The major technologies currently used at large scale in India are discussed - co-firing of biomass with coal, gasification of biomass, and anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas. While biomass energy has benefits, issues associated with large-scale usage include potential environmental impacts if forest resources are overexploited and public health impacts if biomass
IRJET- Analysis of Solar PV/Bio-Gas Hybrid Water Pumping System for Minor Irr...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes a solar PV/biogas hybrid water pumping system for minor irrigation and community drinking water. It discusses the advantages of hybrid renewable energy systems for powering remote, off-grid areas. The document summarizes the components of solar PV, biogas, and hybrid energy systems. It also discusses sizing the components based on load requirements and the benefits of solar/biogas hybrid systems for power supply in remote areas lacking electric grids.
- Biomass energy is produced through photosynthesis in green plants, where plants use carbon dioxide, water, sunlight and minerals to produce organic matter containing stored energy.
- Common sources of biomass include cultivated crops, agricultural waste, forest waste, animal waste, algae, and aquatic weeds. Biomass can be converted into useful energy forms like heat, biogas, solid fuels, liquid fuels and organic chemicals.
- Important biomass conversion processes include direct combustion, thermochemical processes like gasification and pyrolysis, and biochemical processes like anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic digestion is used in biogas plants to produce methane gas from biomass sources like animal dung and agricultural waste.
It is just a name for utilizing fast-growing trees, sugar cane, crop residue etc. for use in small power generation schemes. cogeneration using bagasse, power from biomass as fuel and biomass gasifier systems are together classified as dendro power.
Sustainable Development and Environment of Biomass from Agriculture ResiduesBRNSSPublicationHubI
This document discusses sustainable development and the environment relating to biomass from agricultural residues. It provides an overview of biomass energy sources and technologies, and highlights the potential energy savings and emissions reductions that can be achieved through greater use of biomass. The document reviews literature on the ecological, social and economic impacts of biomass technology, and discusses various biomass applications including biogas, biofuels and bioheat production from organic wastes.
This document provides an overview of conventional energy sources. It discusses the main conventional energy sources which are fossil fuels including coal, petroleum and natural gas. Coal forms over millions of years from decayed plant matter and is the most abundant fossil fuel. Petroleum forms in a similar way from animal and plant remains and is refined to produce fuels like gasoline. Natural gas forms alongside oil and coal and is composed primarily of methane. These conventional sources currently supply most of the world's energy but are finite and contribute to global warming.
Raunak Bhatia's presentation discusses biomass energy. It explains that biomass can be converted into modern energy forms like liquid and gaseous fuels, electricity, and process heat. The presentation motivates the use of biomass energy by outlining India's targets to increase renewable energy capacity and reduce carbon emissions. It then describes various methods to extract energy from biomass, including combustion, gasification, anaerobic digestion, and liquefaction. Specific technologies discussed include biomass cooking stoves, biomass gasifiers, and anaerobic digesters.
This document reviews the potential for using waste-derived bioenergy in marine systems. It discusses how biomass energy from waste can help address sustainability challenges while offsetting greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels. The document also examines trends in biomass development, including the growth of biofuels markets and potential applications for shipping. A process is proposed for meeting biomass demands that involves energy auditing, risk analysis, and a system to collect organic waste, ferment it to produce methane gas, and use the gas in a cogenerator.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT & DESIGN ...IRJET Journal
1. The document discusses a study analyzing the production of biogas from sewage at a treatment plant in Greater Noida, India with capacity of 137 million liters per day.
2. Key findings include that approximately 1.417 million cubic meters of biogas could be produced annually, reducing CO2 emissions significantly. Combining wastewater and sludge treatment improves biogas recovery.
3. The document also details the design of an anaerobic digester for the sewage treatment plant, estimating the biogas production based on characteristics of the wastewater and sludge. Approximately 65% of suspended solids in the sewage can be removed, and digestion reduces volatile content of these solids by 65
The document summarizes the key points from Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy's presentation on sustainable energy utilization at SANGAM 2008 in Bangalore. It discusses India's current energy usage patterns and reliance on biomass in rural areas. It also outlines the potential for renewable sources like solar and wind in India given the country's suitable resources and growing energy demand. Specific strategies are proposed for non-governmental organizations to promote renewable energy adoption through community-level assessments, training, and demonstration projects.
The document discusses biomass energy in India. It provides details on:
1) The states leading in biomass power capacity are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Chhattisgarh. Total biomass power capacity in India was over 4,700 MW as of 2015-16.
2) Biomass power comes from combustion, gasification, and bagasse cogeneration. Off-grid biomass power comes from cogeneration, gasifiers, and waste-to-energy. Total biomass-based power capacity in India was nearly 6,000 MW.
3) Major barriers to faster development of biomass power
The document is a student project on biomass energy. It includes an acknowledgment and certificate sections recognizing the student's completion of the project for his Energy Conservation and Green Building course. The content section outlines key topics covered about biomass energy, including its introduction, sources, conversion methods, types, advantages, and disadvantages. Biomass energy comes from organic materials like plants and waste that can be directly burned or processed into other fuels. While a renewable source, biomass still faces challenges in potential lack of sustainability if not properly managed and high transportation costs over long distances.
The document discusses biomass as a source of energy. It describes various sources of biomass including forestry, agricultural, and organic waste biomass. Forests are described as a multifunctional resource that can provide woody biomass. Agroforestry and energy plantations are introduced as ways to grow trees outside forests. Examples of suitable tree species for different climatic zones in India are provided, including nitrogen fixing trees that can grow in wastelands. The properties and chemical composition of different types of solid biomass like wood, agro-residue, and aqueous waste are outlined.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Blood finder application project report (1).pdfKamal Acharya
Blood Finder is an emergency time app where a user can search for the blood banks as
well as the registered blood donors around Mumbai. This application also provide an
opportunity for the user of this application to become a registered donor for this user have
to enroll for the donor request from the application itself. If the admin wish to make user
a registered donor, with some of the formalities with the organization it can be done.
Specialization of this application is that the user will not have to register on sign-in for
searching the blood banks and blood donors it can be just done by installing the
application to the mobile.
The purpose of making this application is to save the user’s time for searching blood of
needed blood group during the time of the emergency.
This is an android application developed in Java and XML with the connectivity of
SQLite database. This application will provide most of basic functionality required for an
emergency time application. All the details of Blood banks and Blood donors are stored
in the database i.e. SQLite.
This application allowed the user to get all the information regarding blood banks and
blood donors such as Name, Number, Address, Blood Group, rather than searching it on
the different websites and wasting the precious time. This application is effective and
user friendly.
Open Channel Flow: fluid flow with a free surfaceIndrajeet sahu
Open Channel Flow: This topic focuses on fluid flow with a free surface, such as in rivers, canals, and drainage ditches. Key concepts include the classification of flow types (steady vs. unsteady, uniform vs. non-uniform), hydraulic radius, flow resistance, Manning's equation, critical flow conditions, and energy and momentum principles. It also covers flow measurement techniques, gradually varied flow analysis, and the design of open channels. Understanding these principles is vital for effective water resource management and engineering applications.
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Home security is of paramount importance in today's world, where we rely more on technology, home
security is crucial. Using technology to make homes safer and easier to control from anywhere is
important. Home security is important for the occupant’s safety. In this paper, we came up with a low cost,
AI based model home security system. The system has a user-friendly interface, allowing users to start
model training and face detection with simple keyboard commands. Our goal is to introduce an innovative
home security system using facial recognition technology. Unlike traditional systems, this system trains
and saves images of friends and family members. The system scans this folder to recognize familiar faces
and provides real-time monitoring. If an unfamiliar face is detected, it promptly sends an email alert,
ensuring a proactive response to potential security threats.
Accident detection system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place
frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities.
Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and
reach in time. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. A piezo electric
sensor can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from a piezo electric sensor, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this
project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately piezo electric sensor will detect the
signal or if a car rolls over. Then with the help of GSM module and GPS module, the location
will be sent to the emergency contact. Then after conforming the location necessary action will
be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s
life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to
avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team.