Biomass fueled power plants produce electricity and heat by burning biomass such as wood chips and agricultural residues in boilers. Key components of biomass power plants include fuel storage and handling equipment, boilers, turbines, generators, and emissions controls. Biomass is combusted or gasified to generate steam that drives turbines connected to generators. Biomass power generation provides social and economic benefits like decreased dependence on foreign energy sources and job creation in rural areas, but faces challenges of high costs and securing a stable long-term biomass fuel supply.

1. BIOMASS FUELED POWER
PLANTS
Presented by
Sinjo Johnson
B7
SCTCE
Guided by
Prof: Indu S
Dept of .Biotechnology
SCTCE
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2. OUTLINE
 Introduction
 Biomass and its sources
 Biomass power plant and its
working
 Biomass power generation modes
 Social benefits
 Challenges
 Conclusions
 References
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3. INTRODUCTION
□ Enough biomass resources in the world to cover the world’s
energy demand.
□ Biomass can be transformed into clean energy by a variety of
technologies.
□ Biomass lying around on the ground over a long period will
release CO2 and its stored energy.
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4. 0VERVIEW
□ Biomass can be chemically and biochemically treated to convert it
to a energy-rich fuel.
□ Thermal energy is extracted by means of combustion, pyrolysis,
and gasification.
□ Energy derived from biomass is mostly used to generate
electricity or to produce heat.
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5. BIOMASS
□ Biomass is a renewable energy source that is derived from living
or recently living organisms.
□ It is produced by metabolic activities of biological systems (plants
and animals) and/or products of their decomposition or conversion
□ The chemical and energetic value of those materials is based on
the carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bond
□ Biomass suitable for utilization must have a net heating value
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7. KEY COMPONENTS OF
BIOMASS POWER PLANT
□ Fuel storage and handling equipment
□ Boiler
□ Pumps
□ Fans
□ Steam turbine
□ Generator
□ Condenser
□ Combustor / furnace
□ Cooling tower
□ Exhaust / emissions controls
□ System controls (automated) 7

8. WORKING
 A biomass- fueled power plant produces electricity and heat by
burning biomass in a boiler.
 The most common types of boilers are hot water boilers and steam
boilers.
 Wood chips, residues and other types of biomass are used in the
boilers, in the same way as coal, natural gas and oil.
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9. WORKING(Cont…)
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10. BIOMASS POWER GENERATION MODES
Different types of biomass power generation modes are:
□ Combustion
□ Gasification combustion
□ Mixed burning
□ Gasification mixed burning
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11. BIOMASS POWER GENERATION MODES
COMBUSTION
 Most common method
 Direct combustion of biomass material ,such as agricultural waste or
woody materials
 Biomass is burned in a combustor to generate hot gas which is fed
into a boiler to generate steam which is expanded through a steam
turbine or steam engine to produce mechanical or electrical energy
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12. BIOMASS POWER GENERATION MODE
GASIFICATION COMBUSTION
solid biomass breaks down to form a flammable
gas.
Biomass gasified first and then fuel gas burned in
gas turbine or engine
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13. Advantage
 High efficiency at small scale
 Flexible in capacity
 Low investment
Disadvantage
 Complex equipment
 High maintenance cost
Applications
 Medium and small system
 Combined cycles , which combine gas turbines
and steam
turbines to produce electricity
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14. BIOMASS POWER GENERATION MODE
MIXED BURNING
Biomass mixed with coal and burned in boiler
 Main advantage
Simple and convenient operation
Least investment if no reconstruction of existing
device
 Main disadvantage
Strict biomass pretreatment and quality
Some impact on original system.
 Application
Suitable for timber biomass.
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15. BIOMASS POWER GENERATION MODES
Gasification –mixed burning
Biomass gasified first and then fuel gas burned with
coal in boiler.
 Main advantage
Universal application.
Low impact on original coal-fired system.
Economic benefit.
 Main disadvantage
Complex management.
Certain metal erosion problem.
 Application
Power generation system for mass biomass.
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16. SOCIAL BENEFITS OFBIOMASS POWER
GENERATION
 Biomass power generates electricity that is:
reliable,
domestically produced,
economically competitive.
environmentally sustainable.
 Since biomass energy uses domestically-
produced fuels, biomass power:
greatly reduces our dependence on foreign energy
sources,
increases our national security
provides greater fuel diversity.
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17. ECONOMIC BENEFITS
 Minimizes cost involved with waste disposal.
 Can generate money for community.
 It provide job opportunity in rural areas.
 Power from biomass gasifier based plants are cheap
in rural areas.
 Overall cost of installation, running,
transmission, labor etc. per unit cost of
electricity is low.
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18. CHALLENGES
 Large project cost.
 Low efficiency in technology.
 Pre-processing the fuel.
 Handling is very difficult.
 Non transparent trade markers.
 High risk.
 Securing the long term supply of Biomass fuel source
at stable prices.
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19. CONCLUSIONS
 Uses low cost waste materials.
 Recycling waste materials can be a solution to the problems with
disposing of waste products.
 Reduced dependence on foreign oil.
 Biomass plants operate in a reliable and consistent manner
providing crucial base load power generation.
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20. REFERENCES
 A. Marbe, S. Harvey, T. Berntsson, Biofuel gasification combined heat and
power-new implementation.
 B H KHAN, “Non-conventional energy resources” , 3RD edition, pub. year 2006.
 B. Wahlund, J. Yan, M. Westermark, Comparative assessment of biofuel-based
combined heat and power.
 Generation with small-scale biomass plants-state of the art review, in: Proc. the
Second International Symposium
 M. Salomon, T. Savola, M. Kirjavainen, A.R. Martin, C.J. Fogelholm,
Distributed combined heat and power.
 On Distributed Generation: Power System and Market Aspects, October 3-4,
2002, Stockholm, Sweden.
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21. THANK YOU
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