This document discusses biomass conversion technologies used in India to generate energy from biomass. It begins with an introduction to biomass as a renewable energy source and India's growing installed capacity of renewable energy. It then describes the various types of biomass resources available in India, including wood/agricultural waste, solid waste, landfill gas, and biofuels. The major technologies currently used at large scale in India are discussed - co-firing of biomass with coal, gasification of biomass, and anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas. While biomass energy has benefits, issues associated with large-scale usage include potential environmental impacts if forest resources are overexploited and public health impacts if biomass
ENGINE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH TRENDS OF ADVANCED BIOFUEL AS ALTERNATIVE FUEL...IAEME Publication
1) The document discusses research trends in advanced biofuels as alternatives to fossil fuels for transportation. It focuses on using non-edible raw materials like lignocellulose and algae to produce biofuels.
2) The key challenges discussed are reducing fuel production costs and developing engine technologies optimized for biofuels. Research is exploring more efficient cultivation of algae and conversion of biomass.
3) The document also examines policies and technologies needed to improve biofuel properties, increase blending limits in vehicles, and boost biofuels' carbon dioxide reduction effectiveness compared to fossil fuels.
Petroleum fuels are finite and their use contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, forcing development of alternative fuels. The document discusses biofuels as alternatives, specifically bioethanol and biodiesel which can replace gasoline and diesel. It provides details on production methods and feedstocks for various generations of biofuels. While biofuels have benefits like renewability and reducing emissions, their production costs remain higher than conventional fuels in most cases. Government policies aim to support biofuel industries for economic and environmental reasons.
Livestock farmers’ perception on generation of cattle waste Alexander Decker
This document discusses a study on livestock farmers' perceptions of cattle waste-based biogas methane generation in Embu West District, Kenya. The study surveyed 156 livestock farmers, most of whom practiced zero-grazing and had multiple cows. Only 14% had installed biogas digesters. The study found that farmers had a positive perception of biogas technology and knowledge of how it works, despite the low adoption rate. Statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between perception and adoption level. However, there was a significant relationship between perception and knowledge. The research concluded that other factors beyond perception, like installation costs, contributed more to the low uptake of biogas technology.
Study of Biomass Briquettes, Factors Affecting Its Performance and Technologi...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) multidisciplinary peer-reviewed Journal with reputable academics and experts as board member. IOSR-JESTFT is designed for the prompt publication of peer-reviewed articles in all areas of subject. The journal articles will be accessed freely online
Efficient Use of Cesspool and Biogas for Sustainable Energy Generation: Recen...BRNSS Publication Hub
Biogas from biomass appears to have potential as an alternative energy source, which is potentially rich
in biomass resources. This is an overview of some salient points and perspectives of biogas technology.
The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural, and economic impacts of
biogas technology. This article gives an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial
feedstock for the production of fuels, chemicals, and other materials. However, to be truly competitive
in an open market situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that biogas technology
must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, but especially in remote rural
areas
Briquetting machine report for phase-1manugowdapes
This document discusses the design and fabrication of a low-cost briquetting machine. It begins by introducing briquetting as a process to compress biomass into densified briquettes using screw or pneumatic compressors. It then describes the process of briquetting which involves drying, grinding, and compressing biomass. The document goes on to discuss the need for an integrated low-cost machine that can grind and compress biomass. It cites issues with fossil fuel depletion and air pollution as motivation for developing biomass briquettes as an alternative. The machine is intended to efficiently produce briquettes from dry waste that can be used as a replacement for fossil fuels like coal.
Determination of the Cost of Production from the Raw Dung to the Final Outpu...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Agricultural Waste Management in order to sustainable agriculture in KarnatakaAgriculture Journal IJOEAR
— Renewable energy as an alternative of fossil fuel for minimizing pollution and related issues, has got significant role in recent years. Agricultural residues as a source of biomass can be used to produce biogas. Every year while production of agriculture product generates lots of agro-residues and in many cases either left behind with no use or burn. Whereas can be prevented losing this source of energy by converting to the other types of energy. Nevertheless in present study assessing the potential of producing biogas out of biomass (agricultural residue) during one year in Karnataka state has conducted. For this purpose, production of agricultural crop residues data during one year depends on volatile solid (VS), extracted and according to the related coefficient, potential of biogas (methane) production computed. Results showed Maximum extracted methane respectively belonged to the rice, jowar, ragi, peanut and cotton residues. The total potential of methane production during the one year, 6391403732 cubic meters estimated.
ENGINE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH TRENDS OF ADVANCED BIOFUEL AS ALTERNATIVE FUEL...IAEME Publication
1) The document discusses research trends in advanced biofuels as alternatives to fossil fuels for transportation. It focuses on using non-edible raw materials like lignocellulose and algae to produce biofuels.
2) The key challenges discussed are reducing fuel production costs and developing engine technologies optimized for biofuels. Research is exploring more efficient cultivation of algae and conversion of biomass.
3) The document also examines policies and technologies needed to improve biofuel properties, increase blending limits in vehicles, and boost biofuels' carbon dioxide reduction effectiveness compared to fossil fuels.
Petroleum fuels are finite and their use contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, forcing development of alternative fuels. The document discusses biofuels as alternatives, specifically bioethanol and biodiesel which can replace gasoline and diesel. It provides details on production methods and feedstocks for various generations of biofuels. While biofuels have benefits like renewability and reducing emissions, their production costs remain higher than conventional fuels in most cases. Government policies aim to support biofuel industries for economic and environmental reasons.
Livestock farmers’ perception on generation of cattle waste Alexander Decker
This document discusses a study on livestock farmers' perceptions of cattle waste-based biogas methane generation in Embu West District, Kenya. The study surveyed 156 livestock farmers, most of whom practiced zero-grazing and had multiple cows. Only 14% had installed biogas digesters. The study found that farmers had a positive perception of biogas technology and knowledge of how it works, despite the low adoption rate. Statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between perception and adoption level. However, there was a significant relationship between perception and knowledge. The research concluded that other factors beyond perception, like installation costs, contributed more to the low uptake of biogas technology.
Study of Biomass Briquettes, Factors Affecting Its Performance and Technologi...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) multidisciplinary peer-reviewed Journal with reputable academics and experts as board member. IOSR-JESTFT is designed for the prompt publication of peer-reviewed articles in all areas of subject. The journal articles will be accessed freely online
Efficient Use of Cesspool and Biogas for Sustainable Energy Generation: Recen...BRNSS Publication Hub
Biogas from biomass appears to have potential as an alternative energy source, which is potentially rich
in biomass resources. This is an overview of some salient points and perspectives of biogas technology.
The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural, and economic impacts of
biogas technology. This article gives an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial
feedstock for the production of fuels, chemicals, and other materials. However, to be truly competitive
in an open market situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that biogas technology
must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, but especially in remote rural
areas
Briquetting machine report for phase-1manugowdapes
This document discusses the design and fabrication of a low-cost briquetting machine. It begins by introducing briquetting as a process to compress biomass into densified briquettes using screw or pneumatic compressors. It then describes the process of briquetting which involves drying, grinding, and compressing biomass. The document goes on to discuss the need for an integrated low-cost machine that can grind and compress biomass. It cites issues with fossil fuel depletion and air pollution as motivation for developing biomass briquettes as an alternative. The machine is intended to efficiently produce briquettes from dry waste that can be used as a replacement for fossil fuels like coal.
Determination of the Cost of Production from the Raw Dung to the Final Outpu...theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Agricultural Waste Management in order to sustainable agriculture in KarnatakaAgriculture Journal IJOEAR
— Renewable energy as an alternative of fossil fuel for minimizing pollution and related issues, has got significant role in recent years. Agricultural residues as a source of biomass can be used to produce biogas. Every year while production of agriculture product generates lots of agro-residues and in many cases either left behind with no use or burn. Whereas can be prevented losing this source of energy by converting to the other types of energy. Nevertheless in present study assessing the potential of producing biogas out of biomass (agricultural residue) during one year in Karnataka state has conducted. For this purpose, production of agricultural crop residues data during one year depends on volatile solid (VS), extracted and according to the related coefficient, potential of biogas (methane) production computed. Results showed Maximum extracted methane respectively belonged to the rice, jowar, ragi, peanut and cotton residues. The total potential of methane production during the one year, 6391403732 cubic meters estimated.
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF BRIQUETTING MOLDEkwueme Henry
A project on biomass briquetting mold for conversion of biomass waste to briquetting.
Biomass briquettes are cooking fuels form from biomass for the reduction of the use of firewood in rural area mostly.
IRJET- Enhancement of Biogas Production by Co-Digestion of Fruit and Vegetabl...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on enhancing biogas production through co-digestion of fruit and vegetable waste with cow dung. Four mixtures of fruit, vegetable, and cow waste were prepared in different ratios and subjected to anaerobic digestion. The biogas production from each mixture was measured and modeled using logistic and modified Gompertz kinetic models. The results showed that a ratio of 0.5 parts fruit waste, 1.5 parts vegetable waste, and 1 part cow waste produced the highest amount of biogas and fit best to the modified Gompertz model. Characterization of the waste mixtures found total solid and volatile solid contents ranged from 74-75% with C/N ratios between 5-9.
This document discusses converting cow dung into methanol through a two-step process of anaerobic digestion followed by acid treatment. The quantities and qualities of methane gas and methanol produced depend on factors like slurry concentration and temperature. Gas chromatography analysis found the biogas contained 57.23% methane. Refining the biogas enhanced the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, making the organic components more available for the acid reaction. Spectroscopic analysis indicated methanol was formed, with a purity of 92.5%. The process also generates fertilizer from the leftover sludge.
GHG emissions in an intensive agriculture scenario 2.0Ramanjaneyulu GV
GHG emissions from intensive agriculture in India are significant. The intensive agriculture model relies on heavy use of external inputs like chemical fertilizers and is linear rather than cyclical. Chemical fertilizer production and use, including urea, accounts for nearly 100 million tons of CO2-eq emissions annually in India or around 6% of total emissions. Methane emissions from rice cultivation, livestock, and large dams also contribute substantially to India's GHG emissions. Burning of rice and wheat straw releases millions of tons of pollutants and lost nutrients annually. Climate change will negatively impact agriculture through rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and more frequent extreme weather. Sustainable agricultural models that are less input-intensive and align more with natural
Biomass from sources like trees, crops, and waste can be used for energy through technologies like thermo and bio conversion. India aims to promote bioenergy to meet sustainability goals and increase energy security by reducing oil imports. Key challenges include overcoming economic, social, and technical barriers to increase adoption of bioenergy technologies on a larger scale. Developing reliable biomass supply and providing cost competitive energy services will be important for the growth of the bioenergy sector in India.
Modeling and analysis of control circuit for biogas electrification technologyeSAT Journals
Abstract For sustainable development, balanced energy portfolio is required that is suited to the economic, social, environment and resource conditions of a specific region or the whole world. Energy resources are fossil fuels, nuclear sources and renewable resources. Conventional energy resources are limited as well as they are subjected to pollution due to combustion and chemical processes. Biogas, one of the renewable resources, is produced from various biomass sources through biochemical process. Electricity and heat can be produced from it with minor clean up. Bangladesh has a plenty biomass resources which can play an important role for country’s development. For electricity generation, control circuit is needed to have desired and controlled output. This paper addresses on biogas, its biochemical processes and electricity generation process from biogas. It also shows the potential and prospects of biogas electrification technology for rural Bangladesh. Paper explore mathematical model and explain actions of control circuits those are connected to the generator though simulation. Key Words: Renewable energy; Biogas; Biochemical process; Electricity generation; Potentials; Mathematical model; Control circuit; DC converter.
Boom or bust – the future prospects for biofuels and oilseed growersNNFCC
This presentation was given by NNFCC’s Policy and Strategy Manager David Turley at the United Oilseeds and HGCA oilseeds update meeting in February 2013.
This document discusses biomass cooking stoves and biomass pellets. It summarizes that biomass resources have been widely used for cooking and heating since ancient times. Improved biomass cook stoves can yield reduced combustion product concentration and faster cooking, resulting in better energy efficiency. The production of biomass pellets involves grinding biomass, compressing it under heat and pressure to form pellets, then cooling and drying the pellets before storage. Europe is a large producer and consumer of biomass pellets, importing most of its pellets from North America.
1. Pyro-gasification and anaerobic digestion (AD) both involve the chemical breakdown of organic matter into simpler molecules like gases. Pyro-gasification uses heat to break bonds while AD uses water, bacteria, and enzymes at lower temperatures. Both processes yield similar basic gases but pyro-gasification works better with dry waste while AD needs water. Pre-treatment like crushing and sieving is important for both.
2. Heating values of gases from both processes can be increased through CO2 scrubbing for more efficient combustion. The scrubbed gases are then burned in a combined cycle gas turbine, which can achieve up to 60% efficiency.
3. While biowaste has the potential to
This document discusses biomass as an energy source. It defines biomass as material derived from plant and animal sources. It notes that forestry, agriculture, and waste are major biomass sources. Globally, biomass contributes 14% of the world's energy. In many developing countries, biomass provides over 90% of energy, while in India it provides around 27% of primary energy. The document discusses various biomass energy technologies and provides criteria for selecting suitable tree species for energy plantations, including rapid growth, high calorific wood, and multipurpose uses. It also summarizes information on biomass resources and potential in India from chapters 12-15 of a reference book from The Energy and Resources Institute.
This document analyzes the energy usage and CO2 emissions from greenhouse cucumber production in Iran. It finds that total energy input is 163,994 MJ/ha, with 94% from non-renewable sources like diesel fuel (45% of total) and fertilizers. CO2 emissions total 6.8 tons/ha, with diesel fuel responsible for the highest share. The energy efficiency ratio is low at 0.38 and net energy negative, indicating energy is being lost. The study concludes Iranian policy should promote more sustainable energy sources like solar to reduce fossil fuel dependency for greenhouse heating and operations.
The EUBIONET III project aimed to boost sustainable international biomass fuel trade and cost-efficient biomass use for energy and industry. It analyzed biomass resources, trade barriers, sustainability standards, and new biomass applications. The project partners were research institutions from across Europe that studied topics like biomass potential, price mechanisms, competition with forest industries, and case studies of biomass heating. It concluded a European certification system for biomass could increase credibility and stimulate discussion on sustainability criteria, though standards must consider variations in feedstocks, production processes, and end-uses.
The document discusses forest cover in India, China, and Canada. It provides statistics on India's total forest cover of 678,333 sq km, which is 20.64% of India's geographic area. The policies aim to increase forest cover in India to 33% of the land area. China's forest cover increased to 21.63% by the end of 2013, up from 19% five years prior. China aims to reach 23% forest cover by 2020. Canada maintains 34% forest cover, containing 10% of the world's forests across 348 million hectares. The policies and programs in each country aim to promote sustainable forest management and conservation.
IRJET - Evaluation of Biogas Production from Fishwaste with Three Other Co-Di...IRJET Journal
This document evaluates biogas production from fish waste using different co-digesters, including baggase, paper waste, and dry leaves. An experiment was conducted with three containers of fish waste mixed in equal proportion with cow dung and one of the three co-digesters. The results found that paper waste produced the maximum biogas yield of 188 ml/kg. Further experiments determined that a mixture of 8kg fish waste, 2kg paper waste, and 2kg cow dung produced the highest yield of 286 ml/kg. The study concludes that paper waste is the most effective co-digester for maximizing biogas production from fish waste.
The document summarizes the key points from Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy's presentation on sustainable energy utilization at SANGAM 2008 in Bangalore. It discusses India's current energy usage patterns and reliance on biomass in rural areas. It also outlines the potential for renewable sources like solar and wind in India given the country's suitable resources and growing energy demand. Specific strategies are proposed for non-governmental organizations to promote renewable energy adoption through community-level assessments, training, and demonstration projects.
Dr. Navin Sharma is Biofuel Programme Manager with the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) based in India. He holds a Ph D in Applied Biology from the University of Cambridge and has carried out his Postdoctoral work at the University of York. Navin has over 23 years of experience in industrial R&D working with two major FMCG companies: Unilever and ITC. He is currently leading a biofuels initiative being implemented in South Asia, Latin America and Africa. http://www.worldagroforestry.org/cop12
This document provides an overview of biofuels and their impacts. It summarizes that increased European demand for biofuels under the Renewable Energy Directive has led to increased global production, triggering agricultural expansion and deforestation. This indirect land use change contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, often making biofuels worse for the climate than fossil fuels. The document also notes that European biofuels policy has increased global food prices by displacing food production to new lands.
Production of syngas from agricultural residue as a renewable fuel and its su...Jatinderpal Singh gill
In the present era, the world is in a difficult position as the prime problems, like
continuous depletion of nonrenewable energy resources at a brisk rate and
environment pollution due to emission of greenhouse gases which are
released on burning fossil fuels, are worsening day by day. Due to this, the
interest of the researchers is shifting toward the idea of alternative fuels
derived from biomasses, which are renewable in nature and eco-friendly in
contrast to the conventional fossil fuels, to reduce the dependence on exhausting nonrenewable energy sources. In the present study, agricultural residues
like cotton stalks and wheat straws are processed in a downdraft gasifier to
produce syngas through biomass gasification. The produced syngas is further
inducted in a gasifier-coupled dual-fuel compression ignition (DFCI) engine to
investigate the performance, emission, and noise characteristics of the dual
fuel engine to compare the standard diesel operation and syngas-diesel dual
fuel operation. The results during the investigation concluded that Dual Fuel
Compression Ignition (DFCI) engine works satisfactorily in dual fuel mode of
syngas-diesel. Moreover, a maximum 44.44% of reduction in diesel consumption is observed with a slight decrease in indicated power by 3.49% at the
maximum loading condition. In addition to the reduction in diesel consumption, the emission of nitrogen oxide was reduced by maximum of 76.74% in
dual fuel mode as compared to standard diesel operation.
The Growing Importance of Biomass in Biodiesel Production QZ1
This document discusses biomass as an energy source and focuses on biodiesel production from algae. It provides background on biomass energy and discusses some challenges with traditional biomass usage. The objectives are outlined as moving to modern biomass energy technologies to provide a renewable and sustainable fuel source. Details are given on biodiesel production processes from algae and some potential advantages are noted, such as high oil yield per acre compared to other crops. Methods for algae cultivation and oil extraction are summarized. The conclusion states that algae show potential as a bioenergy source due to using carbon dioxide and sunlight to produce biomass.
IRJET- Green Energy Recovery for Sustainable DevelopmentIRJET Journal
This document discusses green energy recovery from waste for sustainable development. It describes how waste can be used to generate green energy through various thermo-chemical and bio-chemical conversion processes like combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, and ethanol fermentation. These conversion processes transform biomass and organic waste into useful forms of energy like electricity, heat, biofuels and prevent waste from occupying landfills. The document also outlines different biomass resources that can be used, including agricultural/forest residues, energy crops, urban/municipal waste, and aquatic plants. Overall, green energy recovery from waste has benefits like reducing dependence on fossil fuels, producing renewable energy, and enabling more sustainable waste management.
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF BRIQUETTING MOLDEkwueme Henry
A project on biomass briquetting mold for conversion of biomass waste to briquetting.
Biomass briquettes are cooking fuels form from biomass for the reduction of the use of firewood in rural area mostly.
IRJET- Enhancement of Biogas Production by Co-Digestion of Fruit and Vegetabl...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on enhancing biogas production through co-digestion of fruit and vegetable waste with cow dung. Four mixtures of fruit, vegetable, and cow waste were prepared in different ratios and subjected to anaerobic digestion. The biogas production from each mixture was measured and modeled using logistic and modified Gompertz kinetic models. The results showed that a ratio of 0.5 parts fruit waste, 1.5 parts vegetable waste, and 1 part cow waste produced the highest amount of biogas and fit best to the modified Gompertz model. Characterization of the waste mixtures found total solid and volatile solid contents ranged from 74-75% with C/N ratios between 5-9.
This document discusses converting cow dung into methanol through a two-step process of anaerobic digestion followed by acid treatment. The quantities and qualities of methane gas and methanol produced depend on factors like slurry concentration and temperature. Gas chromatography analysis found the biogas contained 57.23% methane. Refining the biogas enhanced the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, making the organic components more available for the acid reaction. Spectroscopic analysis indicated methanol was formed, with a purity of 92.5%. The process also generates fertilizer from the leftover sludge.
GHG emissions in an intensive agriculture scenario 2.0Ramanjaneyulu GV
GHG emissions from intensive agriculture in India are significant. The intensive agriculture model relies on heavy use of external inputs like chemical fertilizers and is linear rather than cyclical. Chemical fertilizer production and use, including urea, accounts for nearly 100 million tons of CO2-eq emissions annually in India or around 6% of total emissions. Methane emissions from rice cultivation, livestock, and large dams also contribute substantially to India's GHG emissions. Burning of rice and wheat straw releases millions of tons of pollutants and lost nutrients annually. Climate change will negatively impact agriculture through rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and more frequent extreme weather. Sustainable agricultural models that are less input-intensive and align more with natural
Biomass from sources like trees, crops, and waste can be used for energy through technologies like thermo and bio conversion. India aims to promote bioenergy to meet sustainability goals and increase energy security by reducing oil imports. Key challenges include overcoming economic, social, and technical barriers to increase adoption of bioenergy technologies on a larger scale. Developing reliable biomass supply and providing cost competitive energy services will be important for the growth of the bioenergy sector in India.
Modeling and analysis of control circuit for biogas electrification technologyeSAT Journals
Abstract For sustainable development, balanced energy portfolio is required that is suited to the economic, social, environment and resource conditions of a specific region or the whole world. Energy resources are fossil fuels, nuclear sources and renewable resources. Conventional energy resources are limited as well as they are subjected to pollution due to combustion and chemical processes. Biogas, one of the renewable resources, is produced from various biomass sources through biochemical process. Electricity and heat can be produced from it with minor clean up. Bangladesh has a plenty biomass resources which can play an important role for country’s development. For electricity generation, control circuit is needed to have desired and controlled output. This paper addresses on biogas, its biochemical processes and electricity generation process from biogas. It also shows the potential and prospects of biogas electrification technology for rural Bangladesh. Paper explore mathematical model and explain actions of control circuits those are connected to the generator though simulation. Key Words: Renewable energy; Biogas; Biochemical process; Electricity generation; Potentials; Mathematical model; Control circuit; DC converter.
Boom or bust – the future prospects for biofuels and oilseed growersNNFCC
This presentation was given by NNFCC’s Policy and Strategy Manager David Turley at the United Oilseeds and HGCA oilseeds update meeting in February 2013.
This document discusses biomass cooking stoves and biomass pellets. It summarizes that biomass resources have been widely used for cooking and heating since ancient times. Improved biomass cook stoves can yield reduced combustion product concentration and faster cooking, resulting in better energy efficiency. The production of biomass pellets involves grinding biomass, compressing it under heat and pressure to form pellets, then cooling and drying the pellets before storage. Europe is a large producer and consumer of biomass pellets, importing most of its pellets from North America.
1. Pyro-gasification and anaerobic digestion (AD) both involve the chemical breakdown of organic matter into simpler molecules like gases. Pyro-gasification uses heat to break bonds while AD uses water, bacteria, and enzymes at lower temperatures. Both processes yield similar basic gases but pyro-gasification works better with dry waste while AD needs water. Pre-treatment like crushing and sieving is important for both.
2. Heating values of gases from both processes can be increased through CO2 scrubbing for more efficient combustion. The scrubbed gases are then burned in a combined cycle gas turbine, which can achieve up to 60% efficiency.
3. While biowaste has the potential to
This document discusses biomass as an energy source. It defines biomass as material derived from plant and animal sources. It notes that forestry, agriculture, and waste are major biomass sources. Globally, biomass contributes 14% of the world's energy. In many developing countries, biomass provides over 90% of energy, while in India it provides around 27% of primary energy. The document discusses various biomass energy technologies and provides criteria for selecting suitable tree species for energy plantations, including rapid growth, high calorific wood, and multipurpose uses. It also summarizes information on biomass resources and potential in India from chapters 12-15 of a reference book from The Energy and Resources Institute.
This document analyzes the energy usage and CO2 emissions from greenhouse cucumber production in Iran. It finds that total energy input is 163,994 MJ/ha, with 94% from non-renewable sources like diesel fuel (45% of total) and fertilizers. CO2 emissions total 6.8 tons/ha, with diesel fuel responsible for the highest share. The energy efficiency ratio is low at 0.38 and net energy negative, indicating energy is being lost. The study concludes Iranian policy should promote more sustainable energy sources like solar to reduce fossil fuel dependency for greenhouse heating and operations.
The EUBIONET III project aimed to boost sustainable international biomass fuel trade and cost-efficient biomass use for energy and industry. It analyzed biomass resources, trade barriers, sustainability standards, and new biomass applications. The project partners were research institutions from across Europe that studied topics like biomass potential, price mechanisms, competition with forest industries, and case studies of biomass heating. It concluded a European certification system for biomass could increase credibility and stimulate discussion on sustainability criteria, though standards must consider variations in feedstocks, production processes, and end-uses.
The document discusses forest cover in India, China, and Canada. It provides statistics on India's total forest cover of 678,333 sq km, which is 20.64% of India's geographic area. The policies aim to increase forest cover in India to 33% of the land area. China's forest cover increased to 21.63% by the end of 2013, up from 19% five years prior. China aims to reach 23% forest cover by 2020. Canada maintains 34% forest cover, containing 10% of the world's forests across 348 million hectares. The policies and programs in each country aim to promote sustainable forest management and conservation.
IRJET - Evaluation of Biogas Production from Fishwaste with Three Other Co-Di...IRJET Journal
This document evaluates biogas production from fish waste using different co-digesters, including baggase, paper waste, and dry leaves. An experiment was conducted with three containers of fish waste mixed in equal proportion with cow dung and one of the three co-digesters. The results found that paper waste produced the maximum biogas yield of 188 ml/kg. Further experiments determined that a mixture of 8kg fish waste, 2kg paper waste, and 2kg cow dung produced the highest yield of 286 ml/kg. The study concludes that paper waste is the most effective co-digester for maximizing biogas production from fish waste.
The document summarizes the key points from Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy's presentation on sustainable energy utilization at SANGAM 2008 in Bangalore. It discusses India's current energy usage patterns and reliance on biomass in rural areas. It also outlines the potential for renewable sources like solar and wind in India given the country's suitable resources and growing energy demand. Specific strategies are proposed for non-governmental organizations to promote renewable energy adoption through community-level assessments, training, and demonstration projects.
Dr. Navin Sharma is Biofuel Programme Manager with the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) based in India. He holds a Ph D in Applied Biology from the University of Cambridge and has carried out his Postdoctoral work at the University of York. Navin has over 23 years of experience in industrial R&D working with two major FMCG companies: Unilever and ITC. He is currently leading a biofuels initiative being implemented in South Asia, Latin America and Africa. http://www.worldagroforestry.org/cop12
This document provides an overview of biofuels and their impacts. It summarizes that increased European demand for biofuels under the Renewable Energy Directive has led to increased global production, triggering agricultural expansion and deforestation. This indirect land use change contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, often making biofuels worse for the climate than fossil fuels. The document also notes that European biofuels policy has increased global food prices by displacing food production to new lands.
Production of syngas from agricultural residue as a renewable fuel and its su...Jatinderpal Singh gill
In the present era, the world is in a difficult position as the prime problems, like
continuous depletion of nonrenewable energy resources at a brisk rate and
environment pollution due to emission of greenhouse gases which are
released on burning fossil fuels, are worsening day by day. Due to this, the
interest of the researchers is shifting toward the idea of alternative fuels
derived from biomasses, which are renewable in nature and eco-friendly in
contrast to the conventional fossil fuels, to reduce the dependence on exhausting nonrenewable energy sources. In the present study, agricultural residues
like cotton stalks and wheat straws are processed in a downdraft gasifier to
produce syngas through biomass gasification. The produced syngas is further
inducted in a gasifier-coupled dual-fuel compression ignition (DFCI) engine to
investigate the performance, emission, and noise characteristics of the dual
fuel engine to compare the standard diesel operation and syngas-diesel dual
fuel operation. The results during the investigation concluded that Dual Fuel
Compression Ignition (DFCI) engine works satisfactorily in dual fuel mode of
syngas-diesel. Moreover, a maximum 44.44% of reduction in diesel consumption is observed with a slight decrease in indicated power by 3.49% at the
maximum loading condition. In addition to the reduction in diesel consumption, the emission of nitrogen oxide was reduced by maximum of 76.74% in
dual fuel mode as compared to standard diesel operation.
The Growing Importance of Biomass in Biodiesel Production QZ1
This document discusses biomass as an energy source and focuses on biodiesel production from algae. It provides background on biomass energy and discusses some challenges with traditional biomass usage. The objectives are outlined as moving to modern biomass energy technologies to provide a renewable and sustainable fuel source. Details are given on biodiesel production processes from algae and some potential advantages are noted, such as high oil yield per acre compared to other crops. Methods for algae cultivation and oil extraction are summarized. The conclusion states that algae show potential as a bioenergy source due to using carbon dioxide and sunlight to produce biomass.
IRJET- Green Energy Recovery for Sustainable DevelopmentIRJET Journal
This document discusses green energy recovery from waste for sustainable development. It describes how waste can be used to generate green energy through various thermo-chemical and bio-chemical conversion processes like combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, and ethanol fermentation. These conversion processes transform biomass and organic waste into useful forms of energy like electricity, heat, biofuels and prevent waste from occupying landfills. The document also outlines different biomass resources that can be used, including agricultural/forest residues, energy crops, urban/municipal waste, and aquatic plants. Overall, green energy recovery from waste has benefits like reducing dependence on fossil fuels, producing renewable energy, and enabling more sustainable waste management.
This document discusses producing biogas energy from different waste sources and creating awareness among humans. It describes several types of waste that can be used to produce biogas through anaerobic digestion, including municipal solid waste, agricultural waste, industrial waste, household waste, hazardous waste, hospital waste, and kitchen waste. It then explains the biogas production process, which involves three stages: hydrolysis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis. Finally, it discusses a fixed dome type biogas plant as an economical and easy to construct option for converting waste into biogas as a renewable energy source, especially in rural areas.
To make a biogas energy from different sources & creating awareness between h...IJMER
Biogas from biomass appears as an alternative source of energy, which is potentially enriched in biomass resources. This article gives an overview of present and future use of biomass as an industrial feedstock for production of fuels, chemicals and other materials. However, to be truly competitive in an open market situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that biogas technology must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, but especially in remote rural areas. Different types of wastes are used for production of biogas .these wastes are found very easy and an every palace. This article helps to make biogas form different wastes. From this study, it can be concluded that this method not only contributed to renewable biogas production but also improved the effluent quality
Utilization of Food Waste to Produce BiodieselIRJET Journal
This document discusses utilizing food waste to produce biodiesel. Food waste was collected from a university campus and analyzed. It had moisture contents ranging from 5.2-7.2% depending on drying method. Lipid extraction yielded 15.8% lipids. Gas chromatography identified various fatty acids present including lauric, mystric, palmitic, stearic and oleic acids, indicating potential for biodiesel production. Transesterification of the lipids produced 31.9% biodiesel. Testing found the biodiesel met various standards for density, viscosity and other properties, suggesting food waste is a viable feedstock for biodiesel production.
This document summarizes a literature review of biomass resources and bio-fuels industries in India. It begins by providing background on biomass energy use in India, noting that biomass meets the cooking energy needs of most rural households and 50% of urban households. It then reviews estimates of biomass consumption and supply in India. Next, it discusses the status of biomass technologies in India, including traditional biomass use, bagasse-based cogeneration, biomass gasifiers, and megawatt-scale grid-connected power generation. It concludes by reviewing India's biofuels industries, including the development of jatropha plantations and barriers to implementing biodiesel programs.
IRJET- Design of Biogas Plant for Food Waste and Evaluation of Biogas Generat...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that designed a biogas plant for food waste generated at a college in India and evaluated the efficiency of biogas production from various co-digester mixtures added to the food waste. The researchers conducted a survey that found the college generates an average of 100kg of food waste per day. They designed a fixed dome biogas plant based on this amount of waste with a gas production rate of 24 cubic meters per day. Experiments tested co-digesters of water hyacinth, algae, cow dung, and sugar cane added to food waste in a 1:1 ratio, finding water hyacinth improved overall biogas plant efficiency the most. The study concluded a biogas plant using a
DESIGN & FABRICATION OF SHREDDING CUM BRIQUETTING MACHINE REPORT Eshver chandra
The demand for energy is becoming a critical challenge for the world as the population continues to grow. This call for Sustainable energy production and supply such as renewable energy technologies. Renewable energy technologies are safe sources of energy that have a much lower environmental impact than conventional energy technologies. So shredding machine is a key to make briquettes which will be used in industries as well as domestic purpose.
This document summarizes a study on a biomethanation plant that converts vegetable waste into biogas. Some key points:
- The plant uses a BIMA digester to break down vegetable waste from markets into biogas through anaerobic digestion.
- The process involves shredding the waste, digestion in the BIMA digester to produce biogas, collection of biogas, power generation from the biogas, dewatering of the digested substrate, and odor control.
- The byproduct of digestion (biodigested slurry) is a valuable organic manure high in nutrients that can be used to enrich soils or as fertilizer.
IRJET- Design and Analysis of Biogas Digester: A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews key aspects of biogas production in industrial biogas plants. It discusses the biogas production process, requirements for organic matter, bacteria, anaerobic conditions, and heat. Biogas is a renewable energy source that can be used for electricity production, feeding into gas grids, and as a vehicle fuel. The economics of biogas plants are challenging, as initial investment costs are high and revenues from electricity sales alone often do not cover costs. However, revenues can be increased by utilizing excess heat and selling compost byproducts. While biogas is technically feasible, careful economic analysis is needed to ensure feasibility of individual plants.
IRJET- Energy Conservation and Generation through Biodegradable Solid Waste- ...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study on a compact biogas plant designed to treat organic solid waste. Key points:
- A biogas plant was installed using two connected water tanks to digest used tea powder from a canteen.
- The system effectively reduced waste volume and organic load while producing biogas.
- The digester performance and gas production were good, and operation/maintenance was easier than conventional plants.
- The system offers a decentralized organic waste treatment option that generates renewable energy and fertilizer.
This document provides an overview of anaerobic digesters and biogas production. It discusses the types of feedstock that can be used in anaerobic digesters including various organic wastes. The four main steps of the anaerobic digestion process are described as well as factors that influence biogas production. Four types of reactor designs - plug flow digester, complete mix digester, covered lagoon digester, and fixed film digester - are outlined with more detail provided on plug flow digester design including sizing calculations for a example plug flow digester.
IRJET- Production of Biogas by Biomethanation of OilcakeIRJET Journal
This document discusses the production of biogas through biomethanation of oilcake. It begins with an abstract that outlines how biomethanation can serve as an alternative waste-to-energy process. It then provides details on the materials, experimental setup, and factors that govern biogas production such as pH, C/N ratio, mixing, particle size, and nutrients. The document describes the three-stage biomethanation process and mechanisms involved. It also presents results on biogas production from different food to microbe ratios and performs a mass balance analysis based on volatile solids.
Generator Powered by Wood gas – An Alternative ApproachIRJET Journal
This document discusses an alternative approach to powering generators using wood gas instead of fossil fuels. Wood gasification is the process of converting solid biomass into a gaseous form that can be used as fuel. The document describes how biomass such as wood can be gasified in a gasifier to produce syngas consisting mainly of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and nitrogen, which can then power engines or generators. The gasification process and the components of a gasifier system are explained, including a cyclone filter to remove particles from the syngas, a gas cooler, fine filter, and blower. Wood gas is presented as a renewable alternative fuel that can replace gasoline or diesel in vehicles and generators.
METHODS OF INCREASING CALORIFIC VALUE OF BRIQUETTES USING BIOMASSIRJET Journal
The document discusses methods for increasing the calorific value of briquettes using biomass. It explores techniques like densification through pelletizing and briquetting, using additives like binders and fillers, and pre-treatment processes like torrefaction and carbonization. These methods can effectively increase the calorific value of briquettes by increasing biomass density, improving combustion properties, and removing moisture and increasing carbon content. The document also summarizes the briquetting process, potential technologies to further increase calorific value such as binder-less briquetting and torrefaction, and the scope for biomass briquettes in India given availability of resources and government
A review: Advantages and Disadvantages of BiogasIRJET Journal
This document reviews the advantages and disadvantages of biogas. It begins by defining biogas as a gaseous fuel produced through anaerobic digestion of organic material, whose primary component is methane. It then discusses several advantages of biogas including that it is a renewable energy source, is non-polluting, reduces landfills and greenhouse gases, requires cheaper technology, and creates jobs. The document also outlines some key disadvantages of biogas. Overall, the document provides a high-level overview of biogas production and its pros and cons.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Towards Bioethanol Production in Kenya – Enhanced Pretreatment of Prosopis Ju...IRJET Journal
1. The document discusses pretreatment of Prosopis Juliflora stem using ionic liquids to produce bioethanol in Kenya.
2. It analyzed pretreatment using three ionic liquids - [BMIM]Cl, [4MBP]Cl, and [P66614]Cl. Pretreatment increased glucose yield up to 18 times compared to untreated biomass.
3. [BMIM]Cl and [4MBP]Cl performed better than [P66614]Cl, yielding maximum glucose of 73.27% and 61.63% respectively after pretreatment. This indicates Prosopis Juliflora's potential as a non-food biomass for bioethanol production in Kenya
Statistical analysis of green energy power genartion using biogas methanation...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The paper promotes the inexperienced energy that is being worldwide supported by many countries. inexperienced energy is that
the type of energy obtained from non-exhaustible resources. Technologies that promote inexperienced energy embody renewable
energy sources, like electricity, alternative energy, wind energy, wave power, heat, bioenergy, periodic event power. The paper
has analyzed utilization of bovine dung and human manure waste for electricity generation through a varied case studies on biomethanation
station. There square measure or so twenty Million bovine and a couple of Million human population within the
within the single district of geographic area. Nearly five hundredth of bovine dung and human manure is being sold-out for
agricultural suggests that and also the remaining is drained off into a close-by drain. The drained off bovine dung and human
manure will be used for power generation supporting inexperienced energy while not touching nature and fewer carbon emission.
The paper has studied the political economy of power generation of Biogas methanation station and has found that it's profitable
to utilize the bovine dung and human manure for electricity generation, the capital investment depends on the capability of the
plant and payback amount being most four to six years. Besides electricity generation the plant additionally provides bio-manure.
It additionally checks pollution and emission of greenhouse gases. The study has urged that such plants ought to be established
not solely all told the districts of geographic area however additionally in whole country to assist in electricity generation. the
massive farmers ought to represent Non Govt. Organization (NGOs), Consultancy’s and aid cluster (SHG) to determine such
plants in their various areas. The central and regime provides the required steering and backing for the institution of such plants.
Key Words: Green energy, Bioenergy, Bio-methanation, Non Govt. Organization (NGOs), Self-Help Group (SHG) etc…
Sustainable Development of Bioenergy from Agriculture Residues and EnvironmentTriple A Research Journal
This communication discusses a comprehensive review of biomass energy
sources, environment and sustainable development. This includes all the
biomass energy technologies, energy efficiency systems, energy
conservation scenarios, energy savings and other mitigation measures
necessary to reduce emissions globally. The current literature is reviewed
regarding the ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts of biomass
technology. This study gives an overview of present and future use of
biomass as an industrial feedstock for production of fuels, chemicals and
other materials. However, to be truly competitive in an open market
situation, higher value products are required. Results suggest that
biomass technology must be encouraged, promoted, invested,
implemented, and demonstrated, but especially in remote rural areas.
Keywords: Biomass resources, wastes, woodfuel, biofuels, energy,
environment, sustainability related with bioenergy development, disperse
systems formulation science, surfactant sciences
Similar to Technologies Involved in Biomass to Energy Conversion and its Utilization in India (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia