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002 ADG I: Building Components and Materials
The document outlines the essentials of architectural drawing and graphic conventions, focusing on annotations, building components, and materials. It categorizes various building types based on usage and construction methods, as well as detailing fundamental building elements like foundations, walls, and roof structures. The goal is to establish standards in architectural communication to ensure clarity and completeness in drawings.
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002 ADG I: Building Components and Materials
- 1. Architectural Drawing and GraphicsI ADG I| 1201505 Building Components and Materials: Annotations and Conventions
- 2. Unit 2: Graphiclanguage and its Components Architectural annotations and conventions for representation of various; Building Materials and Building Components
- 3. Structure of thePresentation.. Definition: Annotations & Conventions Aim/Goal of the Presentation Building Types: As per Uses and type of Construction Components of a common Building: Detailed description of each component Material Conventions for depiction Plan, Elevation, Section in a drawing.
- 4. Language/Communication Annotations: Notation, Notes, comment, explanation, presentationalmarkup. A comment or instruction metadata attached to text, image, or other data. Often annotations refer to a specific part of the original data
- 5. Conventions: Patterns or Rules-Punctuation, Grammar, Usage, Formatting.. A way in which something is usually done. An Agreement Architectural Communication
- 6. AIM /Goal To realizethe Architectural Standards for denoting a perfect and complete drawing.. Types of Architectural Drawings: Illustration of an Idea Presentation Drawing Working Drawing Corporation Drawing (for Sanctioning)
- 7. Building Types/Uses As perNational Building Code, major building uses; Residential Building Educational Building Assembly Building Institutional Building Industrial Building Commercial Building Storage Building Infrastructure As per Construction type / materials, major building types; Solid or ‘traditional’ construction Structural steel frame construction Reinforced concrete construction Modular system construction Portal frame construction Composite construction
- 8. Components of aBuilding... Common Building Materials: Brick, Block, Stone, Concrete, Timber, Metal.. Other materials: Fibre, Plaster, Asbestos, Plywood, Block, Plastic..
- 9. Components of aBuilding... A Building can be broadly divided into two parts; Sub-structure (portion below ground, transmit load to ground) Super-structure (portion above Plinth level) Building components can be summarized as; • Foundations • Plinth • Walls • Columns & Beams • Floors • Doors & Windows (Openings) • Stairs & Lifts • Roof • Lintels and Arches • Building Finishes (Plastering, Pointing) • Building Services (Plumbing, Electrical, Water Supply, Sewerage, Utility..)
- 10. 1.Foundation Excavation, Foundation, Footing,Plinth, Column.. Foundation Types: Shallow and Deep.Section of a Foundation
- 11. 2. Plinth Dividingline between substructure and superstructure. Lowest part of Superstructure, above ground level. 30-75cm in height depending upon the locality/soil type. DPC provided at plinth level to prevent moisture from rising to the walls of building.
- 12. 3. Walls Amasonry structure provided above the Plinth. Two types: Load Bearing, Non-load bearing (Framed structure). Provided to enclose or divide the floor space in a pattern and provide privacy, security & protection. Load Bearing Brick WallColumn Beam Structure
- 13. 4. Columns andBeams A masonry structure provided above the Plinth. Two types: Load Bearing, Non-load bearing (Framed structure). Provided to enclose or divide the floor space in a pattern and provide privacy, security & protection. RCC Beam Structure RCC Column Wood Column
- 14. 5. Floors Flat supported elements, dividinga building into different levels.
- 15. 6. Openings: Doors A door may be defined as a barrier secured in an opening left in a wall to provide usual means to access to a building room or passage.
- 16. 7. Openings: Windows A window may be defined as an opening left in the wall for the purpose of providing daylight, ventilation and vision. Window Types
- 18. 8. Lintels &Arches Its over Doors and Windows in walls facility at safe transfer of loads to its supports.
- 19. 9. Stairs &Lifts A Stair may be defined as a structure comprising of a number of steps connecting one floor to another.
- 20. 10. Roof Itis an uppermost component of a building and its main function is to cover the space below and provide protection from sun, rain, snow, wind, etc.
- 21. 11. Building Finishes A Building is considered incomplete till such time the surface of its component is given appropriate treatment. It includes items like plastering, colour washing, pointing, painting, etc.
- 22. 12. Building Services It includes services like water supply, drainage, sanitation, lighting, electricity, acoustics, heating, ventilation, Fire control, etc.
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- 31. Two Storied FrameStructure.. Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan
- 32. Two Storied FrameStructure..
- 33. Questions? Thank youfor Listening…