Downloaded 335 times
Uploaded byakash kumar
foundation
This document discusses foundations for buildings. It defines a foundation as the lowest supporting layer that transfers structural loads safely into the ground. Foundations increase stability by taking the structure deep into the ground. They are generally made of materials like brick, stone, or concrete. Foundations are designed based on soil type, site conditions, construction type, and economic factors. Foundations are categorized as either shallow or deep. Shallow foundations include footings that support columns directly on soil, while deep foundations transfer loads through weak soil using piles. Common shallow footing types are isolated, combined, continuous, strap, grillage, and raft foundations.
More Related Content
foundation
- 1.
- 2. A foundation isthe lowest and supporting layer of a structure. A Foundation is that part of the structure which is in direct contact with the ground. Function of a foundation is to transfer the structural loads from a building safely into the ground.
- 3. It is increasesstability of structure by taking the structure deep into the ground. Foundation are generally built of Bricks, Stones, Concrete, Steel etc.
- 4.
- 5. Soil type Site condition(topography/slope, water content/flood plain) Type of construction. Economic and other constructional considerations. Type of building.
- 6. Foundations are generallydivided into two categories: shallow foundations and deep foundations. 1.SHALLOW FOUNDATION 2.DEEP FUNDATION
- 7. Most shallow foundationsare simple concrete footings. A column footing is a square block of concrete, with or without steel reinforcing. 1. WALL FOOTING 2. ISOLATED FOOTING 3. COMBINED FOOTING 4. SQUAR FOOTING 5. CIRCULER FOOTING 6. CONTINUOUS FOOTING 7. STRAP OR CANTILEVER FOOTINDG 8. GRILLAGE FOOTING 9. RAFT FOUNDATION
- 8. A deep foundationis used to transfer the load of a structure down through the upper weak layer of topsoil to the stronger layer of subsoil below These foundation carry load from a structure through weak compressible soil. PILE FOUNDATION
- 9. These footing canbe either simple or Stepped. Simple footing are used for light structures. PCC BAD SECTION
- 10. They can beused to supported individual columns. They can be either of stepped type. In case of heavy loaded columns, steel reinforcement is provided in both the direction in concrete bed.
- 11. PCC BED PCC BED PLAN PLAN ISOLATEDFOOTING PLAN
- 12.
- 13. A combined footingsupporting two or more columns in a row. The combined footing can be rectangular an shape if both the column carry equal loads or can be trapezoidal if there are space limitation and they carry unequal load. C O M B I N E D F O O T I N G
- 14.
- 18. In this typeof footing a single continuous R.C. slab is provided as foundation of two or more columns in a row.
- 19. Strap footing consistsof two or more individual footing connected by a beam called a strap.
- 20.
- 21. This type offoundation is used to transmit heavy load from steel columns to the soil having bearing power. Grillage footing is made up rolled steel joist known as grillage beams provided in single or double tier. This type of arrangement avoid deep excavation and provides necessary area.
- 22.
- 23. A raft orMat is a combined footing that covers the entire area beneath a structure and supports all the columns. Raft foundation consists of thick reinforced concrete slab covering the entire area of bottom of structure like a floor.
- 24.
- 25.
- 26. The pile foundationis a construction supported on piles. Pile foundation may be defined as a column support type of foundation which may be cast or precast. GL
- 27. Pile material Steel; H-piles, Steel pipe Concrete; Site cast or Precast Wood; Timber Composite
- 29. BUILDING CONSTRUCTIN TEXTBOOK- SP BINDRA BUILDING CONSTRUCTION TEXT BOOK- BC PUNIA www.thecostructioncivil.org