The document outlines the key components of a building, including: - The substructure (foundation and footings), superstructure (framed structures using reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete), walls, doors/windows, and finishing works. - Building services such as electrical works, plumbing, firefighting systems, air conditioning and ventilation, and lifts. - Other services like building management systems, security, and public address systems.

1. Components of a building : Civil Works

2. Foundation (Substructure)
Pile foundation

3. FOOTING

4. Plinth
Dividing line between the substructure and
superstructure

5. FRAMED STRUCTURE (Superstructure)
RCC (Reinforced
Cement Concrete)
Structures

6. Prestressed Concrete Structures
Suitable for high rise buildings- longer spans, thinner slabs, lesser joints
Steel cables laid along with reinforcement
Hydraulic jack machine
for tensioning cables

7. Stairs and Lifts

8. WALLS

9. Doors / Windows
Fire Resistant
Lintel to support door frame

10. Building finishing works
Plastering
Painting
Glass / Cladding (facade)
Interior finishing
Tiling / Granite
Driveway / Pavements / Landscape/
Compound walls/ Gates

11. Building services
Electrical works
-Conduit (concealed / open) & Wiring
-Cable Tray / Cable laying
-Transformer / Electrical Panel / Diesel
generators (Cooling tower) /Distribution board /
UPS
-Earthing / Lightning protection
-Light fixtures / Power sockets

13. Building services
Plumbing services
-Pipe laying (Water / sewage)
-Pumps / Tanks
-Sewage treatment plants
-Sanitary fittings

15. Building services
Fire fighting system
-Pipe laying
-Pumps
-Sprinkler system
-Automatic fire detection system (fire alarm system)
-Pipe laying, cable laying, detectors, hooters…

16. Fire fighting system
Smoke detectors
Sprinkler systems

17. Building services
Air conditioning /ventilation
-duct laying
-AHU (Air handling units), chillers and pipes,
sensors, Acoustic Insulation
-Exhaust fans
Lift

18. AHU HVAC DUCT
CHILLER UNIT

19. Lift Installation
Lift machine room
Lift shaft
Control mechanism
Safety features

20. Other services
• BMS (Building Management System)
• Access control
Security
• CCTV Cameras
• PA (Public address / BGM (Back ground music
system/ETBS (Emergency talk back system)

21. Building Management System
Sensors
Instrumentation

22. Boom barrier Door access control