Elements of Building/home Built Environment

1. DEPARTMENT OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Elements of the Built Environment
Building /Home
Mr. Ramprasad Kumawat
M.Tech

2. Elements of Built Environment:
• a) Homes, Offices and Commercial Buildings,
Parks and Recreation Centers
(Civil Engineering is the basis for developing the
built-environment)
• b) Transportation systems consisting of roads,
railway tracks, culverts, and Airport runways

3. • c) Water resources and water systems
• d) Infrastructure mainly consisting of
buildings, bridges, Tunnels, dams, canals,
sewer systems
• e) Ground support systems

4. Elements of the built environment
• The term ‘built environment’ refers to aspects
of our surroundings that are built by humans.
• It includes not only buildings, but the human-
made spaces between buildings.
• Such as parks, and the infrastructure that
supports human activity
• Such
as transportation networks, utilities networks,
flood defenses, telecommunications and so on.

5. Elements of a Building
• The following are the basic elements of a
building:
(i) Foundation (ii) Plinth
• (iii) Walls (iv)Columns
• (v) Floors (vi)Doors, Windows and
Ventilators
• (vii) Stairs (viii) Roofs
• (ix)Building Finishes (x) Building Services

7. • 1. Foundation:-The part of the building,
which is usually below the ground and
transfers the load of the building to the subsoil
is known as foundation of the building.
• 2. Plinth
• The portion of the building between the
surface level of the ground floor is known as
plinth.

8. • 3. Walls: The main function of the walls is to
enclose and divide the space into various
rooms and compartments as per the
requirements of the building.
• 4.Columns:The columns are the building
components which transfer the load of the
building parts above to it to the plinth and
foundation.
• These are usually provided to take the loads of
the beams roofs etc.

9. • 5. Floors
• Floors are the components of a building over
which occupants of the building live, move
and keep their dwelling material as per their
desire.
• The floor just above the ground is knows as
ground floor.
• The upper floors above the ground floor are
known as first floor, second floor, third floor
etc.

10. • 6. Doors, Windows and Ventilators
• These are components provided in the wall for
various purposes.
• Doors serve as a connecting link between the
internal rooms and also serve as a means for the
movements from inside to outside the building.
• Windows are provided for the purpose of light
and air inside the buildings.
• Ventilators are usually meant for taking out foul
or hot air from the building. Properly ventilated
building are more cool and comfortable.

11. • 7. Stairs
• A stair may be defined as a structure
comprising of a number of steps connecting
one floor to another.
• The stair must be constructed in such a manner
that it should be so located as to permit easy
communication.

12. • 8. Roofs
• The roof is the upper most horizontal or
inclined part of a building.
• The main function being to cover the rooms or
enclosures made by walls and to protect it
from sun, rain, snow, wind etc.

13. • 9. Building Finishes
• Building finishes include items like
• Plastering, Pointing white/color washing,
• Painting, varnishing, distempering, etc.
• The building finishes not only prefect the
surface from adverse effects of weather but
also provide decorative effect.

14. • 10. Building Service
• Building service include,
• services likes water supply,
• Drainage, Sanitation,
• Electricity, Acoustics,
• Heating, Ventilation,
• Air conditioning, Fire control,
• Room coolers etc.

15. • THANKS!