This document discusses techniques to enhance security in FPGA-based systems. It begins by describing the basic architecture of FPGAs, including their programmable logic blocks and interconnects. It then discusses the main security concern with FPGAs, which is the copying or cloning of the configuration bitstream. Several threat and defense models are proposed to address this issue. Finally, a new technique is proposed to enhance the security of FPGA-based systems against bitstream cloning attacks.
FPGA stands for field programmable gate array. FPGAs contain configurable logic blocks that can be connected through connection bars and modified for various applications. FPGAs have different features than ASICs and can be specified using HDL scripts similarly to ASICs. FPGAs provide advantages over ASICs such as shorter design time and lower costs.
The document describes the Xilinx Virtex 7 FPGA. It discusses the FPGA's key capabilities including its high logic density enabled by stacked silicon interconnect technology, which allows multiple FPGA dies on a single interposer. This provides high bandwidth connectivity between super logic regions with low latency and power consumption. The Virtex 7 FPGA addresses market needs for lower power consumption and higher performance. It offers benefits over ASICs such as rapid prototyping and reprogrammability. Applications include ASIC prototyping, communication systems, and high performance computing.
Mark Zuckerberg has funded a project called Aquila, which is an unmanned solar-powered airplane that can stay in the air for months at a time. Its purpose is to beam internet connectivity from the sky. It has the wingspan of a Boeing 737 but weighs less than a car. Embedded blocks such as memory, processors and DSP units are commonly used in FPGAs to improve performance, power efficiency and resource utilization for the target application. However, unused blocks result in silicon waste.
This document provides an overview of FPGA technology. It describes that an FPGA is a field programmable gate array that can be reprogrammed after manufacturing. The core components of an FPGA include look-up tables, flip-flops, multiplexors, I/O blocks, programmable interconnects, and SRAM memory cells. FPGAs offer advantages over ASICs like quick time to market and reprogrammability. Major FPGA manufacturers like Xilinx and Altera integrate additional components into their devices like RAM blocks, DSP blocks, and embedded processor cores.
The document discusses the architecture and programming of CPLDs and FPGAs. CPLDs and FPGAs are types of programmable logic devices (PLDs) that can implement complex digital logic functions. CPLDs contain logic blocks that can be programmed, while FPGAs contain an array of configurable logic blocks and interconnects. The document describes the components and programming of PLDs like PLA and PAL, as well as the logic cells and interconnects that make up CPLDs and FPGAs.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Traditional vs. SoC FPGA Design Flow A Video Pipeline Case StudyAltera Corporation
This presentation compares the impact of traditional FPGA engineering design flow to one employed with an SoC FPGA. The two approaches will be contrasted in terms of their impacts on system architecture design, debugging, risk mitigation, system integration, bring-up, feature enhancements, design obsolescence, and engineering effort. A case study is presented that explores these impacts within a video pipeline development effort.
Adv. FPGA Motor Control--EBV & Univ. of Koln: Embedded World 2010Altera Corporation
This document discusses using FPGAs for advanced motor control. It describes how FPGAs can reduce components, increase performance and flexibility compared to traditional motor control systems. Specifically, it discusses implementing motor interfaces, fieldbus communication, current measurement, and encoder feedback using programmable logic and IP cores in an FPGA. The document presents a 3-layer model of an FPGA-based motor control system including software, programmable logic/IP cores, and special hardware layers.
FPGA stands for field programmable gate array. FPGAs contain configurable logic blocks that can be connected through connection bars and modified for various applications. FPGAs have different features than ASICs and can be specified using HDL scripts similarly to ASICs. FPGAs provide advantages over ASICs such as shorter design time and lower costs.
The document describes the Xilinx Virtex 7 FPGA. It discusses the FPGA's key capabilities including its high logic density enabled by stacked silicon interconnect technology, which allows multiple FPGA dies on a single interposer. This provides high bandwidth connectivity between super logic regions with low latency and power consumption. The Virtex 7 FPGA addresses market needs for lower power consumption and higher performance. It offers benefits over ASICs such as rapid prototyping and reprogrammability. Applications include ASIC prototyping, communication systems, and high performance computing.
Mark Zuckerberg has funded a project called Aquila, which is an unmanned solar-powered airplane that can stay in the air for months at a time. Its purpose is to beam internet connectivity from the sky. It has the wingspan of a Boeing 737 but weighs less than a car. Embedded blocks such as memory, processors and DSP units are commonly used in FPGAs to improve performance, power efficiency and resource utilization for the target application. However, unused blocks result in silicon waste.
This document provides an overview of FPGA technology. It describes that an FPGA is a field programmable gate array that can be reprogrammed after manufacturing. The core components of an FPGA include look-up tables, flip-flops, multiplexors, I/O blocks, programmable interconnects, and SRAM memory cells. FPGAs offer advantages over ASICs like quick time to market and reprogrammability. Major FPGA manufacturers like Xilinx and Altera integrate additional components into their devices like RAM blocks, DSP blocks, and embedded processor cores.
The document discusses the architecture and programming of CPLDs and FPGAs. CPLDs and FPGAs are types of programmable logic devices (PLDs) that can implement complex digital logic functions. CPLDs contain logic blocks that can be programmed, while FPGAs contain an array of configurable logic blocks and interconnects. The document describes the components and programming of PLDs like PLA and PAL, as well as the logic cells and interconnects that make up CPLDs and FPGAs.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
Traditional vs. SoC FPGA Design Flow A Video Pipeline Case StudyAltera Corporation
This presentation compares the impact of traditional FPGA engineering design flow to one employed with an SoC FPGA. The two approaches will be contrasted in terms of their impacts on system architecture design, debugging, risk mitigation, system integration, bring-up, feature enhancements, design obsolescence, and engineering effort. A case study is presented that explores these impacts within a video pipeline development effort.
Adv. FPGA Motor Control--EBV & Univ. of Koln: Embedded World 2010Altera Corporation
This document discusses using FPGAs for advanced motor control. It describes how FPGAs can reduce components, increase performance and flexibility compared to traditional motor control systems. Specifically, it discusses implementing motor interfaces, fieldbus communication, current measurement, and encoder feedback using programmable logic and IP cores in an FPGA. The document presents a 3-layer model of an FPGA-based motor control system including software, programmable logic/IP cores, and special hardware layers.
This document describes the development of an FPGA-based embedded web server using a soft-core Microblaze processor. A Microblaze soft processor and supporting IP cores are implemented on a Spartan 3AN FPGA to provide the embedded web server functionality. The web server allows remote monitoring and control of the FPGA board via a web browser using HTTP. It has low resource usage and provides features like file serving, IO control, and interfacing with other processors. Performance is improved by enabling the barrel shifter and caching. The embedded web server was tested successfully between a web client and the FPGA board.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Implementation of Soft-core processor on FPGA (Final Presentation)Deepak Kumar
Implementation of Soft-core processor(PicoBlaze) on FPGA using Xilinx.
Establishing communication between two PicoBlaze processors.
Creating an application using the multi-core processor.
A PIC compatible RISC CPU core Implementation for FPGA based Configurable SOC...IDES Editor
Modern embedded systems are built around the soft
core processors implemented on FPGA. The FPGAs being
capable of implementing custom hardware blocks giving the
advantage of ASICs, and allowing the implementation of
processor platform are resulting in powerful Configurablesystem
on chip(C-SoC)platforms. The Microchip’s PIC
microcontroller is very widely used microcontroller
architecture across various embedded systems. The
implementation of such core on FPGA is very much useful in
CSOC based embedded systems. This type of designs can be
widely used in those controlling fields demanding low power
consumption and high ratio of performance to price. In this
project a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) CPU IP
core whose instructions are compatible with the Microchip
PIC16C6Xseries of microcontrollers is implemented in VHDL.
The core is based on 8-bit RISC architecture and top-Down
design methodology is used in developing the core. The RISC
CPU core is based on Harvard architecture with 14-bit
instruction length and 8-bit data length and two-stage
instruction pipeline. The architecture will be designed aiming
at single cycle execution of the instructions, except those
related to program branches. Since this type of CPU based on
RISC architecture, there are only 35 reduced instructions in
its instruction set, which are easy to be learned and used. The
performance of the 8-bit RISC CPU is better than those of
CPUs which are based on CISC architecture. Modelsim Xilinx
Edition (MXE) will be used simulation and functional
verification. The Xilinx Spartan-3E FPGAs will be used
synthesis and timing analysis. The results will be verified on
chip with chipscope tool.
Eric Theis has extensive experience as a senior software and firmware engineer, with skills in areas such as project management, requirements analysis, design, software engineering, integration and testing. He has worked on complex embedded systems for applications such as medical devices, wireless networking, video conferencing, smartphones and aerospace.
This document discusses configurable logic devices (CLDs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). It describes the structure of a CPLD as consisting of logic blocks with macrocells and programmable interconnects. An FPGA consists of an array of configurable logic blocks surrounded by programmable I/O blocks and connected with programmable interconnects. The document provides details on the architecture and components of Xilinx XC9500 CPLDs and the configuration of logic blocks, look-up tables, flip-flops, and programmable interconnects in FPGAs.
The document discusses three types of programmable logic devices (FPLDs): simple PLDs (SPLDs), complex PLDs (CPLDs), and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). SPLDs contain less than 1000 logic gates, CPLDs have higher logic capacity than SPLDs, and FPGAs have the highest logic capacity. CPLDs are composed of multiple SPLDs like PALs interconnected on a single chip, allowing for larger designs than SPLDs.
Jasmin Ibrahimovic is a senior design and verification consultant with over 20 years of experience in FPGA, SoC, and ASIC development. She specializes in hardware-assisted computing, interfaces, and microarchitectures. She has worked on mission-critical and carrier-class electronic products across various industries including computing, networking, wireless, and more. Her experience includes roles at Qualcomm, Chili.CHIPS, AMCC, Copper Mountain Networks, Nortel Networks, Gandalf Data, and Energoinvest/IRCA.
FROM FPGA TO ASIC IMPLEMENTATION OF AN OPENRISC BASED SOC FOR VOIP APPLICATIONieijjournal
ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) design verification takes as long as the designers take to describe, synthesis and implement the design. The hybrid approach, where the design is first prototyped on an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) platform for functional validation and then implemented as
an ASIC allows earlier defect detection in the design process and thus allows a significant time saving. This paper deals with a CMOS standard-cell ASIC implementation of a SoC (System on Chip) based on the OpenRISC processor for Voice over IP (VoIP) application; where a hybrid approach is adopted. The
architecture of the design is mainly based on the reuse of IPs cores described at the RTL level. This RTL code is technology-independent; hence the design can be ported easily from FPGA to ASIC. Results show that the SoC occupied the area of 2.64mm². Regarding the power consumption, RTL power estimation is given.
This document discusses Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), including their history, components, applications, and advantages. FPGAs allow logic functions to be programmed in the field after manufacturing and consist of configurable logic blocks, input/output blocks, and a routing matrix. They are used widely in embedded systems, consumer electronics, communications, and more due to their flexibility, short development times, and ability to be updated in the field. FPGAs provide advantages over traditional ICs like long-term availability, field updates/upgrades, extremely short time to market, and massively parallel processing capabilities.
- Ankit Sarin has over 7 years of experience in embedded firmware development, hardware design, and integration testing. He has worked on projects in various domains including industrial automation, SCADA, rail, oil and gas, and consumer products.
- His skills include embedded C/C++, assembly language, various protocols and interfaces. He has experience with development tools and environments on 8/16/32 bit platforms.
- His most recent role is as a senior software engineer at Larsen & Toubro where he works on firmware development for solar inverters and railway products. Previously he has worked on projects for Invensys, Cognizant, and Philips.
This document discusses FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), including their definition, technologies, families, and conclusion. An FPGA contains programmable logic blocks and interconnects that can be configured to perform different logic functions. The document outlines the main FPGA technologies, such as SRAM, EEPROM, and flash-based FPGAs. It concludes that FPGAs can be used to solve any computable problem by implementing a soft processor, and they are faster than ASICs for some applications due to their parallel nature.
System on a chip (SoC) integrates a complete electronic system into a single chip. It includes an embedded processor, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), analog circuits, and embedded memory. SoCs offer benefits like lower cost, power consumption, and size compared to discrete components. However, designing SoCs is challenging due to their complexity, which requires extensive verification of reusable intellectual property blocks. Major applications of SoCs include speech processing, image/video processing, and wireless communication technologies.
This document discusses key concerns and methods for designing high-reliability FPGA-based systems. It covers ensuring accurate design specifications, implementing built-in safety features like triple modular redundancy and safe finite state machines, evaluating and debugging designs at the register-transfer level using FPGA prototypes, and following reproducible, documented design processes. The goal is to address safety-critical applications' needs for mitigating radiation effects, requirements tracing, power reduction, and verification.
Design of LDPC Decoder Based On FPGA in Digital Image Watermarking TechnologyTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
LDPC code and digital image watermarking technology, which is an effective method of digital copyright protection and information security, has been widely used. But this is a multi-disciplinary, multi technology application scheme. In order to realize FPGA design of LDPC decoder in the application scheme, an effective implementation method of digital watermarking application system must be found. In this paper, MATLAB software and Qt development environment are combined to achieve the digital watermarking application software design. It could get real-time input data for the LDPC decoder. Then the hardware of the LDPC decoder is primarily implemented by FPGA in the digital image watermarking system. And the serial port is used to make the output data of the decoder back to computer for verification. Through the simulation results, the Modelsim time simulation diagram is given, and the watermark image compared with the original image is got. The results show that the resource usage of our system is few, and the decoding rate is fast. It has a certain practical value.
Netravati S. Kittur is seeking a challenging position applying her 2+ years experience in electrical industries including embedded C coding, designing numerical relays, RS232/RS485 communication, and testing. She has experience with PIC microcontrollers, IEC and MODBUS protocols, LCDs, transformers, and programming languages like C/C++. Notable projects include developing IEC 60870-5-103 protocol and numerical relays for over/under voltage protection. She holds a B.E. in Electronics and Communication with skills in areas like embedded systems, communication protocols, and IDEs like MPLAB.
This document provides a summary of Himabindu C's professional experience and qualifications. She has over 3 years of experience in VLSI design and verification using Verilog, VHDL and Python. Some of her projects include designing I2C and AXI blocks, implementing a subset of the I2C protocol, and developing a parallel sensor interface. She is proficient with EDA tools from Cadence, Xilinx and Synopsys and has experience verifying PCIe, AHB and memory controller designs. Himabindu holds a PG Diploma in VLSI Design and a BTech in ECE.
This document provides an overview of an ASIC/FPGA technology and design flow course. It discusses the course organization, material, schedule, and recommended literature. The course will cover FPGA and ASIC design flows, including Verilog, synthesis, simulation, and implementation. It will also discuss chip structures, technologies, applications and the semiconductor industry. Students will complete projects to design an FPGA peripheral and an ASIC, with design reviews to mimic industry practice. The goal is to prepare students for careers in chip design and verification.
This document compares the performance of three routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) - DSDV, AODV, and an ant colony optimization (ACO) based protocol. It presents the results of simulations run using the NS-2 network simulator. The simulations varied the number of nodes and compared the end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, and packet delivery fraction of the three protocols. The results showed that as network complexity increased with more nodes, the ACO based protocol performed better than AODV and DSDV in terms of lower delay and higher delivery rates, particularly for larger network sizes.
This document discusses using graphics processing units (GPUs) to perform approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) for parameter estimation of complex models. It describes how GPUs are well-suited for ABC due to their ability to perform linear computations on many threads in parallel. The document provides examples of applying ABC to GPUs for problems involving dynamical systems, network evolution models, and parameter estimation for protein interaction networks.
This document describes the design and implementation of an IEEE-754 floating point adder/subtractor. It presents the hardware architecture in a block diagram with 8 pipelined stages. The design takes two 64-bit IEEE-754 operands and performs decimal floating point addition or subtraction according to the specified standard. It first decodes the operands, equalizes the exponents, performs the addition or subtraction of the significands, and then rounds and normalizes the result while handling special cases such as overflow and underflow. The key stages include leading zero detection, shifting, control signal generation, decimal addition, post-correction, and rounding.
This document describes the development of an FPGA-based embedded web server using a soft-core Microblaze processor. A Microblaze soft processor and supporting IP cores are implemented on a Spartan 3AN FPGA to provide the embedded web server functionality. The web server allows remote monitoring and control of the FPGA board via a web browser using HTTP. It has low resource usage and provides features like file serving, IO control, and interfacing with other processors. Performance is improved by enabling the barrel shifter and caching. The embedded web server was tested successfully between a web client and the FPGA board.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Implementation of Soft-core processor on FPGA (Final Presentation)Deepak Kumar
Implementation of Soft-core processor(PicoBlaze) on FPGA using Xilinx.
Establishing communication between two PicoBlaze processors.
Creating an application using the multi-core processor.
A PIC compatible RISC CPU core Implementation for FPGA based Configurable SOC...IDES Editor
Modern embedded systems are built around the soft
core processors implemented on FPGA. The FPGAs being
capable of implementing custom hardware blocks giving the
advantage of ASICs, and allowing the implementation of
processor platform are resulting in powerful Configurablesystem
on chip(C-SoC)platforms. The Microchip’s PIC
microcontroller is very widely used microcontroller
architecture across various embedded systems. The
implementation of such core on FPGA is very much useful in
CSOC based embedded systems. This type of designs can be
widely used in those controlling fields demanding low power
consumption and high ratio of performance to price. In this
project a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) CPU IP
core whose instructions are compatible with the Microchip
PIC16C6Xseries of microcontrollers is implemented in VHDL.
The core is based on 8-bit RISC architecture and top-Down
design methodology is used in developing the core. The RISC
CPU core is based on Harvard architecture with 14-bit
instruction length and 8-bit data length and two-stage
instruction pipeline. The architecture will be designed aiming
at single cycle execution of the instructions, except those
related to program branches. Since this type of CPU based on
RISC architecture, there are only 35 reduced instructions in
its instruction set, which are easy to be learned and used. The
performance of the 8-bit RISC CPU is better than those of
CPUs which are based on CISC architecture. Modelsim Xilinx
Edition (MXE) will be used simulation and functional
verification. The Xilinx Spartan-3E FPGAs will be used
synthesis and timing analysis. The results will be verified on
chip with chipscope tool.
Eric Theis has extensive experience as a senior software and firmware engineer, with skills in areas such as project management, requirements analysis, design, software engineering, integration and testing. He has worked on complex embedded systems for applications such as medical devices, wireless networking, video conferencing, smartphones and aerospace.
This document discusses configurable logic devices (CLDs) and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). It describes the structure of a CPLD as consisting of logic blocks with macrocells and programmable interconnects. An FPGA consists of an array of configurable logic blocks surrounded by programmable I/O blocks and connected with programmable interconnects. The document provides details on the architecture and components of Xilinx XC9500 CPLDs and the configuration of logic blocks, look-up tables, flip-flops, and programmable interconnects in FPGAs.
The document discusses three types of programmable logic devices (FPLDs): simple PLDs (SPLDs), complex PLDs (CPLDs), and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). SPLDs contain less than 1000 logic gates, CPLDs have higher logic capacity than SPLDs, and FPGAs have the highest logic capacity. CPLDs are composed of multiple SPLDs like PALs interconnected on a single chip, allowing for larger designs than SPLDs.
Jasmin Ibrahimovic is a senior design and verification consultant with over 20 years of experience in FPGA, SoC, and ASIC development. She specializes in hardware-assisted computing, interfaces, and microarchitectures. She has worked on mission-critical and carrier-class electronic products across various industries including computing, networking, wireless, and more. Her experience includes roles at Qualcomm, Chili.CHIPS, AMCC, Copper Mountain Networks, Nortel Networks, Gandalf Data, and Energoinvest/IRCA.
FROM FPGA TO ASIC IMPLEMENTATION OF AN OPENRISC BASED SOC FOR VOIP APPLICATIONieijjournal
ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) design verification takes as long as the designers take to describe, synthesis and implement the design. The hybrid approach, where the design is first prototyped on an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) platform for functional validation and then implemented as
an ASIC allows earlier defect detection in the design process and thus allows a significant time saving. This paper deals with a CMOS standard-cell ASIC implementation of a SoC (System on Chip) based on the OpenRISC processor for Voice over IP (VoIP) application; where a hybrid approach is adopted. The
architecture of the design is mainly based on the reuse of IPs cores described at the RTL level. This RTL code is technology-independent; hence the design can be ported easily from FPGA to ASIC. Results show that the SoC occupied the area of 2.64mm². Regarding the power consumption, RTL power estimation is given.
This document discusses Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), including their history, components, applications, and advantages. FPGAs allow logic functions to be programmed in the field after manufacturing and consist of configurable logic blocks, input/output blocks, and a routing matrix. They are used widely in embedded systems, consumer electronics, communications, and more due to their flexibility, short development times, and ability to be updated in the field. FPGAs provide advantages over traditional ICs like long-term availability, field updates/upgrades, extremely short time to market, and massively parallel processing capabilities.
- Ankit Sarin has over 7 years of experience in embedded firmware development, hardware design, and integration testing. He has worked on projects in various domains including industrial automation, SCADA, rail, oil and gas, and consumer products.
- His skills include embedded C/C++, assembly language, various protocols and interfaces. He has experience with development tools and environments on 8/16/32 bit platforms.
- His most recent role is as a senior software engineer at Larsen & Toubro where he works on firmware development for solar inverters and railway products. Previously he has worked on projects for Invensys, Cognizant, and Philips.
This document discusses FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), including their definition, technologies, families, and conclusion. An FPGA contains programmable logic blocks and interconnects that can be configured to perform different logic functions. The document outlines the main FPGA technologies, such as SRAM, EEPROM, and flash-based FPGAs. It concludes that FPGAs can be used to solve any computable problem by implementing a soft processor, and they are faster than ASICs for some applications due to their parallel nature.
System on a chip (SoC) integrates a complete electronic system into a single chip. It includes an embedded processor, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), analog circuits, and embedded memory. SoCs offer benefits like lower cost, power consumption, and size compared to discrete components. However, designing SoCs is challenging due to their complexity, which requires extensive verification of reusable intellectual property blocks. Major applications of SoCs include speech processing, image/video processing, and wireless communication technologies.
This document discusses key concerns and methods for designing high-reliability FPGA-based systems. It covers ensuring accurate design specifications, implementing built-in safety features like triple modular redundancy and safe finite state machines, evaluating and debugging designs at the register-transfer level using FPGA prototypes, and following reproducible, documented design processes. The goal is to address safety-critical applications' needs for mitigating radiation effects, requirements tracing, power reduction, and verification.
Design of LDPC Decoder Based On FPGA in Digital Image Watermarking TechnologyTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
LDPC code and digital image watermarking technology, which is an effective method of digital copyright protection and information security, has been widely used. But this is a multi-disciplinary, multi technology application scheme. In order to realize FPGA design of LDPC decoder in the application scheme, an effective implementation method of digital watermarking application system must be found. In this paper, MATLAB software and Qt development environment are combined to achieve the digital watermarking application software design. It could get real-time input data for the LDPC decoder. Then the hardware of the LDPC decoder is primarily implemented by FPGA in the digital image watermarking system. And the serial port is used to make the output data of the decoder back to computer for verification. Through the simulation results, the Modelsim time simulation diagram is given, and the watermark image compared with the original image is got. The results show that the resource usage of our system is few, and the decoding rate is fast. It has a certain practical value.
Netravati S. Kittur is seeking a challenging position applying her 2+ years experience in electrical industries including embedded C coding, designing numerical relays, RS232/RS485 communication, and testing. She has experience with PIC microcontrollers, IEC and MODBUS protocols, LCDs, transformers, and programming languages like C/C++. Notable projects include developing IEC 60870-5-103 protocol and numerical relays for over/under voltage protection. She holds a B.E. in Electronics and Communication with skills in areas like embedded systems, communication protocols, and IDEs like MPLAB.
This document provides a summary of Himabindu C's professional experience and qualifications. She has over 3 years of experience in VLSI design and verification using Verilog, VHDL and Python. Some of her projects include designing I2C and AXI blocks, implementing a subset of the I2C protocol, and developing a parallel sensor interface. She is proficient with EDA tools from Cadence, Xilinx and Synopsys and has experience verifying PCIe, AHB and memory controller designs. Himabindu holds a PG Diploma in VLSI Design and a BTech in ECE.
This document provides an overview of an ASIC/FPGA technology and design flow course. It discusses the course organization, material, schedule, and recommended literature. The course will cover FPGA and ASIC design flows, including Verilog, synthesis, simulation, and implementation. It will also discuss chip structures, technologies, applications and the semiconductor industry. Students will complete projects to design an FPGA peripheral and an ASIC, with design reviews to mimic industry practice. The goal is to prepare students for careers in chip design and verification.
This document compares the performance of three routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) - DSDV, AODV, and an ant colony optimization (ACO) based protocol. It presents the results of simulations run using the NS-2 network simulator. The simulations varied the number of nodes and compared the end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio, and packet delivery fraction of the three protocols. The results showed that as network complexity increased with more nodes, the ACO based protocol performed better than AODV and DSDV in terms of lower delay and higher delivery rates, particularly for larger network sizes.
This document discusses using graphics processing units (GPUs) to perform approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) for parameter estimation of complex models. It describes how GPUs are well-suited for ABC due to their ability to perform linear computations on many threads in parallel. The document provides examples of applying ABC to GPUs for problems involving dynamical systems, network evolution models, and parameter estimation for protein interaction networks.
This document describes the design and implementation of an IEEE-754 floating point adder/subtractor. It presents the hardware architecture in a block diagram with 8 pipelined stages. The design takes two 64-bit IEEE-754 operands and performs decimal floating point addition or subtraction according to the specified standard. It first decodes the operands, equalizes the exponents, performs the addition or subtraction of the significands, and then rounds and normalizes the result while handling special cases such as overflow and underflow. The key stages include leading zero detection, shifting, control signal generation, decimal addition, post-correction, and rounding.
This document summarizes a research paper on solving three-dimensional bin packing problems using an elitism-based genetic algorithm. The paper addresses the bin packing problem, which involves packing objects of different volumes into bins to minimize the number of bins used. Previous work focused on one and two-dimensional cases. The paper presents a genetic algorithm approach to solve the three-dimensional bin packing problem. The algorithm uses a probability vector to model population distribution and elitism to guide the search toward optimal solutions.
The document discusses maximum power point tracking (MPPT) using the perturb and observe method. MPPT is a technique used in solar panel systems to extract the maximum available power from the panels by matching the panel voltage to the maximum power point on its power-voltage curve. The perturb and observe method works by periodically perturbing the duty cycle of the power converter connecting the panel to the battery and observing whether power increases or decreases, allowing it to track the changing maximum power point.
This document discusses speech-based emotion recognition using Gaussian mixture models (GMM). GMMs are statistical models that are well-suited for developing emotion recognition systems from large feature datasets. The document proposes using GMMs trained on excitation features extracted from speech signals to classify emotions into categories like happy, angry, sad, and neutral. It describes extracting excitation source features through linear predictive coding analysis to capture information about a speaker's vocal excitation source. The goal is to develop a GMM-based emotion recognition system that can classify emotions in conversations.
Statistical analysis of network data and evolution on GPUs: High-performance ...Michael Stumpf
Talk given on the 25th of January 2012 at the GPU in Statistics workshop in Warwick.
The talk covers approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) on GPUs, how to use spectral graph theory in ABC, and how to generate good random numbers on GPUs.
This document summarizes an implementation of the International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The authors designed an efficient hardware implementation of the IDEA algorithm using a novel modulo (2n+1) multiplier module. They synthesized and implemented the VHDL code on a Xilinx FPGA. Experimental results showed that the proposed design was faster, smaller, and consumed less power than previous hardware implementations of IDEA. The key aspects of the proposed design were an optimized modulo multiplier and a pipelined architecture to improve processing speed and throughput for encryption.
The document discusses multi-scale models in immunobiology. It defines multi-scale models as dealing with problems that have important features at multiple organizational, spatial, and temporal scales. Examples of multi-scale processes discussed include the recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils in response to wounding in zebrafish. Simple multiscale models are presented to model leukocyte chemotaxis and cytokine gradients. Approaches for calibrating and performing inference on complicated multi-scale models, such as approximate Bayesian computation, are also discussed.
The document discusses the design and implementation of optimal pulse shaping filters for digital radio systems. It specifically focuses on raised cosine and root raised cosine filters. These filters are used to reduce interference between symbols (ISI) and noise in the channel. The authors implement a 16-QAM digital communication system using these pulse shaping filters at the transmitter and matched filters at the receiver. Simulation results show that the root raised cosine filters help reduce bit error rates compared to raised cosine filters.
This document presents a comparative study of high-resolution direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms, specifically MUSIC, ESPRIT, and Q-MUSIC. It provides background on array signal processing and direction of arrival estimation. The key high-resolution DOA estimation algorithms - MUSIC, ESPRIT, and Q-MUSIC - are explored in detail. Through simulation, Q-MUSIC is shown to be highly accurate, stable, and provide high angular resolution for multidimensional complex data signals compared to MUSIC and ESPRIT.
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FPGAs can be programmed after manufacturing to implement custom logic functions. They contain programmable logic blocks and interconnects that can be configured to create custom circuits. FPGAs provide flexibility compared to ASICs but have higher per-unit costs. The FPGA architecture consists of configurable logic blocks, programmable interconnects, and I/O blocks. Configurable logic blocks contain LUTs that implement logic functions. Programmable interconnects connect the logic blocks, and I/O blocks interface with external components. FPGAs are commonly used for prototyping, emulation, parallel computing, and other applications that require customizable hardware.
FPGAs can be programmed after manufacturing to implement custom logic functions. They contain programmable logic blocks and interconnects that can be configured to create custom circuits. FPGAs have advantages over ASICs like lower development costs and shorter time to market, though ASICs can be produced more cheaply at scale. FPGA architecture consists of configurable logic blocks, programmable interconnects, and I/O blocks. Logic blocks contain LUTs that implement functions. Interconnects connect blocks, and I/O blocks interface with external components. FPGAs are used for applications like hardware emulation, ASIC prototyping, and parallel computing.
An FPGA is described as a reconfigurable integrated circuit containing an array of logic blocks and programmable interconnects. The document discusses an FPGA's architecture, including configurable logic blocks and routing resources. It also provides VHDL code for an 8-bit ALU implementation on an FPGA, including a process to handle data display on an LCD screen.
This document compares FPGAs and microcontrollers. FPGAs can provide much higher performance per watt than microcontrollers due to their ability to perform thousands of calculations per clock cycle. However, microcontrollers are better suited for floating point calculations and have an advantage for tasks that require dynamic parallelism. FPGAs are well-suited for problems that can be parallelized, while microcontrollers may be preferable for unpredictable tasks. Both device types have pros and cons related to factors like power usage, programming difficulty, cost, and interfaces. The selection depends on the specific application requirements and developer resources.
Programmable logic controller performance enhancement by field programmable g...ISA Interchange
This document proposes designing a programmable logic controller (PLC) using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) to improve performance. The FPGA implementation allows for parallel execution of logic compared to a typical microprocessor-based PLC. A GUI is developed in Visual Basic to program ladder logic into the FPGA by transmitting hex codes representing the logic. The proposed design architecture includes 4 rungs that can each contain up to 16 components. Simulation results demonstrate the FPGA-based PLC functioning for typical logic and alarm applications.
An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is an integrated circuit device that can be reconfigured to implement different logic functions. It contains a matrix of configurable logic blocks and programmable interconnects. Unlike processors, FPGAs use dedicated hardware rather than an operating system, allowing truly parallel processing. FPGAs can be reconfigured after deployment to change their internal circuitry. A single FPGA can replace thousands of discrete components. FPGAs are classified based on their internal structure and the technology used for user programmable switches. The FPGA design flow involves system design, design description, synthesis, implementation, verification and testing.
In this paper, proposed a novel implementation of a Soft-Core system using
micro-blaze processor with virtex-5 FPGA. Till now Hard-Core processors are used in
FPGA processor cores. Hard cores are a fixed gate-level IP functions within the FPGA
fabrics. Now the proposed processor is Soft-Core Processor, this is a microprocessor fully
described in software, usually in an HDL. This can be implemented by using EDK tool. In
this paper, developed a system which is having a micro-blaze processor is the combination
of both hardware & Software. By using this system, user can control and communicate all
the peripherals which are in the supported board by using Xilinx platform to develop an
embedded system. Implementing of Soft-Core process system with different peripherals like
UART interface, SPA flash interface, SRAM interface has to be designed using Xilinx
Embedded Development Kit (EDK) tools.
This document provides an introduction to FPGA design fundamentals including:
- Programmable logic devices like PLDs, CPLDs, and FPGAs which allow for reconfigurable logic circuits.
- The basic architecture of FPGAs including configurable logic blocks (CLBs), input/output blocks (IOBs), and a programmable interconnect structure.
- Verilog and VHDL as common hardware description languages used for FPGA design entry and simulation.
- A simple example of designing a half-adder circuit in VHDL, including entity, architecture, and behavioral modeling style.
The document discusses implementing convolution on an FPGA. It begins by introducing convolution and its applications in image processing. It then discusses the scope and technical approach of implementing discrete linear convolution on FPGA kits in order to perform convolution on images in real-time. The document outlines the structure of FPGAs, including configurable logic blocks and wiring tracks. It also discusses software requirements and provides an organization plan for subsequent chapters on linear convolution, FPGA technology, and a literature survey.
This presentation gives an overview of FPGA devices. An FPGA is a device that contains a matrix of re-configurable gate array logic circuitry. When a FPGA is configured, the internal circuitry is connected in a way that creates a hardware implementation of the software application.
FPGA devices can deliver the performance and reliability of dedicated hardware circuitry.
Field-programmable gate array\
only for these students that are intrested in Field-programmable gate array
field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by a customer or a designer after manufacturing – hence "field-programmable". The FPGA configuration is generally specified using a hardware description language (HDL), similar to that used for an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). (Circuit diagrams were previously used to specify the configuration, as they were for ASICs
The FPGA industry sprouted from programmable read-only memory (PROM) and programmable logic devices (PLDs). PROMs and PLDs both had the option of being programmed in batches in a factory or in the field (field-programmable). However, programmable logic was hard-wired between logic gates.[6]
In the late 1980s, the Naval Surface Warfare Center funded an experiment proposed by Steve Casselman to develop a computer that would implement 600,000 reprogrammable gates. Casselman was successful and a patent related to the system was issued in 1992.[6]
Some of the industry's foundational concepts and technologies for programmable logic arrays, gates, and logic blocks are founded in patents awarded to David W. Page and LuVerne R. Peterson in 1985.
This document provides an overview of programmable hardware and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). It discusses the different types of logic devices, including fixed and programmable. Programmable logic devices allow users to specify the logic functions through programming and include PLA and PAL devices. FPGAs are then introduced as reprogrammable logic devices with configurable logic blocks and interconnects. The document outlines SRAM-based and flash-based FPGA implementation technologies and describes the architecture, advantages, and applications of FPGAs while also noting limitations such as higher costs compared to ASIC chips.
One advantage of the open computing language (OpenCL) software framework is its ability to run on different architectures. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are a high-speed computing architecture used for computation acceleration. This work develops a set of eight benchmarks (memory synchronization functions, explained in this study) using an OpenCL framework to study the effect of memory access time on overall performance when targeting the general FPGA computing platform. The results indicate the best synchronization mechanism to be adopted to synthesize the proposed design on the FPGA computation architecture. The proposed research results also demonstrate the effectiveness of using a taskparallel model approach to avoid using high-cost synchronization mechanisms within proposed designs that are constructed on the general FPGA computation platform.
An FPGA is a programmable logic device with a reconfigurable gate array logic circuits matrix.
To know more about “FPGA Design, Architecture and Applications,” click on the link https://www.logic-fruit.com/blog/fpga/fpga-design-architecture-and-applications/
About Logic Fruit Technologies
Logic Fruit Technologies is a product engineering R&D & consulting services provider for embedded systems and application development. We provide end-to-end solutions from the conception of the idea and design to the finished product. We have been servicing customers globally for over a decade.
The company has specific experience in various fields, such as
-FPGA Design & hardware design
-RTL IP Design
-A variety of digital protocols
-Communication buses as1G, 10G Ethernet
-PCIe
-DIGRF
-STM16/64
-HDMI.
Logic Fruit Technologies is also an expert in developing,
-software-defined radio (SDR) IPs
-Encryption
-Signal generation
-Data analysis, and
-Multiple Image Processing Techniques.
Recently Logic Fruit technologies are also exploring FPGA acceleration on data centers for real-time data processing.
**Our Social Media Channels**
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/LogicFruit/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/logicfruit
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/logi…
Website: https://www.logic-fruit.com/
#LFT #LogicFruitTechnologies #LogicFruit
Interested to view more Slide Shares, Click on the below links,
https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/a-designers-practical-guide-to-arinc-429-standard-3pptx
https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/a-swift-introduction-to-milstd
https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/arinc-the-ultimate-guide-to-modern-avionics-protocol/LogicFruit/arinc-the-ultimate-guide-to-modern-avionics-protocol
https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/arinc-629-digital-data-bus-specifications/LogicFruit/arinc-629-digital-data-bus-specifications
https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/afdx
https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/end-system-design-parameters-of-the-arinc-664-part-7
https://www.slideshare.net/LogicFruit/compute-express-link-cxl-everything-you-ought-to-know
Selective fitting strategy based real time placement algorithm for dynamicall...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document presents a summary of a presentation on applying FPGAs for motor speed control. It was delivered by five students from the Electrical Engineering department at the University College of Engineering in Rajasthan, India. The presentation covered FPGA introductions, applications, structures, programming, and using an FPGA with an intelligent power module and motor to observe waveforms for motor speed control. It concluded that FPGAs provide flexibility for prototyping and application in areas like automotive, consumer electronics, and industrial controls.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a technique called reconfigurable built-in self test (RBIST) to detect and correct faults in field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The RBIST approach uses the partial reconfiguration capability of FPGAs to dynamically reconfigure logic blocks and implement a self-test controller for fault detection. The self-test controller coordinates test pattern generation, response verification, and identification of faults. The technique was implemented on a Xilinx FPGA board to demonstrate fault detection and correction without disrupting the normal operation of other logic blocks.
This document discusses system designing and modeling using field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). It provides an overview of FPGA architecture, including logic blocks, interconnects, switch boxes, and input/output pads. Programming FPGAs involves using a hardware description language (HDL) like VHDL or Verilog to define the design, which is then synthesized, placed, and routed to the FPGA. Common applications of FPGAs include digital signal processing, image processing, cryptography, and ASIC prototyping. The document provides examples of FPGA components and programming.
5 Things to Know about FPGAs in Safety-Critical EnvironmentsMEN Micro
This document discusses 5 key advantages of using FPGAs in safety-critical environments:
1. FPGAs allow for easy simulation and testing of error behavior before certification.
2. FPGAs can efficiently implement advanced monitoring and surveillance functions.
3. FPGAs provide long-term availability and reduced risk of obsolescence due to easy porting between devices.
4. FPGAs make it simple to construct redundancies and achieve immunity against single event upsets.
5. FPGAs allow for the integration of security applications through unique hardware-based keys and encryption.
Electrically small antennas: The art of miniaturizationEditor IJARCET
We are living in the technological era, were we preferred to have the portable devices rather than unmovable devices. We are isolating our self rom the wires and we are becoming the habitual of wireless world what makes the device portable? I guess physical dimensions (mechanical) of that particular device, but along with this the electrical dimension is of the device is also of great importance. Reducing the physical dimension of the antenna would result in the small antenna but not electrically small antenna. We have different definition for the electrically small antenna but the one which is most appropriate is, where k is the wave number and is equal to and a is the radius of the imaginary sphere circumscribing the maximum dimension of the antenna. As the present day electronic devices progress to diminish in size, technocrats have become increasingly concentrated on electrically small antenna (ESA) designs to reduce the size of the antenna in the overall electronics system. Researchers in many fields, including RF and Microwave, biomedical technology and national intelligence, can benefit from electrically small antennas as long as the performance of the designed ESA meets the system requirement.
This document provides a comparative study of two-way finite automata and Turing machines. Some key points:
- Two-way finite automata are similar to read-only Turing machines in that they have a finite tape that can be read in both directions, but cannot write to the tape.
- Turing machines have an infinite tape that can be read from and written to, allowing them to recognize recursively enumerable languages.
- Both models are examined in their ability to accept the regular language L={anbm|m,n>0}.
- The time complexity of a two-way finite automaton for this language is O(n2) due to making two passes over the
This document analyzes and compares the performance of the AODV and DSDV routing protocols in a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) simulation. Simulations were conducted using NS-2, SUMO, and MOVE simulators for a grid map scenario with varying numbers of nodes. The results show that AODV performed better than DSDV in terms of throughput and packet delivery fraction, while DSDV had lower end-to-end delays. However, neither protocol was found to be fully suitable for the highly dynamic VANET environment. The document concludes that further work is needed to develop improved routing protocols optimized for VANETs.
This document discusses the digital circuit layout problem and approaches to solving it using graph partitioning techniques. It begins by introducing the digital circuit layout problem and how it has become more complex with increasing circuit sizes. It then discusses how the problem can be decomposed into subproblems using graph partitioning to assign geometric coordinates to circuit components. The document reviews several traditional approaches to solve the problem, such as the Kernighan-Lin algorithm, and discusses their limitations for larger circuit sizes. It also discusses more recent approaches using evolutionary algorithms and concludes by analyzing the contributions of various approaches.
This document summarizes various data mining techniques that have been used for intrusion detection systems. It first describes the architecture of a data mining-based IDS, including sensors to collect data, detectors to evaluate the data using detection models, a data warehouse for storage, and a model generator. It then discusses supervised and unsupervised learning approaches that have been applied, including neural networks, support vector machines, K-means clustering, and self-organizing maps. Finally, it reviews several related works applying these techniques and compares their results, finding that combinations of approaches can improve detection rates while reducing false alarms.
This document provides an overview of speech recognition systems and recent progress in the field. It discusses different types of speech recognition including isolated word, connected word, continuous speech, and spontaneous speech. Various techniques used in speech recognition are also summarized, such as simulated evolutionary computation, artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, Kalman filters, and Hidden Markov Models. The document reviews several papers published between 2004-2012 that studied speech recognition methods including using dynamic spectral subband centroids, Kalman filters, biomimetic computing techniques, noise estimation, and modulation filtering. It concludes that Hidden Markov Models combined with MFCC features provide good recognition results for large vocabulary, speaker-independent, continuous speech recognition.
This document discusses integrating two assembly lines, Line A and Line B, based on lean line design concepts to reduce space and operators. It analyzes the current state of the lines using tools like takt time analysis and MTM/UAS studies. Improvements are identified to eliminate waste, including methods improvements, workplace rearrangement, ergonomic changes, and outsourcing. Paper kaizen is conducted and work elements are retimed. The goal is to integrate the lines to better utilize space and manpower while meeting manufacturing standards.
This document summarizes research on the exposure of microwaves from cellular networks. It describes how microwaves interact with biological systems and discusses measurement techniques and safety standards regarding microwave exposure. While some studies have alleged health hazards from microwaves, independent reviews by health organizations have found no evidence that exposure to microwaves below international safety limits causes harm. The document concludes that with precautions like limiting exposure time and using phones with lower SAR ratings, microwaves from cell phones pose minimal health risks.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the effect of feature reduction in sentiment analysis of online reviews. It uses principle component analysis to reduce the number of features (product attributes) from a dataset of 500 camera reviews labeled as positive or negative. Two models are developed - one using the original set of 95 product attributes, and one using the reduced set. Support vector machines and naive Bayes classifiers are applied to both models and their performance is evaluated to determine if classification accuracy can be maintained while using fewer features. The results show it is possible to achieve similar accuracy levels with less features, improving computational efficiency.
This document provides a review of multispectral palm image fusion techniques. It begins with an introduction to biometrics and palm print identification. Different palm print images capture different spectral information about the palm. The document then reviews several pixel-level fusion methods for combining multispectral palm images, finding that Curvelet transform performs best at preserving discriminative patterns. It also discusses hardware for capturing multispectral palm images and the process of region of interest extraction and localization. Common fusion methods like wavelet transform and Curvelet transform are also summarized.
This document describes a vehicle theft detection system that uses radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. The system involves embedding an RFID chip in each vehicle that continuously transmits a unique identification signal. When a vehicle is stolen, the owner reports it to the police, who upload the vehicle's information to a central database. Police vehicles are equipped with RFID receivers. If a stolen vehicle passes within range of a receiver, the receiver detects the vehicle's ID signal and displays its details on a tablet. This allows police to quickly identify and recover stolen vehicles. The system aims to make it difficult for thieves to hide a vehicle's identity and allows vehicles to be tracked globally wherever the detection system is implemented.
This document discusses and compares two techniques for image denoising using wavelet transforms: Dual-Tree Complex DWT and Double-Density Dual-Tree Complex DWT. Both techniques decompose an image corrupted by noise using filter banks, apply thresholding to the wavelet coefficients, and reconstruct the image. The Double-Density Dual-Tree Complex DWT yields better denoising results than the Dual-Tree Complex DWT as it produces more directional wavelets and is less sensitive to shifts and noise variance. Experimental results on test images demonstrate that the Double-Density method achieves higher peak signal-to-noise ratios, especially at higher noise levels.
This document compares the k-means and grid density clustering algorithms. It summarizes that grid density clustering determines dense grids based on the densities of neighboring grids, and is able to handle different shaped clusters in multi-density environments. The grid density algorithm does not require distance computation and is not dependent on the number of clusters being known in advance like k-means. The document concludes that grid density clustering is better than k-means clustering as it can handle noise and outliers, find arbitrary shaped clusters, and has lower time complexity.
This document proposes a method for detecting, localizing, and extracting text from videos with complex backgrounds. It involves three main steps:
1. Text detection uses corner metric and Laplacian filtering techniques independently to detect text regions. Corner metric identifies regions with high curvature, while Laplacian filtering highlights intensity discontinuities. The results are combined through multiplication to reduce noise.
2. Text localization then determines the accurate boundaries of detected text strings.
3. Text binarization filters background pixels to extract text pixels for recognition. Thresholding techniques are used to convert localized text regions to binary images.
The method exploits different text properties to detect text using corner metric and Laplacian filtering. Combining the results improves
This document describes the design and implementation of a low power 16-bit arithmetic logic unit (ALU) using clock gating techniques. A variable block length carry skip adder is used in the arithmetic unit to reduce power consumption and improve performance. The ALU uses a clock gating circuit to selectively clock only the active arithmetic or logic unit, reducing dynamic power dissipation from unnecessary clock charging/discharging. The ALU was simulated in VHDL and synthesized for a Xilinx Spartan 3E FPGA, achieving a maximum frequency of 65.19MHz at 1.98mW power dissipation, demonstrating improved performance over a conventional ALU design.
This document describes using particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithms (GA) to tune the parameters of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for an automatic voltage regulator (AVR) system. PSO and GA are used to minimize the objective function by adjusting the PID parameters to achieve optimal step response with minimal overshoot, settling time, and rise time. The results show that PSO provides high-quality solutions within a shorter calculation time than other stochastic methods.
This document discusses implementing trust negotiations in multisession transactions. It proposes a framework that supports voluntary and unexpected interruptions, allowing negotiating parties to complete negotiations despite temporary unavailability of resources. The Trust-x protocol addresses issues related to validity, temporary loss of data, and extended unavailability of one negotiator. It allows a peer to suspend an ongoing negotiation and resume it with another authenticated peer. Negotiation portions and intermediate states can be safely and privately passed among peers to guarantee stability for continued suspended negotiations. An ontology is also proposed to provide formal specification of concepts and relationships, which is essential in complex web service environments for sharing credential information needed to establish trust.
This document discusses and compares various nature-inspired optimization algorithms for resolving the mixed pixel problem in remote sensing imagery, including Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). It provides an overview of each algorithm, explaining key concepts like migration and mutation in BBO. The document aims to prove that BBO is the best algorithm for resolving the mixed pixel problem by comparing it to other evolutionary algorithms. It also includes figures illustrating concepts like the species model and habitat in BBO.
This document discusses principal component analysis (PCA) for face recognition. It begins with an introduction to face recognition and PCA. PCA works by calculating eigenvectors from a set of face images, which represent the principal components that account for the most variance in the image data. These eigenvectors are called "eigenfaces" and can be used to reconstruct the face images. The document then discusses how the system is implemented, including preparing a face database, normalizing the training images, calculating the eigenfaces/principal components, projecting the face images into this reduced space, and recognizing faces by calculating distances between projected test images and training images.
This document summarizes research on using wireless sensor networks to detect mobile targets. It discusses two optimization problems: 1) maximizing the exposure of the least exposed path within a sensor budget, and 2) minimizing sensor installation costs while ensuring all paths have exposure above a threshold. It proposes using tabu search heuristics to provide near-optimal solutions. The research also addresses extending the models to consider wireless connectivity, heterogeneous sensors, and intrusion detection using a game theory approach. Experimental results show the proposed mobile replica detection scheme can rapidly detect replicas with no false positives or negatives.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Digital Banking in the Cloud: How Citizens Bank Unlocked Their MainframePrecisely
Inconsistent user experience and siloed data, high costs, and changing customer expectations – Citizens Bank was experiencing these challenges while it was attempting to deliver a superior digital banking experience for its clients. Its core banking applications run on the mainframe and Citizens was using legacy utilities to get the critical mainframe data to feed customer-facing channels, like call centers, web, and mobile. Ultimately, this led to higher operating costs (MIPS), delayed response times, and longer time to market.
Ever-changing customer expectations demand more modern digital experiences, and the bank needed to find a solution that could provide real-time data to its customer channels with low latency and operating costs. Join this session to learn how Citizens is leveraging Precisely to replicate mainframe data to its customer channels and deliver on their “modern digital bank” experiences.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process MiningLucaBarbaro3
Presentation of the paper "Trusted Execution Environment for Decentralized Process Mining" given during the CAiSE 2024 Conference in Cyprus on June 7, 2024.
FREE A4 Cyber Security Awareness Posters-Social Engineering part 3Data Hops
Free A4 downloadable and printable Cyber Security, Social Engineering Safety and security Training Posters . Promote security awareness in the home or workplace. Lock them Out From training providers datahops.com
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and MilvusZilliz
During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers