The document discusses several ways in which the ocean provides resources to humans, including fresh water through distillation, minerals in nodules on the seafloor, and food through fishing and aquaculture. It also notes concerns about increased pollution in the ocean from substances like lead and plastic, as well as how ocean currents circulate globally through surface currents driven by winds and the Coriolis effect and deep currents driven by temperature differences.
Oceanography is the science that studies the oceans along with marine organisms and ecosystem dynamics, ocean currents and waves, plate tectonics and the geology of the sea floor, and the chemical substances and physical properties of the world oceans.
Oceanography is the science that studies the oceans along with marine organisms and ecosystem dynamics, ocean currents and waves, plate tectonics and the geology of the sea floor, and the chemical substances and physical properties of the world oceans.
This is PPT of class -7 ,Geography, Chapter -5, Water
Reference book is NCERT, .
This is useful for teachers who teach in CBSE and Chhattisgarh board.
so download and use online and offline teaching.
Unit 9, Lesson 3 - The Hydrosphere
Lesson Outline:
1. The Hydrosphere
2. Water or Hydrologic Cycle (Review)
3. The Earth’s Oceans
4. Water Currents
5. Aquatic Organisms
6. Water Systems
7. The Underground Water System
8. Water Pollution
Seas and Oceans are blue beauties of the planet earth.
Oceans are vast body of saline water occupying the great depressions on the earth. The surface beneath the oceanic waters is characterized by a lot of relief features.
The structure, configuration and relief features of the oceans also vary from each other.On the basis of Bathymetry and other studies, the morphology of Ocean basins contains a lot of relief features. This module highlights many of those features.
This is PPT of class -7 ,Geography, Chapter -5, Water
Reference book is NCERT, .
This is useful for teachers who teach in CBSE and Chhattisgarh board.
so download and use online and offline teaching.
Unit 9, Lesson 3 - The Hydrosphere
Lesson Outline:
1. The Hydrosphere
2. Water or Hydrologic Cycle (Review)
3. The Earth’s Oceans
4. Water Currents
5. Aquatic Organisms
6. Water Systems
7. The Underground Water System
8. Water Pollution
Seas and Oceans are blue beauties of the planet earth.
Oceans are vast body of saline water occupying the great depressions on the earth. The surface beneath the oceanic waters is characterized by a lot of relief features.
The structure, configuration and relief features of the oceans also vary from each other.On the basis of Bathymetry and other studies, the morphology of Ocean basins contains a lot of relief features. This module highlights many of those features.
Introduces Oceanography: oceanic plates, continental shelf, abyssal plain, trenches, hydrothermal vents, black smoke, temperature stratification, water masses and circulation, coriolis effect, el nino, larvae and larval ecology.
It describes about the formation of Islands,about the formation of coral reef. It describes about the ocean currents, their origin and all other concepts related to oceanography.
Oceans are a vast body of salt water that covers almost three to fourths of the earth's surface.
Seas are smaller, found on the margins of the ocean and are partially enclosed by land.
Seawater:
High density, high heat capacity, colder, salty and slightly compressible (its volume decreases under pressure), thus its density increases with pressure.
Why is Ocean Circulation Important?
•Similar to winds in the atmosphere, they transfer significant amounts of heat from equatorial areas to the poles and thus play important roles in determining the climates of coastal regions.
•The ocean circulation pattern exchanges water of varying characteristics, such as temperature and salinity
•ocean currents and atmospheric circulation influence one another.
•in addition, they transport nutrients and organisms
2. Fresh Water from the Ocean
• Fresh water supplies are limited
• Many developing countries lack a source
of fresh water.
• Distillation, is starting to increase.
– Three methods:
• Heating
• Freezing
• High pressure
3. Mineral from the Ocean
• The ocean is a large source of minerals,
its just very costly to harvest the minerals.
• Each cubic kilometer= 6kg of gold
• Nodules high in iron, copper, nickel,
cobalt, phosphates.
• Only grow 1-10 mm every million years!
• Petroleum (oil)- limited supply and is
being depleted faster than produced.
4. Food from the Ocean
• Over half a billion people in the world lack
protein in their diet.
• Fish is a great source of protein.
• Aquaculture (farming of the ocean), can
solve many of those problems.
• Problem is a lot of nutrients are on the
bottom of the ocean.
5. Ocean-Water Pollution
• Until recently, most waste was diluted, or
destroyed as it spread throughout the
ocean.
• Increased about of
– Lead
– Insecticides
– Plastic
6. Ocean Currents
• A. Surface Currents Move in a
Circular Motion!!
– 1. Winds affect surface currents
a. Wind provides energy to the water, causing
movement
b. Winds move along latitude lines in opposite
directions
• i. Tradewinds: Above & below the equator
• Currents blow toward the equator line
– Westerlies: In the middle latitude zones
– Currents blow toward the poles
7. Ocean Currents
• 2. Earth’s rotation affects surface
currents
– a. The Coriolis effect is the deflection of
the earth’s winds and ocean currents
caused by the earth’s rotation
– b. The water flows in a circular motion
• Northern Hemisphere: clockwise
• Southern Hemisphere: counter-clockwise
10. Ocean Currents
• B. Deep Ocean and Air Currents
– 1. Currents move in a circular motion that
is affected by temperature
– 2. Temperature inversion: when warm
temperatures are above the cooler
temperatures either in the oceans or the
atmosphere
• Cold water (near the poles) sinks because it is
more dense
• Warm water (near the equator) rises because it
is less dense
11. Ocean Currents
3. Convection: the circular pattern made by
water or air caused by the differential
heating of earth
a. Ocean water is heated unevenly due to the depth
of the ocean and the heat energy from the sun
– Pressure differences in the atmosphere (warm air
is less dense, cold air is more dense) cause
uneven heating and form convection cells around
the earth
• These patterns of circulation globally
distribute the heat among ocean waters
and the atmosphere
