Lecture "Object Oriented Analysis" in Object Oriented Software Engineering course at Beaconhouse National University Lahore for Spring 2017 Semester by Hafiz Ammar Siddiqui

1. Object Oriented
Analysis
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

2. Static Models
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

3. Static Models
■ Represents the static elements of a system
■ Explains the structural organization of a system
■ Describes the static structure of objects that exist in the problem domain
■ Time independent view of system
■ Static modelling includes
– Use case diagram
– Class diagram
– Object diagram
– Component diagram
– Deployment diagram
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

4. Static Models (Object Model)
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

5. Object Model
■ System is modelled using object oriented techniques
■ Classified into differentstages
1. Analysis object model
2. System design object model
3. Object design model
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

6. Static Models (Class Diagram)
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

7. Class Diagram
■ Class diagram is a static model diagram which is modelled using the UML (Unified
Modeling Language)
■ Show classes which are abstractions that specify the common structure, attributes
and behaviors of a set of objects
■ Describes the structure of a system by using classes and objects, and the
relationships among them
■ Used from data modeling of a specific domain to a detailed design of the system
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

8. Object Modelling using UML
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

9. Object Modelling using UML
■ Object modelling technique
– An object modeling approach for software modeling and designing
– Method for analysis, design and implementation using object oriented principles
■ UML (Unified Modeling Language)
– An industry standard modeling language with a rich graphical notation, and
comprehensive set of diagrams and elements
– A modeling language use to specify, design and develop the document artifacts of a
software system
– Used to analyze, design and implement a system using the methods of object
oriented software engineering
– Combine different approaches in a single design language
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

10. The process of developing class
diagram
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

11. The process of developing class diagram
■ Steps of developing a class diagram
1. Identify set of classes
2. Define relationships between classes
3. Add attributes and behaviors
4. Iterate over the process again till class diagram is satisfactory
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

12. Class Diagram UML (Class)
■ Class is represented with a box that contain three compartments, top compartment
contains the name of a class, the middle compartment contain the attributes of a
class, and lower compartment contain the behaviors of a class
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Class_Name
visibility attribute_name: data_type
visibility behavior_name(input_parameter : data_type) : return_type

13. Class Diagram UML (Association)
■ Association relation is represented by a line from one class to another class and its
multiplicity is represented by a numerical range at the both ends of a line
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Class_Name
<attributeslist>
<behaviors list>
Class_Name
<attributeslist>
<behaviors list>
min_no … max_no
(* for Infinite)
min_no … max_no
(* for Infinite)

14. Class Diagram UML (Aggregation)
■ Aggregation relation is represented by hollow diamond shape on the containing
class with a single line that connects it to the contained class and its multiplicity is
represented by a numerical range at the both ends of a line
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Class_Name
<attributeslist>
<behaviors list>
Class_Name
<attributeslist>
<behaviors list>
min_no … max_no
(* for Infinite)
min_no … max_no
(* for Infinite)

15. Class Diagram UML (Composition)
■ Composition relation is represented by filled diamond shape on the containing class
with a single line that connects it to the contained class and its multiplicity is
represented by a numerical range at the both ends of a line
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Class_Name
<attributeslist>
<behaviors list>
Class_Name
<attributeslist>
<behaviors list>
min_no … max_no
(* for Infinite)
min_no … max_no
(* for Infinite)

16. Class Diagram UML (Inheritance)
■ Inheritance relation is represented by hollow triangle shape on the base class end of
the line that connects it to the derived class
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Class_Name
<attributeslist>
<behaviors list>
Class_Name
<attributeslist>
<behaviors list>

17. Dynamic Models
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

18. Dynamic Models
■ Represents the dynamic elements of a system
■ Explains the behavior of a system
■ Shows the order of events and messages that occur in a system
■ Describes the interaction among objects and flow of information
■ Time dependent view of system
■ Dynamic modelling includes
– Interaction diagram
– Sequence diagram
– State machine diagram
– Activity diagram
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

19. Dynamic Models (Sequence Diagram)
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

20. Sequence Diagram
■ Sequence diagram is a dynamic model diagram which is modelled using the UML
(Unified Modeling Language)
■ Describes the objects participating in a use case
■ Explains that how different parts of a system interact with each other to carry out a
specific task
■ Shows the dynamic behavior of interacting objects
■ Explains that how objects communicate with one another and in which order
■ Shows the messaging between objects arranged in a time sequence
■ Models the collaboration of different objects with respect to time
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

21. Sequence Diagram UML
■ Every participating object has its own lifeline which is represented by a vertical
dotted line drawn either under a rectangular box or human symbol (if object is actor)
■ If an object is destroyed, cross is drawn on bottom of the lifeline
■ Messages exchanged between objects are represented by horizontal arrows, in the
order in which they occur, synchronous messages with solid arrow heads and
asynchronous messages with open arrow heads
■ Request or invocation messages are represented by solid lines and response or
return messages are represented by dotted lines
■ Processes performed in response to messages are represented by activation boxes,
which are opaque rectangles drawn on top of lifelines
■ Loops, alternative flows or reference to another sequence are represented inside a
large rectangle over the lifelines of related objects
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

22. Sequence Diagram UML
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Object_Name
Actor_Name
Object_Name
X
Request_Msg_Sync Request_Msg_Create_Sync
Response_Msg
Request_Msg_Delete_Async
Request_Msg_Async
Self_Msg

23. Reference
■ Object Oriented Software Engineering: Using UML, Patterns, and Java by Bernd
Bruegge, Allen H. Dutoit, Prentice Hall,2010
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: OBJECT ORIENTED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING – INSTITUTE: BEACONHOUSE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY