The document covers various aspects of game design, detailing the phases of planning and creating a game's content, including gameplay, mechanics, storyline, and aesthetics. It describes how players interact with games through elements like actions, goals, rules, skills, and chance, as well as discusses the significance of narrative structures in gaming. Additionally, it emphasizes the aesthetic experience and level design, highlighting how these components affect a player’s engagement and enjoyment.

1. Game Design
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

2. Game Design
• The process of planningand creating the content of a game
• Art of applying design to create a game
• Defines that how the game will work from start to end
• Describes that what a game consists of and how it plays
• All basic game design components are related to each other which are gameplay,
mechanics, storylineand aesthetics
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

3. Gameplay and Experience
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

4. Gameplay and Experience
• A specific way in which a player interacts with a game
• Defines the way a game is played
• Explains howa player is involved with a game
• Gameplayis usuallydefined with the help of two major characteristics
• Game Type: Define the viewpoints,styles, temporalaspect and ending type of a game
• Playability: Set of factors that measurethe ease and fun in playinga game
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

5. Playability
• Learning: How quickly a player can learn and dominate a game. The learning curve and
distribution of tutorials in a game for a player
• Immersion: How seamlessly a player is integrated in the virtual world of a game. The
perception which is created around a player
• Efficiency: How time and resources are managed in a game. The structuring of
challenges for a player
• Satisfaction: How much a player is satisfied after playingor completing a game
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

6. Playability
• Emotion: How much a game induces feelings in a player. The provocation of different
feelings in a shortspace of time in a player
• Motivation: How much a player is keen to play and complete a game. The degree of
motivation which pushes a player continuouslyto advancein a game
• Socialization: How much a game allows a player to socialize with other players
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

7. Game Mechanics
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

8. Game Mechanics
• Defines how a game works
• Combination ofmethods that provideinteraction with the game state
• Relation between objects inside a game space with the help of rules which are
triggered by actions using skills and chance in order to achieve goals
• It consists of space, objects, actions, goals, rules, skills, and chance
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

9. Space
• A set of elements or a universewith structureis a space
• Defines a place or a combination ofplaces inside a game
• Properties of space:
• It is either discrete or continuous on a scale
• It has a number of dimensions
• It has bounded areas which can be connected with each other
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

10. Objects
• Anything that can be seen or manipulated in a game is an object, space acts as a
container of objects in a game
• Properties of object:
• It has a set of attributes that contain informationaboutan object
• It has a state which is a set of current values of its attributes
• It has a set of behaviors thatit can perform dependingon its own state or game state
• Game state is a set of current states of all the objects in its space
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

11. Actions
• Interaction of a player with a game by doing some activity on objects is an action, what
a player does in a game
• What operations a player can do in a game
• Verbs of a player in a game
• Choices a player can make in a game
• Actions can change the state of a game and the state of objects
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

12. Goals
• Objective in a game that a player will try to achieve by performingactions is a goal
• Winning conditions in a game
• Guidelines of goal:
• Should be well defined, measureableand incremental(if its too large)
• Provide feedback and reward
• Must be attainableand not boring
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

13. Rules
• Regulation that a player follows in a game while performing actions in order to achieve
goals is a rule
• How a player can do operationsin a game
• Laws and principles in a game
• Consequences ofthe actions
• Constraints on the actions and the goals
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

14. Skills
• Player’s ability acquired through some effortto do somethingwell in a game is a skill
• Player’s capacity to perform wellin a game after experienceand training
• Types of skill:
• Physical: Skills involving strength, dexterity, coordination,and physicalendurance
• Mental: Skills involvingmemory, observation,problem solvingand decision making
• Social: Skills involvingcommunication,coordination and guessingopponentmoves
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

15. Chance
• Randomness or element of surprisefor a player in a game is a chance
• Uncertainty of events happeningin a game
• Unpredictablechanges in state of a game
• Properties of chance:
• Its outcomeis either discrete or continuous
• It can be either completely random or controlled by some probabilityor biasness
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

16. Storyline and Narrative
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

17. Storyline and Narrative
• Plot of a game which tells how it progresses
• Game has an interactive plot where a player is continuously active and become a part
of the story, and often involved in the decision making throughoutthe storyline
• Explains whatis happeningand why things happen the way they do in a game
• Series of connected or related events insidea game
• Script of a game which can contain the dialogues and actions
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

18. Types of Story
• Linear: Story where a player start at one point and go straight to the end in a sequence
with single (finite) ending
• Endless: Story where a player start at one point and keep on going infinitely in a
sequencewith no (infinite) ending
• Non Linear: Story where a player start at one or multiple points and it changes due to
the decisions made by a player in a sequence with either a single (finite) ending or
multiple (branching) endings
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

19. Types of Story
• Open Ended: Story where a player start at one or multiple points and it allows a player
to progress in different directions without a sequence with either a single (finite) ending
or multiple (branching) endings
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

20. Aesthetics and Level Design
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

21. Aesthetics
• Visual, auraland haptic experiencethat a player encounters in a game
• Way a game presents itself to a player
• Overalllook and feel of a game
• How the content of a game is displayed
• Every game follows a particular artistic style which uses specific drawing techniques for
creating visuals inside a game
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

22. Level Design
• Process of planning and creating space (level) inside a game that is available to a player
during a specific object or through out the complete game
• Activity of creating playablecontentfor a player in a game
• Guidelines of level design:
• Each level must haveat least one entry point
• Each level must haveat least one exit point (if ending type is not infinite)
• Design of all levels should be consistent
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY

23. Reference
• The Art of Game Design - Jesse Schell
• Game Design Essentials - Briar Lee Mitchell
• Challenges for Game Designers - Brenda Brathwaite, Ian Schreiber
FROM: HAFIZ AMMAR SIDDIQUI – COURSE: GAME DEVELOPMENT – INSTITUTE: UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY