The document discusses newer modes of mechanical ventilation that were introduced to address clinical issues like poor patient-ventilator synchrony, prolonged weaning times, and ventilator-induced lung injury. It classifies the newer modes as dual modes that combine volume and pressure control, modes that adapt to lung characteristics, and knowledge-based weaning modes. It provides more details on proportional assist ventilation (PAV+), airway pressure release ventilation (APRV/BIPAP), and Smartcare—modes that aim to improve synchrony, maintain high functional residual capacity, and reduce workload for clinicians respectively.